Kumehnen Church
The church in Kumehnen was until 1945 the evangelical church of the place known today as Kumatschowo in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad ( Koenigsberg area (Prussia) ). It is a Gothic brick building from the end of the 14th century, which today is only preserved as a ruin .
Geographical location
Kumatschowo is located in the central part of the East Prussian Samland and is 22 kilometers from today's oblast capital Kaliningrad ( Königsberg ). Until 1945 the village belonged to the district of Fischhausen and is now assigned to the Zelenogradsk district (district of Cranz ). A main road runs through the village in an east-west direction, which connects Cholmogorowka (Fuchsberg) on the Kaliningrad – Zelenogradsk highway with Kruglowo (Polennen) on the Russian highway A 192 . The nearest train station is Ostanowotschny Punkt "Op 20 km" in Pereslavskoje (Drugehnen) on the Kaliningrad – Svetlogorsk (Königsberg – Rauschen) railway , the former Samland Railway .
Church building
The Kumehner Ordenskirche dates from the time the village was founded during the tenure of Bishop Heinrich II Kuwal of Samland (1387-1395). The somewhat low nave on a field stone base was built around 1390. The narrow, rectangular, closed choir probably existed as a chapel earlier and is therefore the oldest part of the church. The sacristy with barrel vault was built during the 15th century. The north wall of the church has no windows, the south facade and the choir walls were a number spitzbögiger aperture divided.
The substructure of the tower, together with the nave , was made of field stone mixed with brick. Before the end of the 15th century, the tower was raised by one floor with bricks.
The vaulted nave, originally consisting of five bays , was completed after the collapse of the star vault in 1640 with a flat, elliptically curved wooden ceiling. As part of the construction work, a gallery was drawn in on the north wall in 1643 . In 1704 the wooden ceiling was painted with biblical motifs.
The rich interior of the church contained valuable pieces from the Middle Ages, such as a granite baptismal font from the religious era; Gothic pews, as well as a baptismal font from the 15th century. The artistically carved doors with distinctive locks came from this very time. Remnants of medieval wall paintings could be made out under the whitewash.
The wall altar was designed in 1676 by the Königsberg sculptor Johann Pfeffer and is provided with columns, auricle and other carved ornaments. The pulpit and a wooden baptistery were also built at the end of the 17th century. The organ was the work of Max Terletzki from Königsberg (Prussia) in 1884. Two of the three bells were cast in Königsberg around the middle of the 18th century, the oldest from the time of the order.
Despite fierce fighting over the nearby Galtgarben , the church remained almost unscathed during World War II . Only the tower was damaged in 1945. It was removed in the 1950s. The west side of the substructure collapsed in 1989, while the east side of the superstructure is still standing. The roof of the choir has collapsed, as has a yoke. The roof of the nave shows strong signs of decay. The furnishings of the church have been destroyed.
After 1945 the church was repurposed and used as a warehouse. Since 2009 there has been the possibility of restoring the building, which was included in a program of restorations on a large scale as a project of the monument office . Financial resources were also promised. The architect Manfred Thon created a security concept for the Kumehner Church in February 2005, and a usage concept is still being worked on. In 2000, the Kumehnen / Kumatschjowo e. V. , who wanted to save the church from complete ruin. The association has since ceased its activities after no agreement on the progress of the restoration work could be reached with the Russian Orthodox Church as the new owner of the building and the local authorities.
Parish
Even before the Reformation, Kumehnen was a church village, which lies exactly in the middle of the Samland and whose parish was divided into an east and a west area by the Alkgebirge . In the 14th century the parish was looked after by the pastor in Medenau (today Russian: Logwino). The Reformation found its way here relatively early. Until 1945 the parish belonged to the parish of Fischhausen (now Russian: Primorsk) in the ecclesiastical province of East Prussia the Prussian Union of churches . In 1925, 2328 parishioners were registered in the parish of Kumehnen.
Parish places
Before 1945, more than twenty localities (* = school locations) belonged to the parish of Kumehnen:
| Surname | Russian name | Surname | Russian name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dallwehnen | Kamyshinka | * Cumulus | Kumachovo | |
| Drebnau | Seljony Gai | Marienhof | Novo-Pereslavskoye | |
| Drug stretching | Pereslavskoye | Nastrehnen | Kamyshinka | |
| Galt sheaves | Pentekins | |||
| Great Drebnau | Seljony Gai | * Pojerstieten | Kolodzy | |
| * Groß Ladtkeim | Jasnovka | Prilacken | Bratskoje | |
| Hortlauken | Reessen | |||
| lime | * Seefeld | Prostornoje | ||
| Stolen women | Victory thick | |||
| Klein Drebnau | Molochnoye | Spallwitten | ||
| Small Ladtkeim | Taplacken | Talpaki | ||
| Kobjeiten | Wernershof | |||
| Kotzlauken | Tumanowka | * Wiekau | Khrustalnoye, now: Kolossowka |
Pastor
From the Reformation to 1945, there were 24 pastors as Protestant clergy:
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Church records
The following church registers from the Kumehnen parish have been preserved and are kept in the Evangelical Central Archive in Berlin-Kreuzberg :
- Baptisms: 1895 to 1940
- Weddings: 1807 to 1944
- Burials: 1865-1885.
literature
- K. Bergau: The church to Kumehnen in Samland. In: Old Prussian monthly. Volume 3, Königsberg i. Pr. 1866, pp. 558-563 ( books.google.de ).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume II: Pictures of East Prussian Churches. Göttingen, 1968, pp. 33 to 34, figures 37 and 38.
- ↑ Kumatschowo - Kumehnen at ostpreussen.net
- ^ Anton Ulbrich : Pfeffer, Johann . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 26 : Olivier – Pieris . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1932, p. 526 .
- ↑ a b Patrick Plew: The churches in Samland: Kumehnen.
- ↑ Internet presence of the Kumehnen / Kumatschjowo e. V.
- ↑ Ursel and Lothar Dufke, Heimat here and there - with picture chronology of the Ordenskirche in Kumehnen from 1945 to today ( memento of the original from April 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume III: Documents. Göttingen, 1968, p. 454.
- ↑ Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945. Hamburg, 1968, p. 29.
- ^ Christa Stache: Directory of the church records in the Evangelical Central Archives in Berlin. Part I: The eastern church provinces of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union. Berlin, 1992³, p. 74.
Coordinates: 54 ° 49 ′ 13.2 ″ N , 20 ° 12 ′ 45.4 ″ E