Karl Andrejewitsch signs

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Karl Andrejewitsch signs

Karl Andreyevich signs , even Karl Ludwig von signs ( Russian Карл Андреевич Шильдер * December 27, 1785 jul. / 7. January  1786 greg. In Simanowo, Ujesd Newel ; † June 11 jul. / 23. June  1854 greg. In Calarasi ) was a Baltic German - Russian pioneer officer in the Imperial Russian Army and engineer .

Life

Signs graduated Adelspensionat the University of Moscow and came into the 1803 General Staff Officer School .

In 1805 Schilder took part in the battle of Austerlitz . Schilder's abilities were noticed by Count Karl Oppermann , who in 1811 assigned him to work on the expansion of the fortress in Bobruisk . The following year he participated in the defense of the fortress during the blockade by the army of the Duchy of Warsaw . In 1813 he was transferred to the 1st  sapper battalion . In 1818 he took leave of absence as Podpolkownik for family reasons . In 1820, at the invitation of Grand Duke Nikolaus Pavlovich, he returned to service and commanded the 2nd Pioneer Battalion.

1826 Signs commander was the bodyguard -Sappeurbataillons with which he 1828 in the Turkish Russian War (1828-1829) moved. When he arrived with his battalion before Varna , he fell ill, so that the first Russian siege attack took place without him and was unsuccessful. Immediately after his recovery, he developed a new plan of attack, which he successfully implemented. The siege of Silistra led by him led to the surrender of the fortress. He constructed a rope suspension bridge (1828).

As a result of the congress Polish November Uprising signs in 1831 head of the Guard - engineer corps . He was wounded in the leg in the Battle of Ostrołęka (1831) . He was there on crutches during the storming of Warsaw .

After the war, Schilder became adjutant general and chief engineer of the Russian army stationed in the Kingdom of Poland . He developed and tested various techniques for attack and defense for the engineers. Most notable were his proposals for tube mines and anti-mine systems, electric fuses based on the ideas of Paul Ludwig Schilling von Cannstatt , submarines with spar torpedoes and rockets, and sea ​​mines with electric contact fuses, which he developed together with Moritz Hermann von Jacobi . Many inventions were far ahead of the technology of the time and only found applications later. Schilder developed a pontoon bridge system with floating bodies made of rubberized canvas (1836). He also improved the training of military engineers and organized fortification maneuvers . Even Eduard Totleben went through his school.

One of Schilder's special projects was the construction of an all-metal submarine. It is believed that he knew about Kasimir Gavrilovich Chernovsky 's submarine project and adopted some of Chernovsky's ideas. The submarine was built from March to May 1834. The cost was 23,448 rubles . The final tests took place in early June 1834 in the presence of Nicholas I. The first tests took place in late August 1834 in the Neva near Schluesselburg . The project was kept so secret that it left no traces, especially since the project was ended in 1847 by Count Alexander Ivanovich Tschernyschow and Prince Alexander Sergejewitsch Menshikov . In 1857 Konstantin Ivanovich Konstantinow described Schilder's submarine in a publication.

During the Crimean War , Schilder was assigned to the Danube Army in 1854 . By skillfully building a fort , he enabled the destruction of a Turkish flotilla near Russe by Russian batteries . He also distinguished himself in the transition of the army over the Danube at Brăila and in the siege of Silistra . He continuously fought against the hindrances to his own operations. After a severe wound to his leg, he died in the hospital in Călărași.

In 1911, on the initiative of Georgi Solomonowitsch Gabajew and other officers of the Life Guard Sappers Battalion, the remains of Schild were transferred from Călărași to St. Petersburg and buried in the battalion's Cosmas and Damian Church.

Honors

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Шильдер (Карл Андреевич) . In: Brockhaus-Efron . XXXIXa, 1903, p. 572 ([] accessed on).
  2. ↑ a b Энциклопедия Космонавтика: ШИЛЬДЕР Карл Андреевич (accessed July 7, 2018).
  3. ↑ a b Павел Константинов: Первая ракетная подводная лодка . In: Техника и вооружение . No. 4 , 2004, p. 4–10 ( [1] accessed July 7, 2018).
  4. ↑ Great Soviet Encyclopedia : Shil'der, Karl Andreevich (accessed July 7, 2018).
  5. ↑ Кочин И .: Трубная система контрминной борьбы Шилдера . In: Оружие . No. 4 , 2015, p. 8-10 .
  6. ↑ Биографический справочник, т. 5 . Издательство "Белорусская советская энциклопедия" имени Петруся Бровки, Minsk 1982.
  7. ↑ Виктор Гаврыш: Наши капитаны Немо (accessed July 7, 2018).
  8. ↑ Консервация, реставрация и экспонирование памятников военной истории: сборник . 10th edition. ВИМАИВиВС, St. Petersburg 2014, ISBN 978-5-7937-1103-6 , pp. 81-98 .
personal data
SURNAME Sign, Karl Andrejewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Шильдер, Карл Андреевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Baltic-Russian pioneer officer and engineer
DATE OF BIRTH January 7, 1786
PLACE OF BIRTH Simanowo Ujesd Newel (Pskov)
DATE OF DEATH June 23, 1854
Place of death Călărași