Carl Credé (writer)

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People in need! The calamity of the abortion paragraph (§ 218) with 16 pictures by Käthe Kollwitz (C. Reissner, Dresden 1927)

Carl Credé (born January 8, 1878 in Leipzig as Carl Alexander Hoerder , † December 27, 1952 in Celle ) was a German doctor , writer and advocate of impunity for abortions.

Life

Hoerder's parents were the Leipzig medical councilor Leopold Hoerder and his wife Sabine Minka Luise nee. Credé . He attended the St. Thomas School in Leipzig , the pedagogy of the Moravian Brethren in Niesky and the Moravian monastery high school in Hersfeld . After graduating from high school there in 1898, he studied medicine at the University of Leipzig in 1899/1900 . He moved to the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin (1900-1903) and the Friedrichs-Universität Halle (1903/04). He worked for Ernst von Bergmann and Rudolf Renvers as well as at the lung sanatorium in Belzig . In 1906 he passed the medical state examination in Halle. With a (dedicated to his mother) doctoral thesis at Friedrich Hoffmann Albin doctorate he on 19 July 1907 in Leipzig for Dr. med. In 1910 he married Gertrud Neumann , who gave him their daughters Eva and Eleonore in 1911 and 1914. From 1917/18 Carl Hörder-Credé, who in the meantime had also adopted his mother's maiden name, lived in Celle , Lower Saxony .

On his father's side, Credé comes from the long-established Hörder family of merchants and manufacturers from Greiffenberg in Silesia . As such, he was a second uncle of the doctor Max-Hermann Hörder and of the mining entrepreneur Henry Schmill, who worked in England .

Political commitment

After Hoerder had initially viewed the First World War from a national, emperor-loyal standpoint, his experiences as a battalion and hospital doctor later made him a pacifist . During the war, Hoerder designed several Vivat ribbons for the benefit of the Red Cross and the People's Welfare. For a volume published in 1914 by the Prussian purveyor to the court Amsler & Ruthardt, he wrote:

“You wanted peace, you were forced to go to war. Now the Lord God gives you the most wonderful victories. "God save our emperor". What many strived for, you succeeded, you overcame the discord between the parties. The emperor called and everyone all came. Vivat! "

In 1919 he then joined the German Democratic Party , for which he was active between 1919 and 1924 in the Celles Citizens' Board as a local politician. Around 1926/27 he became a member of the SPD and the Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold . He later described his political change from a national to a social democratic standpoint in his 1928 autobiographical novel by a doctor with the title From Corps Student to Socialist .

Fight against Abortion Section 218 and incarceration

In 1926 he was sentenced to two years in prison for illegal abortion , of which he served eleven months. In prison he wrote The Defendant's ABC and the Manuscript on People in Need. The calamity of the abortion paragraph (§ 218) , which appeared in 1927 with illustrations by Käthe Kollwitz . He became widely known for the staging of his play § 218 - Tormented People by Erwin Piscator in 1930.

Persecution during the Nazi era

When the National Socialists came to power in 1933, his plays were no longer performed. His license as a contract doctor was withdrawn. After the war in 1945 he tried to prosecute the perpetrators of the November 1938 pogroms against the Jewish residents of Celle.

corps

After a four-and-a-half year suspension , the Corps Guestphalia Leipzig (the one corps of Father Leopold) declared on July 27, 1899 its "re-establishment". It was made possible by three reactivated old men , a fox and four connoisseurs . The fox was Carl Hoerder. He was the only one of the youngsters who had already fought a length , namely a game of occupants on student fencing weapons from the Corps Lusatia Leipzig against a Saxon from Leipzig . The Paukbuch of the Senior Citizens' Convention in Leipzig (vol. 5, 1895-1904) shows, after Guestphalia's reconstitution, five more roles by Hoerder. The closer Corps on November 1, 1899 recipiert , Hoerder was the only young (non-working) Corp lad . On February 15, 1900 he became consenior , a week later a senior . He was re-elected to the first batch at the beginning of the 1900 summer semester, but resigned on April 29 and took a leave of absence “until he had passed the exam”.

When he seconded a young corps brother on May 4th , his angry father took care of the CC decision “CB Hoerder (xxx) dismissed without a band because of my studies” the next day. In 1901 Hoerder became active in the Corps Guestphalia Berlin , his father's other corps. Guestphalia Leipzig experienced a brief period of prosperity, but then finally failed due to the particularly difficult junior generation in Leipzig. On October 20, 1904, she reported the suspension. Hoerder-Credé left the Corps Guestphalia Berlin in 1923.

Publications

  • The eye dilatation of the newborn: etiology, pathology, therapy and prophylaxis. Karger, Berlin 1913.
  • "God protect our emperor": ... 1914 d. August 1st. For the good of the red cross. Amsler & Ruthardt, Berlin 1914 (silk print, 1 sheet).
  • Tuberculosis and motherhood. Karger, Berlin 1915.
  • as “Credo”: The big idea: The birth of the golden age. Raben-Verlag, Charlottenburg 1919.
  • as "Credo": world headquarters 3115: diary of a millennial. Raben-Verlag, Charlottenburg 1919.
  • People in need! The calamity of the abortion paragraph (§ 218). With 16 creations by Käthe Kollwitz . Carl Reissner, Dresden 1927.
  • From Corps Student to Socialist: A Doctor's Novel. Carl Reissner, Dresden 1928; 2nd edition 1929; Reprint: WJK, Hilden 2003.
  • Women in need: § 218. 1. – 6. Edition. Adalbert Schultz, Berlin 1929.
  • § 218 . JHW Dietz Nachf., Berlin 1930
  • Justice Crisis: Tortured People (Part II): Drama in 3 acts. Dietz Nachf., Berlin 1930.
  • Judicial crisis: acting in 4 acts and dialogues. Arcadia-Verlag, Berlin 1930 (stage manuscript not for sale).
  • Doctors mirror: heretic letters. Adalbert Schultz, Berlin 1930.
  • The white plague: ten pictures. Universal, Berlin-Halensee 1931.

Journal articles (selection)

In: The Socialist Doctor .

  • Medical Association and Section 218. Volume VI (1930), Issue 3, (July), pp. 120–125 digitized

literature

  • Oskar Ansull : About Carl Credé-Hoerder. 2 parts. In: Cellesche Zeitung , Sachsenspiegel. 10./17. August 2019.
  • Carl Credé-Hoerder , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 21/1948 from May 10, 1948, in the Munzinger Archive ( beginning of article freely available)
  • Jürgen Holz: From corps student to socialist - Carl Credé's autobiographical portrait of the time . Einst und Jetzt , Vol. 45 (2000), pp. 147-159.
  • Egbert Weiß : Carl Hoerder-Credé as a Leipzig Westphalian . Einst und Jetzt, vol. 46 (2001), p. 347 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Leopold Hoerder: Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 7 , 164; 148 , 155
  2. ↑ today Rehabilitation Clinic "Hoher Fläming"
  3. ↑ Dissertation: About sanatorium beings
  4. ↑ Carl Credé-Hoerder (Ed.): Vivatband Düna. In: German Historical Museum, inventory no. KTe 81 / 26.100, 1917, accessed on August 10, 2019
  5. ↑ Carl Credé-Hoerder: You wanted peace, you were forced to go to war ... In: Museum of European Cultures, Object Ident. No. D (33X15) 695 / 1982,30, 1914, accessed on August 10, 2019
  6. ^ Carl Credé-Hoerder: From corps student to socialist. WJK Verlag, Dresden 1928
  7. ↑ a b E. Weiss (2001)
  8. ^ Kösener Corpslisten 1910, 7 , 228
  9. ↑ From his political point of view, Hoerder-Credé wanted to break with Corps students. The "exit" from the Corps Guestphalia Berlin, which in his opinion was unavoidable (he apparently did not use the expression "leaving the band") was very difficult for him and even made him "mentally ill for months" (J. Holz, 2000).
personal data
SURNAME Credé, Carl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Credé-Hoerder, CA; Hoerder, Carl; Creed
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor and writer
DATE OF BIRTH January 8, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Leipzig
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1952
Place of death Celle