Hachiōji
Hachiōji-shi 八 王子 市 |
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Geographical location in Japan | ||
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Region : | Kanto | |
Prefecture : | Tokyo | |
Coordinates : | 35 ° 40 ′ N , 139 ° 19 ′ E | |
Height : | 120 m | |
Basic data | ||
Surface: | 186.31 km² | |
Residents : | 577,560 (October 1, 2019) |
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Population density : | 3100 inhabitants per km² | |
Community key : | 13201-2 | |
Symbols | ||
Flag / coat of arms: | ||
Tree : | ginkgo | |
Flower : | Lilium auratum | |
Bird : | Japanese snapper | |
town hall | ||
Address : |
Hachiōji City Hall 3 - 24 - 1 , Motohongō-chō Hachiōji -shi Tōkyō 192-8501 |
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Website URL: | http://www.city.hachioji.tokyo.jp | |
Location of Hachiōjis in Tokyo Prefecture | ||
Hachiōji ( Japanese 八 王子 市 , - shi ) is a city on the western edge of the Kantō plain in Japan and part of the Tokyo agglomeration . With more than half a million inhabitants, it is the center of the Tama region , the western part of Tokyo Prefecture .
geography
Hachiōji is located at the foot of the Okutama Mountains, about 40 kilometers west of central Tokyo . The city of Bergen is opposite on three sides. These form the Hachiōji Basin, which opens to the east towards Tokyo. The southern mountain range includes the Takao (599 m) and the Jinba (877 m), two popular excursion destinations.
Adjacent cities and towns in Tokyo Prefecture are Akiruno , Akishima , Fussa , Hino , Hinohara , Machida, and Tama . Hachiōji also borders the city of Sagamihara in Kanagawa Prefecture .
history
Hachiōji was built in the late Heian period (12th century) around an old, no longer preserved samurai fortress, which was named Hachiōji in 1584 . In the Edo period, Hachiōji flourished as one of the 38 post stations on the Kōshū Kaidō highway , which runs from Tokyo over the Japanese Alps to the Sea of Japan . Hachiōji, until then a city ( machi ) in the district of South Tama and seat of the district administration, became an independent city ( shi ) on September 1, 1917 ; it was the second in Tokyo Prefecture after Tokyo City, the eighth in Kanto and the 66th in the whole country.
Towards the end of World War II , the city was repeatedly bombed by the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) between June 1945 and August 1945 . The attack with the most serious consequences was an area bombing with napalm bombs on July 1, 1945. The attack destroyed around 65% of the city area and claimed 305 deaths (see air raids on Japan ). Since April 2015, Hachiōji has been the “core city” and thus the first independent city in the Tokyo prefecture in one of today's special forms for large cities (seirei shitei toshi / chūkaku-shi / tokurei-shi) with additional administrative competencies .
Hachiōji has developed into a satellite city since the mid-1960s . The cheap land prices were also the reason for several Tokyo universities, several faculties and the courses, especially for the lower semesters, to move to Hachiōji. The large number of students and the many commuters have meant that Hachiōji, with several department stores and many pubs and bars in the large pedestrian zone around the two train stations, has become one of the liveliest suburbs in Tokyo. On the city's local mountain , the Takao , there is a wide view over the Kantō plain to the skyscrapers of Tokyo on a clear day .
traffic
Hachiōji can be reached from Tokyo and Yokohama by several train lines in less than an hour. The JR East operated Chūō main line with the Hachiōji station runs from Shinjuku station via Shiojiri to Nagoya . Here the Yokohama line to Yokohama station and the Hachikō line to Kawagoe branch off . Another important station on the Chūō main line is Takao . The railway company Keiō Dentetsu operates the Keiō line from Shinjuku to Keiō-Hachiōji station . From this, the Keiō Takao line to Takaosanguchi branches off at Kitano station . From there, a Takao Tozan Dentetsu funicular takes you to Mount Takao. In 1929 the Musashi Chūō Denki Tetsudō opened a tram line, but it was only in operation until 1939.
By road, Hachiōji is accessible via the Chūō Highway and the Ken'ō Highway . There are also national road 16 to Saitama , Chiba or Yokosuka , national road 20 to Tokyo or Shiojiri and national road 411 . The medieval Jimba Kaidō , a side route of the Kōshū Kaidō between Edo and Kōfu, now runs as prefectural road 521 from Hachiōji over the Wada Pass to Fujino in modern Sagamihara .
education
There are currently 18 universities and campuses from other universities in the city:
- Kōgakuin University (Hachiōji campus, since April 1963)
- Meisei University (Hino Campus (main part in Hino ), since April 1964)
- Teikyō University (Hachiōji campus, since April 1966)
- Zōkei University Tokyo (since April 1966)
- Junshin Women's University Tokyo (since April 1967)
- Kyōrin University (Hachiōji campus, since April 1970)
- Art College Tama (Hachiōji Campus, since April 1971)
- Sōka University (since April 1971)
- Tokyo Pharmaceutical University (since April 1976)
- Takushoku University (Hachiōji Campus, since April 1977)
- Chūō University (Tama Campus, since April 1978)
- Nihon Bunka University (since April 1978)
- Kyōritsu Women's University (Hachiōji Campus, since April 1979)
- Kasei Gakuin University Tokyo (Machida campus (actually in Machida, but on the city limits), since April 1984)
- Tokyo University of Technology (Hachiōji Campus, since April 1986)
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Tokyo Metropolitan University (Minami-Ōsawa-Campus, since April 2004)
- Tōkyō-toritsu Daigaku (April 2004 – March 2011)
- Nōkō University Tokyo (branch offices)
- Digital Hollywood University (production studio)
Former:
- Kokugakuin University (Hachiōji Campus, April 1967-March 1991)
- Temple University
Attractions
In Hachiōji there is the Musashi Imperial Cemetery with the mausoleums of the emperors Taishō and Shōwa . The Murauchi Art Museum shows mainly French paintings from the 19th and 20th centuries. The Tokyo Fuji Art Museum shows art from Europe as well as masterpieces of Japanese art.
sons and daughters of the town
- Nishikawa Shōji (1884–1952), physicist
- Suzuki Shintarō (1895-1989), painter
- Nobutsugu Koenuma (1908-1946), physician
- Yumi Matsutōya (* 1954), J-pop singer and songwriter
- Hiroshi Yamada (* 1958), politician
- Youki Kudoh (born 1971), actress
- Kiyotaka Miyoshi (born 1985), football player
- Tatsuya Arai (* 1988), football player
- Takahiro Tanaka (* 1993), soccer player
- Miku Tashiro (* 1994), judoka
- Ryūta Koike (born 1995), football player
- Kiichi Yajima (* 1995), soccer player
Town twinning
Hachiōji maintains a partnership with the Brandenburg city of Wriezen . The doctor Nobutsugu Koenuma , who was born in Hachiōji, is an honorary citizen of Wriezen.
Web links
- Hachiōji City Website (Japanese)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kurosu Ryūichi (Mayor of Hachiōji), 2006: 企業 OB の 力 を 地域 に 活 か し て ( Memento from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 64 kB), p. 1