Karl zu Leiningen-Westerburg-Altleiningen
Karl August Graf zu Leiningen-Westerburg-Altleiningen (Hungarian. Leiningen-Westerburg Károly Ágost ; born April 11, 1819 at Ilbenstadt Castle (now part of Niddatal ), Hesse-Darmstadt ; † October 6, 1849 in Arad ) was a Hungarian freedom fighter and General in the war of independence against the domination of the Habsburgs . Previously imperial Austro-Hungarian captain , he is one of the thirteen martyrs of Arad and was executed with them.
family
Karl August was the fourth son of Count Friedrich I. zu Leiningen-Westerburg (1761–1839) from the noble family Leiningen and his second wife Eleonore Maria Magdalena Breitwieser, after the wedding (1813) in 1816 Grand Ducal Hessian nobility as “Frau von Brettwitz ”(1781–1841). His younger brother was Viktor zu Leiningen-Westerburg-Altleiningen (1821-1880). The two had three older brothers and three younger sisters.
Leiningen married Erzsébet Sissányi von Törökbecse in 1844 (born April 26, 1827, † November 18, 1898). The couple had two children:
- Ármin , Hermann Casimir (* July 11, 1848 - † December 27, 1900). Ármin was a captain in the Royal Hungarian Army. After leaving for health reasons, he worked as a civil servant in titles .
- Liza , Lise (Elisabeth / Erzsébet) Victorine Constanze Friederike Eleonore (* April 19, 1844 - January 26, 1913), ⚭ 1873 William Barwell-Barwell, British general. They had three children: Lilien, Henriette and Richard.
His widow married Count József Bethlen in 1854 and had four other children with him.
Life
Zu Leiningen served in 1848 in his uncle's regiment from August Georg from the Neuleiningen line . When the Hungarian Revolution broke out in 1848/1849 he was on vacation in Hungary and joined the rebels without hesitation. In their army he was soon promoted to major and colonel.
Most recently, Graf Leiningen was general and commandant of the third corps. After the intervention of the Russian army, the situation for the Hungarians in 1849 was almost hopeless. Leiningen fought with his corps in the battle of Pered , in June / July near Komorn , then in the battles near Waitzen .
After the capitulations in August 1849, the revolutionary generals were arrested. Feldzeugmeister Julius von Haynau , as the governor of Hungary, ordered their execution on October 6th. Count Leiningen died in Arad with twelve other Hungarian generals on the gallows , on the same day the former Prime Minister Lajos Batthyány was executed in Pest.
Commemoration
In 1911 a memorial for zu Leiningen was erected in Törökbecse, the sculptor was Béla Radnai . The Monument to the Martyrs of Arad was erected in Arad in 1890 . The portraits of the freedom fighters are on the base of the statue. The memorial was stored in 1925 and erected again in spring 2004.
Two memorial plaques in Germany commemorate Karl zu Leiningen-Westerburg-Altleiningen. One was attached to the prelature of Ilbenstadt Monastery in 1999 . In 1819 this served as a castle and is his birthplace. A second plaque and plaque with his portrait is in the Neuleiningen castle ruins .
In Hungary and Serbia, steles in Budapest ( Military History Museum Budapest ), Pécs , Tatabánya and Novi Bečej (Törökbecse) , memorial walls in Kiskőrös and Somoskő and memorial plaques in Jászberény , Gyömrő , Gyula and Kisvárda commemorate today . (Selection)
Commemoration in Neuleiningen
Stele in Pécs
Memorial plaque in Kiskőrös
See also
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Leiningen, Karl August Graf . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 14th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1865, p. 333 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Christoph Tepperberg , Jolán Szijj (ed.): From revolution to reaction. Sources on the military history of the Hungarian Revolution 1848–49 . Böhlau, Vienna a. a. 2005. ISBN 3-205-77549-X .
- Anatole Wacquant: The Hungarian Danube Army 1848–49. Silesian book printing, art a. Publishing house v. S. Schottlaender, Breslau 1900.
Web links
- Gróf Leiningen-Westerburg Károly. In: A Pallas Nagy Lexikona (Hungarian)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Leiningen-Westerburg-Altleiningen, Karl zu |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Leiningen-Westerburg Károly Ágost (Hungarian name); Leiningen-Westerburg-Altleiningen, Karl August Graf zu; Leiningen, Karl Graf too |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Hungarian general in the Revolutionary War 1848/49 |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 11, 1819 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Ilbenstadt Castle (now part of Niddatal , Hessen-Darmstadt ) |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 6, 1849 |
| Place of death | Arad |