Chapel of St. Sebastian and St. Antonius (Hohenems)
The chapel of St. Sebastian and St. Antonius (also: St. Antonius , St. Anton or San Toni ) is a Roman Catholic chapel in the middle of the cemetery in Hohenems in the Dornbirn district , Vorarlberg , Austria . The chapel ( list entry ) and the cemetery complex ( list entry ) are under monument protection .
The chapel belongs to the parish church of St. Karl Borromeo in Hohenems and to the dean's office in Dornbirn . The church is a simple stone building free-standing on all sides. The choir faces southeast. The only tower is set in the southeast in front of the nave / choir.
Naming
The cemetery and chapel bear the official name of St. Sebastian and were originally consecrated to this saint. Quite quickly (1647) and to this day colloquial, both the cemetery and the chapel are only associated and referred to as St. Anton ( St. Antonius or San Toni ), which is not least due to the Antonius Brotherhood founded in 1696.
chapel
location
The cemetery chapel ( 447 m above sea level ) is located in the middle of the St. Anton cemetery. The cemetery and the chapel are about 500 m from the city center.
history
The chapel and the cemetery were built for the plague dead because of the plague that raged in Hohenems from 1607 onwards. At that time, the chapel and the cemetery were largely outside of the populated area.
The first chapel from 1607 was replaced by a new building, the current building, between 1643 and 1645. The chapel was consecrated on November 21, 1645 by Franz Johann Vogt von Altensumerau and Prasberg .
In 1868 the first major renovation of the chapel was carried out. From 1992 to 1994 the chapel was again extensively renovated. The ceremonial reopening took place on June 12, 1994 in the presence of Bishop Klaus Küng .
Church building
The current church building from 1643/1645 begins on the northwest side of the cemetery and faces southeast (altar and tower). The building is about 11 m high, the tower about 18 m. The chapel occupies an area of 320 m² and the nave of the church is about 27 m long and 8 m wide.
The ground level is about 447 m above sea level. A. The nave has a steep gable roof , the outer walls are made with relatively small, rectangular windows and unadorned whitewashed.
Above the main north-west portal made of sandstone is a statue of St. Sebastian.
According to the inscription on the right side altar, the building of the church cost 2500 guilders , of which 700 guilders were provided by Kaspar von Hohenems and 1800 guilders by the court master Berna.
Longhouse
In the nave there is a beautifully crafted wooden coffered ceiling, probably from the 17th century.
There are two locked tombs below the nave. The church's founders, Jakob Hannibal Berna von Steinach and his wife Helena, and their descendants are buried in the back crypt. The entrance is under a stone slab in the middle of the aisle of the chapel. The front crypt, the priest's crypt, has access on the floor between the side altars.
On the right side wall of the nave there is also a large oil painting with the Blessed Mother , under whom the donors kneel, from 1645, whose author is not known.
Opposite this picture is an oil painting, supplemented by an inscription panel on the left side altar, with the church donors of the left side altar and the priest's crypt.
The pews are kept simple and made of lacquered fir wood.
Choir
The choir is a little narrower than the nave, but was structurally not drawn deeper and is architecturally very clearly separated from the nave by a relatively wide choir arch . The choir arch is dominated by painted brickwork . The frescoes on the veneration of the Eucharist that were located here from 1938 to 1992 have been painted over.
The choir stalls for twelve people from around 1645 (year: 1643) are made of oak, on the left is the coat of arms of Berna (HBVS) and on the right the coat of arms of Sandholzer (HSVZ).
High altar
The high altar from 1723 stands on a common base with the people's altar. The altarpiece is flanked by six columns. The altarpiece shows St. Sebastian, in the background of the picture an old view of Hohenems. The altarpiece was painted by Joseph Walser. The main altar is dominated by an upper image depicting St. Franz Xavier represents. Below are two coats of arms ( alliance coats of arms ) of the donors of the high altar (ibex for Hohenems; tower for Margarethe von Thurn).
In front of the high altar there is a massive marble block on a pedestal as a people's altar.
Stained glass window
The chapel's stained glass windows are foundations and were installed between 1894 and 1909. During the renovation in 1992–1994, the stained glass windows were removed to let more light into the room. The left stained glass in the choir showed Christ appearing to Mary Magdalene . The right glass painting showed the Lamentation of Christ .
Side altars
The two side altars, like the high altar, were created in 1723. The left-hand altar shows St. Anthony of Padua, in the upper picture is St. Pictured Charles Borromeo .
The right-hand altar shows the scene of Mary being accompanied into the temple by her parents, Joachim and Anna , with the inscription: “ St. Maria - Ora pro nobis ” (Holy Mary - pray for us). The upper picture shows St. Anthony of Padua.
Gallery and organ
The straight, real gallery carries the simple organ and has a staircase on the left from the main portal.
The existence of an organ is already secured before 1777. In 1865 a used organ was purchased from Widnau ( Switzerland ) and the location of the organ was moved from the chancel to the gallery. Shortly before 1900 a new organ was purchased from the Mayer brothers organ builder from Feldkirch and renovated in 1969 and 1993.
Tower and bells
The square tower placed on the southeast side in front of the nave and choir has four rectangular sound openings in the upper quarter and a pyramid helmet . It is not open to the public.
Already after 1615 there was a bell in the tower which was cast by Jeronimus Gesus from Constance . A second bell from 1681 was written in honor of St. Anthony of Padua was cast. In 1778/1779 another bell was purchased from a Lindau bell caster. In 1830 two bells from the Grassmayr bell foundry (Joseph Anton Graßmayr) in Feldkirch were cast in a new bell. The three bells had to be removed for war purposes on March 5, 1942 and were taken away.
In 1954 new bells were purchased for all church buildings in Hohenems. Three bells were installed again in the cemetery chapel:
- St. Sebastian bell in "H" with 270 kg made of bronze,
- St. Antonius bell in "D" with 180 kg made of bronze,
- St. Anna bell in "Fis" with 80 kg made of bronze.
All made by the bell foundry Hamm and Hartner in Salzburg .
graveyard
The cemetery complex is also a listed building and has an asymmetrical, quadrangular floor plan with a side length of around 93 m and a width of 71 m (northeast) and around 55 m (southwest). There are arcades on three sides (northwest, northeast and southeast) . To the southwest there is a simple stone wall to demarcate it.
The cemetery was laid out as a plague cemetery and was consecrated on September 11, 1607 by Johann Jakob Mirgel , auxiliary bishop in Constance and titular bishop of Sebaste in Cilicia . On June 5, 1624, the expanded cemetery was consecrated again. After having occurred in Hohenems as early as 1589, the plague claimed many human lives for a good three decades from 1607 onwards.
In 1844 the cemetery was expanded to its present size and the arcades were laid out in 1893 and 1908 (now a total of 64 arcades). Today the cemetery has around 800 graves, many of which are old family graves.
In 1894 a cemetery order was passed.
Antony Brotherhood
In 1628, by order of Kaspar von Hohenems because of the plague that had been rampant for decades, a rosary brotherhood was founded in the hope of appeasing God. On March 11, 1696, the Antonius Brotherhood was founded, which existed until the beginning of the 20th century.
literature
- Arnulf Häfele , Peter Mathis : In the San Toni, cemetery and chapel St. Anton in Hohenems. Bucher Verlag, Hohenems 2012.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ See also the inscription panel on the right side altar.
- ^ Arnulf Häfele , Peter Mathis : In the San Toni, cemetery and chapel of St. Anton in Hohenems. Pp. 17, 37, 49 f.
- ↑ Information according to the inscription panel on the right side altar.
- ↑ Corresponds to around 125,000.00 euros in 2009.
- ↑ Helena Berna, née Sandholzer von Zunderberg, was the daughter of Hans Jakob Sandholzer von und zu Zunderberg.
- ↑ See the inscription panel on the right side altar. Jakob Hannibal Berna was from 1614 a count's civil servant and court master of Kaspar von Hohenems and in 1630 received the right to name himself "von Steinach" after an estate from Hohenems that was given to him.
- ^ Arnulf Häfele, Peter Mathis: In the San Toni, cemetery and chapel of St. Anton in Hohenems. P. 30.
- ↑ Created by the academic painter Julius Wehinger from Dornbirn (* April 11, 1882 ; † August 4, 1944 ) - see Arnulf Häfele, Peter Mathis: Im San Toni, cemetery and chapel St. Anton in Hohenems. P. 150.
- ↑ H annibal B nutrition v on S Teinach.
- ↑ H Elena S andholzer v on Z underberg.
- ^ Arnulf Häfele, Peter Mathis: In the San Toni, cemetery and chapel of St. Anton in Hohenems. P. 31.
- ^ Arnulf Häfele, Peter Mathis: In the San Toni, cemetery and chapel of St. Anton in Hohenems. P. 68 ff.
- ^ Arnulf Häfele, Peter Mathis: In the San Toni, cemetery and chapel of St. Anton in Hohenems. P. 162.
- ↑ Arnulf Häfele writes in Im San Toni, Friedhof und Kapelle St. Anton in Hohenems , p. 166, that the organ maker Johann Georg Jäger from Wangen repaired the existing small organ for 4 guilders .
- ^ Arnulf Häfele, Peter Mathis: In the San Toni, cemetery and chapel of St. Anton in Hohenems. P. 166 f.
- ^ Arnulf Häfele, Peter Mathis: In the San Toni, cemetery and chapel of St. Anton in Hohenems. P. 169 ff.
- ^ Arnulf Häfele, Peter Mathis: In the San Toni, cemetery and chapel of St. Anton in Hohenems. P. 174.
- ^ Arnulf Häfele, Peter Mathis: In the San Toni, cemetery and chapel of St. Anton in Hohenems. Pp. 24, 49.
Coordinates: 47 ° 21 '28.9 " N , 9 ° 41' 19.4" E