Shinjuku train station
| Shinjuku train station | |
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 Shinjuku train station at night
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| Data | |
| Location in the network | Junction station |
| Platform tracks | 16 DG (JR, 1067 mm ) 3 + 2 KG (Odakyū, 1067 mm ) 3 DG (Seibu,? Mm) 3 KG (Keiō, 1372 mm ) 2 DG (Keiō-shin / Toei Subway, 1372 mm ) 2 DG ( Toei Subway, 1435 mm ) 2 DG (Tōkyō Metro, 1435 mm ) DG = through tracks KG = end tracks |
| opening | 1885 |
| Website URL | Shinjuku at JR |
| location | |
| City / municipality | Shinjuku |
| prefecture | Tokyo |
| Country | Japan |
| Coordinates | 35 ° 41'27 " N , 139 ° 42'1" E |
| Railway lines | |
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| List of train stations in Japan | |
The Shinjuku ( Japanese 新宿 駅 , Shinjuku-eki ) train station in the Japanese capital Tokyo is one of the busiest train stations in the world, alongside Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus in Mumbai, India , with over three million passengers a day . It is located in the districts of Nishi-Shinjuku and Shinjuku of the Tokyo district of the same name , with the southernmost platforms in Yoyogi in the neighboring Shibuya district. Depending on the source, it is used by one to four million passengers every day. During the rush hour in the morning, an average of 500 people get on or off the approximately thirty platforms every second.
The Ōedo subway line has had two different stations within Shinjuku station since December 2000 called Shinjuku (in the south under the station) and Shinjuku-Nishiguchi (in the north).
The Seibu-Shinjuku station is about half a kilometers north of the (JR) Shinjuku Station ( 35 ° 41 '46.5 " N , 139 ° 42' 0" O ) in the district Kabukichō and is the starting point of the line of Shinjuku Seibu Railway .
The station is also one of the largest bus stations in Japan, especially for long-distance buses .
history
The Shinjuku station was founded by the private Nippon Tetsudō in 1885 in the city of Naitō-Shinjuku , a western suburb of the city of Tokyo . It served the route between Akabane and Shinagawa , in this area a section of today's Yamanote line and was also used for cargo handling. In 1889 the Kōbu Tetsudō opened its line to Tachikawa , today's Chūō main line. Both routes were expanded significantly in the 1890s. Two of the most important railway lines in the Tokyo area met in Shinjuku. In 1906 both companies were nationalized, Shinjuku Station fell to the Cabinet Railway Office, and then to the Railway Ministry in 1920 .
During Tokyo's rapid growth in the early 20th century, other companies made Shinjuku a hub for rail traffic: in 1915, the Keiō Denki Kidō opened a line on the Kōshū-kaidō , and in 1923 a private forerunner of the Toden-Suginami tram line opened. 1927 made the Odawara Kyūkō Tetsudō Shinjuku the exit of their main line to Odawara . After the end of the Second World War - the air raids on Tokyo in 1945 had led to the relocation of the old Keio station - the station of the Ministry Railway became the property of the independent Japanese State Railways .
In 1952 the Seibu-Shinjuku station opened and soon after the first underground stations: 1959 on the Marunouchi line, which was extended westward two years later, and the Odakyū station in 1964. The Suginami line was abandoned in 1963, and the last tram connection in Shinjuku in 1970. In 1978, the Keio Line (opened Keio sen underground parallel) "New Keio Line" ( Keio shin-sen ), which two years at the prefecture operated Shinjuku line was connected later and allows the use of continuous trains.
In 1987 Shinjuku Station fell to JR East when the State Railroad was privatized and divided . The loading of goods in Shinjuku had already been stopped in 1984, in 1986 the station was rebuilt to extend the Saikyō line from Akabane to Shinjuku. In 1997, the Tokyo Prefecture Transportation Bureau connected Shinjuku to Line 12, which was named Ōedo Line after its completion in 2000.
Since the railroad is the central means of transport in Japan, the train stations everywhere in Japan always form the respective city center or the district center.
The foundation of the station in 1885 was the first impetus for the center of Tokyo to shift from the traditional east ( Ginza , Imperial Palace) to the west. Since 1920 the station belonged to the city of Tokyo , when Naitō-Shinjuku were incorporated, in 1932 the areas west of the station ( Yodobashi ) were also incorporated. Since the completion of a new building in 1964, now the Lumine Est Shinjuku department store , the area around Shinjuku station has been the most important and largest shopping and entertainment district. During the second ampo tōsō in the late 1960s and 1970s, it was also an important rallying point for political demonstrations. In 1973, the riots by the passengers against the traffic chaos triggered by the strike of the state railway union in the Shunto paralyzed all state railway traffic in the Tokyo area for one day.
Double stop
The size of the station already meant that the trains stop at two different points within the station, so that you can virtually travel by train from one point of the station to the other.
Before the Second World War , the Yamanote Line had two stops on the same platform about 200 meters apart. This allowed commuters to get off closer to their destination exit. Today the Yamanote trains alone are longer than 200 m with 11 wagons, so that such a solution (stopping several times on the same platform) would require a gigantic long platform. Since trains in Japan stop with centimeter precision, there are brochures that tell you exactly which wagon stops near which exit for each individual train station in the inner city districts; many inform themselves beforehand and get into the wagon that is closest to the exit from the start.
The Ōedo subway line has had two different stations within Shinjuku station since December 2000 called Shinjuku (in the south under the station) and Shinjuku-Nishiguchi (in the north). Both stations are not directly connected to each other, but only indirectly via the Tochōmae station further west in the high-rise district (the Ōedo line is a ring line that meets a western branch in Tochōmae). You can buy a ticket to the other station at both stations. From the other lines, signs lead to both Ōedo stations, which is especially confusing for tourists, as both stations have the word “Shinjuku” in their names.
Type of construction and tracks
JR
Most of Shinjuku station is occupied by the through station of the JR East: 16 platform tracks on eight central platforms are connected above and below ground with the station buildings on the west and east sides. The platform tracks are numbered in ascending order from east to west. The three eastern platforms on the Yamanote Line are offset to the south compared to the five western platforms on the Chūō Main Line.
| 1 | ▉ Saikyō line | Shibuya • Ōsaki • Shin-Kiba ( Rinkai Line ) |
| ▉ Shōnan-Shinjuku line | Yokohama • Ōfuna • Odawara • Zushi ( Tōkaidō, Yokosuka lines ) | |
| 2 | ▉ Saikyō line | Shibuya • Ōsaki • Shin-Kiba ( Rinkai Line ) |
| 3 | ▉ Saikyō line | Ikebukuro • Ōmiya • Kawagoe |
| 4th | ▉ Saikyō line | Ikebukuro • Ōmiya • Kawagoe |
| ▉ Shōnan-Shinjuku line | Ōmiya • Utsunomiya • Takasaki ( Utsunomiya, Takasaki Lines ) | |
| 5/6 | ▉ Narita Express | Narita Airport |
| ▉ Spacia (with Tōbu Tetsudō) | Tōbu Nikkō • Kinugawa Onsen | |
| 7/8 | ▉ Chūō rapid transit line | Ochanomizu • Tokyo |
| 9/10 | ▉ Super Azusa, Kaiji | Kofu • Matsumoto |
| 11/12 | ▉ Chūō rapid transit line | Nakano • Tachikawa • Takao |
| 13 | ▉ Chūō-Sōbu line | Ochanomizu • Akihabara • Chiba |
| 14th | ▉ Yamanote Line | Harajuku • Shibuya • Shinagawa |
| 15th | ▉ Yamanote Line | Ikebukuro • Tabata • Ueno |
| 16 | ▉ Chūō-Sōbu line | Higashi-Nakano • Nakano • Mitaka |
Trains of the Saikyō line to the north starting in Shinjuku use tracks 1 and 2. Other express trains not listed (Hometown Tochigi, Akagi, Moonlight Echigo, Fairway, Home Liner Odawara, Super View Odoriko, Shinjuku Wakashio, Shinjuku Sazanami, Home Liner Chiba, Azusa, Kaiji and Chūō- / Ōme-Liner) run on tracks 2 , 5 to 7, 9 and 10.
Keiō Dentetsu: Keiō line
The terminal station of the Keiō line is located in the second basement of the Keiō department store on the west side of the JR station and the Odakyū station / department store. In a Spanish solution , two of the three head tracks are accessible from two sides, with one platform only being used for getting off.
| 1 | ▉ Keiō line | Meidaimae • Chōfu • Hashimoto • Fuchū • Keiō-Hachiōji • Takaosanguchi (local trains) |
| 2 | ▉ Keiō line | Express trains ( kyūkō ), "commuter express trains " ( tsūkin kaisoku ), express trains ( kaisoku ), local trains |
| - | ▉ Keiō line | (only exit) |
| 3 | ▉ Keiō line | "Special Express" ( tokkyū ), "Semi- Special Express" ( juntokkyū ), Express ( kyūkō ), "Commuter express trains " ( tsūkin kaisoku ), express trains ( kaisoku ) |
Odakyū Dentetsu
The Odakyū Dentetsu terminus is located under the Odakyū department store on the northwest side of the JR station. It is spread over two floors: express and express trains stop at three tracks on the ground floor, local trains on two tracks in the basement. The tracks are shared above ground on the southwest corner of the JR station next to the JR Tokyo Hospital in front of the level crossing at 414 Prefecture Street. The Spanish solution is also used here: all five tracks have platform edges on both sides.
| 1 | ▉ Odawara line | (only exit) |
| 2 | ▉ Romancecar ( tokkyū ) | Odawara • Hakone-Yumoto • Fujisawa • Karakida |
| 3 | ▉ Odawara line | (only exit) |
| 4/5 | ▉ Odawara line | "Schnell-Express" ( kaisoku-kyūkō ), Express ( kyūkō ), Semi-Express ( junkyū ) |
| 6th | ▉ Odawara line | (only exit) |
The platforms are numbered in ascending order from east to west. The tracks in the basement have consecutive numbers:
| 7th | ▉ Odawara line | (only exit) |
| 8/9 | ▉ Odawara line | Shin-Yurigaoka • Sagami-Ōno • Hon-Atsugi (local trains) |
| 10 | ▉ Odawara line | (only exit) |
Tōkyō Metro
Shinjuku Station on the Marunouchi Line of the Tōkyō Chikatetsu / Tōkyō Metro is located under the north end of the JR station on the second basement floor. It consists of a central platform with two platform tracks.
| 1 |
 Marunouchi line
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Nakano-Sakaue • Ogikubo • Hōnanchō |
| 2 |
Marunouchi line
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Akasaka-Mitsuke • Ginza • Ōtemachi • Ikebukuro |
Keiō Dentetsu and Tourist Office: Keiō-shin-sen
The train station on the Shinjuku Line and the "New Keiō Line" ( Keiō-shin-sen ), used jointly by Keiō Dentetsu and the Tokyo Prefecture Transportation Office, is located south of the Odakyū and Keiō train stations under the flyover of National Road 20 via the JR station. The numbering of the two platform tracks is consecutively linked to that of the Keiō station.
| 4th | ▉ New Keiō line | Hatsudai • Hatagaya • Chofu • Hashimoto |
| 5 |
 Shinjuku line
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Ichigaya • Jimbocho • Bakuro-Yokoyama • Ōjima |
Tokyo Prefecture Transportation Office
The actual Shinjuku station of the prefectural Ōedo Line is west of the Keiō station on the southwest side of the JR station. The tracks running in north-south direction are also led past a central platform.
| 6th |
 Ōedo line
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Roppongi • Daimon |
| 7th |
Ōedo line
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Tochō-mae • Hikarigaoka |
Seibu Shinjuku
Seibu-Shinjuku Station on the Shinjuku Line of Seibu Tetsudō is north of JR Shinjuku Station on the east side of the junction of the Chūō Main Line from the Yamanote Line. Three head tracks end at two platforms on the first floor of the Seibu Prince Hotel of the Seibu Group .
| 1 | ▉ Shinjuku line | ■ Takadanobaba • Tanashi • Tokorozawa • Hon-Kawagoe • Tamagawa-Jōsui • Haijima (local trains) |
| 2 | ▉ Shinjuku line | ■ Koedo ( tokkyū ), ■ "Schnell-Express" ( kaisoku kyūkō ) |
| 3 | ▉ Shinjuku line | ■ express trains ( kaisoku ), ■ express ( kyūkō ), ■ semi-express ( junkyū ) |
Lines and neighboring stations
Only a few long-distance trains and no Shinkansen travel to the station: the express trains Chūō and Ōme liners on the Chūō main line to the west only run four times an hour during the day and the Homeliner Odawara going south on the Tōkaidō main line only once an hour. The station achieves its passenger volume almost exclusively by commuters who use one of the eight mainly regional lines of the railway companies JR East , Keiō , Odakyū and Seibu or the three subway lines. The lines are:
- JR:
- Chūō main line
- Chūō-Sōbu line on the Chūō main line with its own tracks
- Saikyō line on the Yamanote line with its own tracks (for historical reasons: Yamanote-kamotsu-sen , "Yamanote freight line")
- Shōnan Shinjuku Line on the "Yamanote Freight Line"
- Yamanote line
- Tōkyō Metro Marunouchi Line
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Toei
- Shinjuku Line with continuous trains to the west via the "New Keiō Line" ( Keiō-shin-sen ) to the Keiō Line
- Ōedo line
- Odakyū Odawara line
- Keiō line
- Seibu Shinjuku Line (from Seibu-Shinjuku Annex Station)
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literature
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sum of the individual passenger numbers of the operators in the info box under the assumption that the JR lines have just as many exits as entries, without Seibu-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-Nishiguchi, Shinjuku-3-chōme, Tochō-mae and Nishi-Shinjuku: 3,388,341