Rock Ball Pod

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Rock Ball Pod
Rock ball pods (Kernera saxatilis)

Rock ball pods ( Kernera saxatilis )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe : Kernereae
Genre : Pod ( kernera )
Type : Rock Ball Pod
Scientific name
Kernera saxatilis
( L. ) Sweet

The rock ball pod ( Kernera saxatilis ) is a species of the genus Kugelschötchen ( Kernera ) within the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae). This limestone species thrives in rocky locations in the mountains of Europe.

description

Illustration from Atlas of Alpine Flora
Inflorescences
Pods

Vegetative characteristics

The rock ball pod grows as a wintering green, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 30 centimeters. There are rhizomes formed. The relatively long, sparsely branched stem is hairy in the lower area. The leaves are arranged in basal leaf rosettes and alternately distributed on the stem. The basal leaves are obovate, usually with entire margins, more rarely toothed or pinnately fissured with simple hairs ( trichomes ). The stem leaves are simple, spatulate or elliptical, entire or toothed.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to August. The relatively small flowers are hermaphroditic and fourfold. There are four sepals . The four free petals are white. The ovary is bicameral. The stamens of the longer of the six stamens are curved.

The fruit stalks are protruding. The fruits are called pods because the ratio of length and width is less than 3: 1. These bald pods are spherical with a length of 2 to 3 millimeters (hence the common name spherical pods) or ellipsoid, with a short point. The pods contain four to twelve seeds.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

Occurrence

The distribution area of the rock ball pod is limited to Europe. The rock ball pod is common in the limestone chains of the Alps , Pyrenees , Jura , Apennines , Carpathians and Balkans . It thrives on limestone in the montane to subalpine altitudes and prefers stony lawns, rocks and rubble. It is in Central Europe, a federation characteristic species of Potentillion caulescentis Association. In the Allgäu Alps , it rises in the Tyrolean part on the ridge between Muttekopf and Rotnase at altitudes of up to 2200 meters.

Systematics

The first publication was made of this kind in 1753 under the name Cochlearia saxatilis by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum , 2, page 648. For the integration into the genus Kernera cited two publication: Robert Sweet : Sweet's Hortus Britannicus: or a catalog of plants cultivated in the gardens of Great Britain, arranged in natural orders ... / by Robert Sweet. London , 1827, p. 467 and Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach : Moessler's Handbuch der Gewächskunde , 2nd edition, 2, 1828, p. 1142. The species-poor genus Kernera was converted into plant genera ... , 1792 77, by Friedrich Kasimir Medikus . 95 set up. The generic name Kernera honors the German botanist Johann Simon von Kerner (1755-1830). The specific epithet saxatilis means rock dwelling.

From Kernera saxatilis two subspecies are recognized:

  • Kernera saxatilis subsp. boissieri (Reut.) Charpin & Fern.Casas (Syn .: Kernera boissieri Reut. ): It occurs in Spain.
  • Kernera saxatilis (L.) Sweet subsp. saxatilis

Common names

Exist or for rock-Kugelschötchen also passed the other German trivial name : scurvy grass ( Bernese Oberland ) and alyssum (Bernese Oberland).

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Friedrich Margrave: Dicotyledones 2nd part (Berberidaceae, Lauraceae, Rhoeadales). In: G. Hegi: Illustrated flora of Central Europe . Volume IV, part 1. 2nd edition, Munich 1958–1963.
  • Kernera saxatilis (L.) Sweet, rock ball pods. In: FloraWeb.de. (Section description)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b data sheet at Botanik im Bild - Flora von Österreich , 2005.
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. Page 455. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 610.
  4. ↑ Entry at IPNI .
  5. ↑ Kernera saxatilis at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  6. ↑ Karol Marhold: Brassicaceae. : Kernera saxatilis In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.
  7. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 104. ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Rock Ball Pod ( Kernera saxatilis )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files