Imperial Quarter
The Kaiserviertel is a district in the east of Dortmund city center.
The quarter is located to the east of Dortmund's former ramparts and is also called the Kaiserstraßenviertel due to the commercial street of the same name . It is the judicial focus of the city. In addition to the district court , the regional court and the public prosecutor's office, a. the Italian consulate and the regional mining office are also located here. In the meantime, the district has the highest rental and real estate prices of all inner-city residential areas in Dortmund.
The historic Kaiserbrunnen and the entrance sign to Kaiserstraße, which is visible from the city center, are the lively focal points of the quarter with many owner-managed retail stores, freelancers, bars, cafes and restaurants.
location
The Kaiserviertel is located in the city center-east and is part of the statistical district Kaiserbrunnen . It extends around Kaiserstraße and is crossed by the start of Ostenhellweg in the west, the Franciscan monastery in the east and the S4 S-Bahn to the south and the industrial production facilities of ThyssenKrupp and the Dortmund power plant in Spähenfelde to the north limited.
Due to its location, the district acts as a link between the northern city in the north and the bourgeois southern city.
history
Until industrialization, the area of what is now the Kaiserviertel was an extensive farm along the Westphalian Hellweg as a trade route towards Soest , Lippstadt and Paderborn . From the Ostentor of the Dortmund city fortifications , the Hellweg led through the Dortmund Feldmark on the parcels "Am Schürwege" and "Am Steinwege" along the former Karlshütte and the Neu-Düsseldorf colliery to the Funkenburg and then to the villages in Körne , Wambel 1376 as Hylewege bi Wanemale called, Brackel , Asseln and then Wickede further east, finally, beyond today's Dortmund border, as Massener Hellweg in the urban area of Unna . The aforementioned Dortmund districts were formerly small, more or less independent places along the trade route on the territory of the county of Dortmund .
The idea for the city expansion was commissioned by the Royal Government of Arnsberg by the builder Brandhoff in 1857/1858 as an alignment plan based on parcel III. and X. of the Dortmund field mark . This became necessary because industrialization and population growth meant that the space requirements for commercial space and inexpensive living space within Dortmund could no longer be satisfied.
industrialization
During the industrial boom in the city of Dortmund , the district developed into the preferred residential area for industrialists and entrepreneurs. Representative residential buildings were built around the Kaiserbrunnen as well as the regional court 1879–1881 along Kaiserstraße, the district court in 1898 with an attached penal institution in Rechtsstraße (formerly Holländische Straße) and the regional mining office . The development of the quarter was accelerated by the construction of the Dortmund Süd train station along the Düsseldorf-Derendorf – Dortmund Süd railway line .
In the eastern quadrant of the Südbahnhof, the 16-hectare Ostpark was created in 1876 as a park-like green area. This was established as the second municipal cemetery after the "Westentotenhof", today's West Park . This second cemetery complex is related to the rapid population growth in the course of the industrialization of the Ruhr area. While around 4,000 people lived in Dortmund when the Westentotenhof was founded in 1811, in 1876 there were over 50,000. The first burial took place on April 1, 1876. Many families who played a decisive role in the city's industry and economy also settled in the immediate vicinity of the Ostenfriedhof. In the heyday of the coal and steel industry , these families acquired large fortunes, which is reflected in the impressive tombs.
The traditionally Protestant city of Dortmund experienced a large influx of new Catholic citizens. The provost church was soon no longer sufficient for worship and pastoral care. Therefore, in 1895 Franciscans (OFM) of the Saxon Franciscan Province ( Saxonia ) came to Dortmund and held services in a small chapel on Hamburger Strasse. In 1896 the building site for the monastery building and church was acquired. The Dortmund architect Johannes Franziskus Klomp designed a three-aisled basilica in the neo-Gothic style with a two-bay, single-nave choir. After the completion of the monastery, the construction of the church began in 1901. The consecration was celebrated on June 13, 1902.
Due to its location close to the large industrial production facilities of ThyssenKrupp and the Dortmund power plant in Spähenfelde, as well as the two freight stations in the south and north, the quarter was badly damaged in World War II. A large part of the buildings along the main thoroughfares Heiliger Weg and Hamburger Strasse and around the prison were destroyed and partially modernized or not rebuilt. In the southern section of the district, however, the building structure is very divergent and has a high proportion of old buildings from Kronprinzenstrasse and the Franciscan monastery.
In 1956 the Jewish community center with synagogue was opened on Prinz-Friedrich-Karl-Straße. It served as a replacement building for the old synagogue in the city center, which was one of the few Jewish communities in Germany that was expropriated and demolished before the November pogroms in 1938 .
Due to the judiciary focus, the favorable transport connections and its urban structure with a large number of Art Nouveau buildings and city villas, the Kaiserviertel developed into an attractive environment for law and notary offices and for insurance companies after the Second World War. The consulates of Italy and South Africa are also located in the quarter itself .
Entrepreneurs and service providers followed with new business ideas and a wide range of restaurants. Today there is a good mix of old and new in terms of residents, architecture, shops and businesses, making the district a popular residential area - rising rents and a growing number of galleries, restaurants and cafes are evidence of this.
Due to the popularity of the residential area and the ongoing re- urbanization , the so-called City Quartier was developed in the north . In the past, there were mainly rail and track systems along Hamburger Straße as Güterbahnhof-Ost as well as the publishing house and printing plant of the General-Anzeiger for Dortmund, which was the largest German daily newspaper outside of Berlin before the Second World War . Urban planners, architects, project developers and real estate investors gradually pushed the development of the new Dortmund urban quarter in 2011. Due to its central location and the largely suburban development with one and two-family houses, the new building project was heavily criticized in specialist circles. Due to the strong criticism, attention was paid to a more metropolitan, urban planning in the land-use planning for the southern counterpart, the construction project Güterbahnhof-Süd .
architecture
The Kaiserviertel is characterized by a dense, closed perimeter block development around the two courts as well as along Kaiserstrasse. In the southern section between Prinz-Friedrich Karl-, Kronprinzen and Arndtstraße with the eastern boundary Bismarckstraße, the concept of the Landhausstraße was implemented from 1900 onwards. An open development with individual buildings or building complexes with a total front length of a maximum of 40 meters with a lateral distance to the neighbors was planned and built. There were restrictions here due to the limited land area, which only allowed relatively small ornamental gardens.
The overall impression of the Kaiserviertel is made up of old buildings from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Century. Along the main roads, these typically have five to six upper floors and an attic, while in the side streets, however, a maximum of 3 floors. During the Second World War , the Kaiserviertel was less severely hit than the Nordstadt and the city center, but around 50 to 70% of it was also destroyed. Even today it is easy to see in the streets where the bombs fell, as the architecturally very different pre-war and post-war buildings alternate in some cases. The style-defining example is Bismarckstrasse; while in the lower northern section only three residential buildings survived the air raids of World War II , almost all of the old buildings have been preserved in the upper southern section.
Culture
The milieu in the Kaiserviertel is characterized by middle-class and academic backgrounds. In contrast to the Kreuzviertel , this means that there are no gentrification processes in the quarter itself . This is due to the centuries-old judicial focus and the building structure in the form of town villas. In the district this is noticeable through a diverse scene of cafés and pubs, often with outdoor catering.
Once a year, on the last weekend of September, the quarter festival "Kaiserstraßenfest" takes place on Kaiserstraße. Started more than 30 years ago as an event for the retail trade of the Werbegemeinschaft Kaiserstraße eV, at which the shops in the district invited people to shop and rummage and extended their opening hours until late in the evening, the festival quickly developed into a happening that went well beyond the Steal the boundaries of the neighborhood. It is the largest and one of the oldest district festivals in Dortmund.
Kaiserstraße is the location of two public bookcases . Every citizen can place his books in these in order to offer them to other readers. You can take books out at any time and take them with you to read; Each user decides for himself whether to return, keep, exchange or not. The association “Art and Culture in the Kaiserviertel” contributed to the realization of the Büch project in the district. The visually appealing cupboards are located in the immediate vicinity of two cafés, which leads to a lively exchange of books in the summer months.
In recent years, a very varied gastronomic mile with a wide variety of culinary delights has emerged along Kaiserstrasse.
traffic
On the southern edge of the Kaiserviertel is the Körne-West train station , where the S-Bahn line S 4 between Dortmund-Lütgendortmund and Unna stops. In the planning of the city of Dortmund for the development of the former freight yard south, a separate S-Bahn station along Kronprinzenstraße is aimed for.
The U 43 tram runs on Hamburger Straße with the stops Ostentor, Lippestraße, Funkenburg and Von-der-Tann-Straße.
In addition, the district is served by the bus routes 452 and 453 of the DSW21 .
Attractions
Landesoberbergamt
This building ensemble was designed jointly by the government builder Behrendt and the Dortmund building councilor Claren and moved into in 1910. It is a representative, three-storey building with a side wing and a slate-covered clock tower. This building was badly damaged in the Second World War, but could be rebuilt almost unchanged.
East Park
The Ostfriedhof, which is known for its numerous historical graves, is considered one of the most beautiful cemeteries in Germany. The mourning hall and the administration with a residential building at the main entrance date from the founding phase of the cemetery and, like almost 100 graves, are under monument protection. Numerous, in some cases quite monumental and elaborate, tombs can be found along the main axis that runs south from the main entrance. Two memorials in the Ostfriedhof commemorate two mine accidents that occurred at the Kaiserstuhl I and Kaiserstuhl II collieries.
In a firedamp explosion on shaft I of the Kaiserstuhl colliery on August 19, 1893, 61 miners died. 48 victims of the accident were buried in the east cemetery (field 10). The red sandstone monument is modeled on ancient temple architecture. Behind it are cast plaques that are attached to small round pillars and bear the names and dates of birth of the miners involved in the accident.
Not far away, another memorial commemorates the 19 miners who were also killed in a firedamp explosion on December 22, 1897, just four years later, on Shaft II. The memorial consists of an upright stone slab (stele) behind which the graves for the dead were laid (field 11).
Water tower south station
The water tower of the Dortmund Südbahnhof is an elevated water tank of the former Dortmund Süd depot. It was built by the Deutsche Reichsbahn between 1923 and 1927 and supplied steam locomotives with boiler feed water until the 1950s.
Presidential settlement / imperial block
The presidential settlement is a typical example of state-subsidized housing construction, which flourished in Germany in the second half of the 1920s. Located east of Dortmund city center, 650 apartments were built in the New Building style that met the need for a lack of living space across all layers. Accordingly, the apartment sizes vary greatly; some apartments are up to 160 m², but the majority are around 60 m². The predominantly four-storey development - with dry floors on almost the entire floor area - is a large, largely standardized residential complex of its time.
Villa Friemann
Shortly after 1900, a representative Wilhelminian style villa was built for the manager of the Dortmund branch of the Zwickau manufacturer of mining accessories Friemann & Wolf, Hugo Friemann. The building, designed by the Dortmund architect Ernst Marx, with an unusually high basement and two main floors, is dominated by the large pillared portico on the street side. The concluding triangular gable contains a fully sculpted female figure as an allegory of industry, surrounded by tools and machine parts from the metallurgy and mining industry, with the miner's lamp not missing.
While the mansard hipped roof was rebuilt in a simplified form after being destroyed in the war, the main structure remained almost unchanged. The main entrance, like the stairwell, is on the right side of the house, not far from the service building that has now disappeared, while a polygonal porch adjoins the main floor on the left.
Villa Moritz Klönne
The house of the more important of August Klönne's two sons, located in the immediate vicinity of the splendid Oberbergamt, was built in 1922/23 by Emil Pohle and his then office partner Adolf Ott. It originally had a high hipped roof, which was replaced by another storey after the Second World War. The facades are made of light shell limestone and decorated with ornamental friezes and reliefs by the Darmstadt sculptor Ludwig Habich. While on Prinz-Friedrich-Karl-Strasse two raised side axes highlight the three-part center, there is a large, roofed driveway on the right narrow side, under which the elaborate, funnel-shaped entrance is located. A round vestibule with a marble floor and expressive stucco vault leads to the large salon on the ground floor with attached men's and women's rooms.
Picture gallery
Kaiserbrunnen
Robert-Koch Strasse, looking towards Kaiserstrasse
Kaiserblock
Ostpark cemetery office
Landesoberbergamt
Water tower at the Südbahnhof
Italian Consulate, Goebenstrasse
Insurance construction, Kaiserstraße
Junction Kaiserstraße / Hamburger Straße
Court place 1
Public Prosecutor Dortmund
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Known residents
- Christina Hammer (* 1990), boxer
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dortmund Project: Real Estate Prices Kaiserviertel. Retrieved November 9, 2017 .
- ^ Dortmund Project: Information Kaiserviertel. Retrieved November 9, 2017 .
- ↑ Dortmund Project: Zechenkarte location Zeche Neu-Düsseldorf. Retrieved November 9, 2017 .
- ↑ on the industrialization of the city of Dortmund cf. also the article on the history of the city of Dortmund
- ↑ Wolf Arno Kropat: Reichskristallnacht , Commission for the History of the Jews in Hesse , Wiesbaden 1997, ISBN 978-3-921434-18-5 , p. 447.
- ^ Dortmund Project: Consulates Imperial Quarter. Retrieved November 9, 2017 .
- ^ Dortmund Project: Development of the Kaiserviertel. Retrieved November 9, 2017 .
- ^ Dortmund Project: Development of the Kaiserviertel. Retrieved November 9, 2017 .
- ^ Dortmund Project: Gentrification of the Kaiserviertel. Retrieved November 9, 2017 .
- ^ Dortmund Project: Kaiserstraßenfest. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved November 9, 2017 . ( Page no longer available , search in > Web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Dortmund Project: Bookcases. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved November 9, 2017 . ( Page no longer available , search in > Web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 51 ° 30 ′ 11 ″ N , 7 ° 27 ′ 17 ″ E