Seebach Monastery
| Seebach Monastery | ||
|---|---|---|
 Seebach Monastery Church , Bad Dürkheim |
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| Data | ||
| place | Bad Dürkheim | |
| Construction year | before 1136 | |
| demolition | Modern times with the exception of the church | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 27 '3.1 " N , 8 ° 9' 28" E | |
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Seebach Monastery is a submerged Benedictine monastery in Bad Dürkheim , Seebach district , Rhineland-Palatinate , from which the Romanesque convent church has been preserved.
location
The monastery was located on the southern outskirts of Seebach.
Leftovers
From Seebach Monastery there is still the Romanesque Seebach Monastery Church in the Bad Dürkheim district of the same name . The crossing with the octagonal tower and the choir of the originally larger convent church as well as the ruins of the two transepts have been preserved. The church became the landmark of the Seebach community and is part of the town's coat of arms.
history
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According to Johannes Trithemius, the monastery was first mentioned in a document in 1136. At that time it already existed and was under the supervision of the nearby Limburg Abbey . A knight Siegfried von Seebach is handed down as the founder, but his identity has not yet been clarified. Most of the nuns came from aristocratic families and had received special rights and freedoms from Bishop Siegfried II von Wolfsölden , which his successors Günther von Henneberg and Gottfried II confirmed. The latter's certificate, issued in 1166, states that the sisters had their own cemetery at that time, in which people belonging to the monastery as well as strangers could be buried. They had the free choice of their headmistress, who was to be introduced into their office by the Limburg abbot without objection, and they were allowed to accept any innocent woman into their community, but with the knowledge and will of the abbot.
The construction of the high-quality monastery church is scheduled around the year 1200. It was a three-aisled, Romanesque pillar basilica with a flat ceiling, which was consecrated to St. Laurentius .
In 1196 the convent acquired the Osthof estate near Wachenheim on the Weinstrasse from the Hausen monastery , not far from the Villa Rustica , which was later excavated . The Mundhardter Hof near Bad Dürkheim was also part of the monastery property , a nun from Worms had brought it in as an inheritance when she entered.
In 1210 the Seebach nuns complained to the Speyer bishop Konrad III. von Scharfenberg via the Limburg abbot Konrad III. freed it from its supervisory authority and, as the current abbey, placed it directly under the episcopal see. In this regard, Abbess Irmentrude had a memorial stone made and walled in in a clearly visible place for eternal memory .
In 1401 the convent advanced 100 gold guilders to the city of Dürkheim and committed itself to the annual delivery of 64 wheels of cheese because of the grazing rights. In 1413 there is evidence of an estate belonging to the monastery in Fußgönheim , in 1414 the sisters leased a house in Worms that they owned , and in 1466 monastery properties in Horchheim . During the siege of Dürkheim by Elector Friedrich von der Pfalz in 1471, the Elector used the monastery as a base for his army camp and his wagon castle.
Around 1500, the convent experienced a heyday under the educated Abbess Richmunde von der Horst († 1520). She spoke Latin and had an extensive correspondence with the learned Abbot Johannes Trithemius from Sponheim . He was also a visitor to the monastery and stayed in Seebach numerous times.
When Abbess Richmunde and many sisters fell victim to an epidemic in 1520, Bishop Georg von Speyer turned to Scholastika Göler von Ravensburg , the abbess of the Frauenalb monastery and sister of Speyer canon David Göler von Ravensburg , so that she could name a suitable and eager successor for Seebach . She proposed Elisabeth von Nippenburg , who led the Seebach convent in an exemplary manner and with great skill until her death in 1532. Some tombstones show further connections between the von Nippenburg family and Seebach, including an elaborate alliance coat of arms tombstone for a woman from Nippenburg, née. von Wieland († 1557).
resolution
In 1563, her relative Margaretha von Nippenburg was elected abbess. Both the Counts of Leiningen as patrons of the monastery and the mighty Electoral Palatinate had meanwhile become supporters of the Reformation . Both threatened the convention with its dissolution. At the Speyer Diet of 1570, the abbess therefore asked Emperor Maximilian II to protect the empire. Despite the letter of protection he received, the Palatinate regent blocked the monastery's income from his possessions there. Since Seebach was once subordinate to the Limburg monastery, whose patronage he had also taken on, Count Palatine Johann Casimir asked the nuns to pay homage to him as patron, had all goods and the inventory of the monastery recorded forcibly and forbade the acceptance of further conventuals. So it came about that in 1588, apart from the abbess, only one choir sister lived in Seebach. As the actual patron, the Count of Leiningen complained to the Reich Chamber of Commerce . Regardless of this, on May 26, 1589, Johann Casimir sent the Neustadt Vice-Cathedral Thomas Blarer with a horse troop to the Seebach Monastery and, under threat of plunder, again demanded the homage which the abbess made under duress. As a now "recognized" patron, he had the monastery permanently occupied by 20 mercenaries, which made further convent life impossible. The abbess then withdrew to Speyer , receiving a pension , and the spiritual life in Seebach died out.
Count Palatine Johann Casimir took possession of the monastery and all its inventory. He kept the latter and leased the former in 1591 to the Dürkheim citizen Hanns Stern; he compensated the Count of Leiningen in 1593.
When the Limburg Monastery revived for a short time during the Thirty Years' War , under the protection of the Imperial Army and the Spaniards, Seebach Monastery temporarily became the residence of the last abbess of Rupertsberg Monastery , Anna Lerch von Dirmstein , in 1645 .
The village of Seebach grew out of the resident monastery community, but even more from the settlers who came to what is now agricultural property after the dissolution of the convent.
Across from today's main entrance to the church, in the area of the former nave, there is a modern sandstone frieze on the history of the monastery.
Frieze on the history of the monastery
Frieze on the history of the monastery, part 1
Frieze on the history of the monastery, part 2
Frieze on the history of the monastery, part 3
Frieze on the history of the monastery, part 4
literature
- Franz Xaver Remling : Documented history of the former abbeys and monasteries in what is now Rhine Bavaria. Volume 1, Neustadt an der Haardt, 1835, pp. 168-181; (Digital scan)
- Johann Georg Lehmann : History of the Limburg Monastery near Dürckheim an der Haardt. Frankenthal (Pfalz), 1822, pp. 94-99; (Digital scan)
- Michael Frey : Attempt of a geographical-historical-statistical description of the royal Bavarian Rhine district. Volume 2, Speyer 1836, pp. 494-498; (Digital chip)
- Berthold Schnabel: From the history of the Seebach monastery, in: Seebach. Lived history in words and pictures, Bad Dürkheim 2016, pp. 32–151.
Web links
- Chronicle of the monastery and the church of Seebach
- Website of the Seebach Monastery
- Ballad about Seebach Monastery , in: Palatine sheets for history, poetry and entertainment , No. 132, from November 4, 1853
- "Benedictine convent Seebach, Bad Dürkheim" (GSN: 40255), in: Germania Sacra, http://klosterdatenbank.germania-sacra.de/gsn/40255
Individual evidence
- ^ Alfons Schäfer: Upper Rhine Studies. Volume III (Festschrift for Günther Haselier), Springer-Verlag, 2013, p. 177 u. 178, ISBN 3662246120 ; (Digital scan)
- ^ Franz Xaver Remling : Documentary history of the former abbeys and monasteries in what is now Rhine Bavaria , Volume 1, Neustadt an der Haardt, 1835, p. 169; (Digital scan)
- ↑ Website for Villa Rustica Wachenheim with mention of the Osthof ( memento of the original from April 5, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ website on the history of mouth Hardter court
- ^ Anton Philipp Brück (Ed.): Hildegard von Bingen: 1179–1979 - Festschrift for the 800th anniversary of the death of the saints . Verlag der Gesellschaft für Mittelrheinische Kirchengeschichte, 2nd edition, Mainz 1998, pp. 374–376, ISBN 3-929135-19-1
