Karl Spitzner

Karl Spitzner (born November 5, 1876 in Dresden , † January 19, 1951 in Essen ; full name: Karl Justus Friedrich Spitzner ) was a German mining official in the higher service and collector of mining cultural property .

Life and work

Born in the house at Körnerstrasse 7 as the son of the general practitioner Carl Spitzner and the youngest brother of the later district judge Reinhard Spitzner , Karl Spitzner first attended the boys' institute of the private teaching and educational institution of Alexander Bochow in Dresden and then until 1896 the royal high school in Dresden Neustadt. This was followed by a further life and career formative montane scientific studies at the former Royal Mining Academy in Freiberg and a 35-year-old working as a mountain official in the Saxon government service . He sold his extensive mining collection to the museums in Freiberg and Zwickau in the course of his retirement in 1938 .

Studied at the Bergakademie Freiberg

For the "apprenticeship year" 1896/97, Karl Spitzner enrolled at the Bergakademie in Freiberg, where he became a member of the Corps Montania on May 24, 1898 . He was also a member of the Corps Marcomannia Dresden. In 1900 he graduated with the Markscheider - Diploma from. At the beginning of the 20th century, Karl Spitzner was the first from the Dresden line of the Spitzner family to turn to mining . His uncle Gustav Friedrich Spitzner (born June 12, 1844 in Dresden; † November 16, 1910 in Dresden) had spent some time as an "academician" in Freiberg in 1864/67, but had finally joined the Saxon customs and tax administration . Karl Spitzner passed the supplementary diploma examination as a mining engineer in 1901 and was appointed mountain trainee in 1903.

Mining official in Saxony

Between 1903 and 1938 Spitzner worked as a mountain official in Oelsnitz / Erzgeb. , Freiberg and especially in Dresden. He began his professional career as a royal Saxon mountain inspection assistant in Oelsnitz. The Oelsnitz Mining Authority was responsible for coal mining in the area of ​​the administrative authorities of Chemnitz and Glauchau . On May 9, 1904, he married Charlotte Hildebrand in Freiberg (born June 3, 1880 in Freiberg; † November 10, 1953 in Essen), a daughter of the precision mechanic Max Hildebrand , since 1873 part owner of the precision engineering workshop August Lingke & Co. in Freiberg, and his wife Maria Ockel (born March 25, 1842 in Frankenfelde near Luckenwalde ; † July 13, 1908 in Freiberg). In the following year Spitzner published a technical article on underground work safety in the yearbook for mining and metallurgy in the Kingdom of Saxony .

Karl Spitzner, board member of the Dresden Mining Authority , with a mountain smock

Assessor of the mountain subject in Oelsnitz and Freiberg

In the course of his professional activity in Oelsnitz, where the first child Karl-Walter (* February 18, 1905; † November 27, 1992 in Unterägeri / Switzerland) was born, Spitzner passed the examination as an assessor of the mountain subject on June 3, 1907 and moved - now as a mining inspector - to Berginspektion Freiberg III, which at that time was responsible for the commercial mines in Saxony that were operated entirely or partially underground . The birth of their daughter Sigrid (* February 24, 1909 in Freiberg, † September 23, 1977 in Zug / Switzerland) followed soon after . The responsibility of the Freiberg Mining Inspection was meanwhile expanded to include ore mining, insofar as this was not assigned to the Dresden, Zwickau I and Zwickau II mining inspections.

From 1913 taught Karl Spitzner in addition to office at the Royal Mountain School in Freiberg. During the First World War, in which he participated as a non-commissioned officer from 1914, he was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class and then the Silver Military Merit Cross of the Bulgarian National Order 5th Class with Swords.

Board of the Dresden Mining Authority

After his return from the war, Spitzner initially worked for the then mining inspection in Dresden. On the basis of the General Mining Act for the Kingdom of Saxony of August 31, 1910, it was responsible for hard coal mining in the Weißeritz area , lignite mining in the Bautzen district team and ore mining in the Altenberg mining district and in the Bautzen district team.

By 1920 at the latest, Spitzner held the official title of government mountain as a board member of the Dresden mining inspection. In 1923, the Dresden Mining Inspection was converted into a Mining Authority , which was responsible for all mining to the right of the Elbe and in the parts of the administrative authorities of Dresden and Pirna to the left of the Elbe . As a board member of the Mining Authority, he was also an extraordinary member of the superordinate Oberbergamt Freiberg. He also represented the Dresden Mining Office in the mine safety office in the lignite mining sub-group.

In 1938 Karl Spitzner, who lived with his family in the city's own house at 7 Körnerstrasse, retired early as the Oberregierungsbergrat after 35 years of work due to health reasons. He died in Essen in 1951, where his daughter Sigrid Schrader b. Spitzner lived since the 30s. His son Karl-Walter Spitzner emigrated to South Africa with his family in 1949 .

Mining collection

While his father as a collector of porcelain emerged and his eldest brother, the genealogy and the writing turned, Karl gathered Spitzner meticulously in mining, cultural dating back several centuries. In 1938, after lengthy negotiations, he sold his extensive collection and the associated library to the Freiberg City and Mining Museum , which received part of the holdings for silver mining, and to the König Albert Museum in Zwickau under its then director Rudolf von Arps-Aubert . In addition to various kinds of everyday objects such as miners , frog lamps and hackles as well as books, the Spitzner's collection, which the Bergbaumuseum Bochum was also interested in acquiring at times , also contained figurative representations, coins , copper engravings , watercolors , lithographs and hand drawings . The ivory carved and turned vessels and miner's figures from the 18th and 19th centuries are among the most important pieces in today's Zwickau collection, which was first presented to the public in 1939.

Works

• The prevention of the untimely closing of the Aufsetzvorrichtung as well as the resulting dangers, in: Yearbook for the mining and metallurgy in the Kingdom of Saxony. Born in 1905. Published by C. Menzel by order of the Royal Ministry of Finance. Craz & Gerlach, Freiberg o. J., p. 17 ff. ( Tu-freiberg.de ), accessed on September 10, 2011

literature

• Invitation program to the public exams taking place on April 14th, 15th and 16th, 1886 at the teaching and education institute of the director Alexander Bochow. Pässler, Dresden 1886, pp. 13 and 22 ( digital.slub-dresden.de ), accessed on January 11, 2015

• Yearbook for mining and metallurgy in the Kingdom of Saxony for the year 1897. Published by C. Menzel by order of the Royal Ministry of Finance. Craz & Gerlach, Freiberg o. J., p. 218 ( tu-freiberg.de ), accessed on September 10, 2011

• Yearbook for mining and metallurgy in the Kingdom of Saxony. Edited by C. Menzel by order of the Royal Ministry of Finance. Craz & Gerlach, Freiberg o. J., year 1901, p. 256 and 259, year 1902, p. 261 and 265, year 1903, p. 287, year 1904, p. 287, year 1905, p. 283, year 1908, p. 273, year 1909, p. 271, year 1913, p. 280 and 296, year 1917, p. 242 ( tu-freiberg.de ), accessed on September 10, 2011

• Yearbook for mining and metallurgy in Saxony, year 1920, 97th year. Published by Chr. O. Hirsch by order of the Ministry of Finance. Craz & Gerlach, Freiberg o. J., p. 82 ( tu-freiberg.de ), accessed on September 10, 2011

• Erich Weise (Hrsg.): Family chronicle of the Spitzner family. C. Heinrich, Dresden 1936, pp. 53 f., 59 and 66

• Carl Schiffner : From the life of old Freiberg mountain students. Volume 2, Mauckisch, Freiberg 1938, p. 351 f. and 385

• Address book of the Gau and state capital Dresden 1943/44 . Part 2: Self-employed householders. Address book publisher of Dr. Güntzschen Foundation, Dresden 1943, p. 847 ( slub-dresden.de ), accessed on February 1, 2012

• Walter Spitzner: Spitzner family archive. Newsletter. Self-published, Ettlingen 4/1970, p. 2 f., 1/1971, p. 2.

• Manfred Meltzer, Wilfried Stoye: Mining - Art - Customs. An exhibition on the 500th day of the mountain fight May 18 - August 18, 1996. The Spitzner collection of the Zwickau Municipal Museum. An insight. Zwickau 1996.

• Albert Spitzner-Jahn: The Vogtland Spitzner family . 2nd Edition. Self-published, Kamp-Lintfort 2011, pp. 57 and 162 f.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Address list of the Weinheimer SC. 1928, p. 128.