Kristeinbach (Danube)

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Kristeinbach
Kristeiner Bach, Simsenbergbach, Penkinger Bach, Feilbach
Data
Water code AT : HZB: 2-130, GGN: 956
location near Enns , Upper Austria
Drain over Danube  → Black Sea
River basin district Danube below Jochenstein (DUJ)
origin for Wolfern
48 ° 4 ′ 29 ″  N , 14 ° 22 ′ 47 ″  E
Source height 358  m above sea level A.
muzzle Danube tributary near Enns-Enghagen Coordinates: 48 ° 14 ′ 22 ″  N , 14 ° 29 ′ 10 ″  E 48 ° 14 ′ 22 ″  N , 14 ° 29 ′ 10 ″  E
Mouth height 240  m above sea level A.
Height difference 118 m

length approx. 25 km 
Catchment area approx. 120 km² 
Left tributaries Kroisbach , Fuchsbach , Hagleiten Bach (Fällbach) , Weidlhamer Bach , Kronaubach
Right tributaries Thannerbach , Stallbach (Moosbachl, Bleicherbach)
Communities Wolfern , Hargelsberg , Hofkirchen iT , St. Florian , Enns

The Kristeinbach , also Kristeiner Bach or Kristeinerbach , on the upper reaches also Simsenbergbach or Simsenberger Bach , on the middle reaches Penkinger Bach or Penkingerbach or Feilbach , is an approximately 25 km long right tributary of the Danube near Enns in Upper Austria .

course

The Kristeinbach runs in the middle of the eastern Traun-Enns-Platte , the pre-alpine Riedelland of the Traunviertel .

It forms south of Wolfern , only a few kilometers northwest of Steyr . In the upper reaches it drains a ditch near Rad , the Lerchensiedlung and Judendorf , in which there are some ponds, including the Enzengarn forest . A second trench stretches towards Wolfern in a south-westerly direction to Pachschallern .

From there it flows mainly northwards through a wide valley, without any large towns directly on the run. It passes the hamlets of Lichtkogl and Rempersberg , the Kothmühle, Ipfmühle and Hubmühle, and then Bruck near Hausleiten and Volkersdorf , below Tillysburg . Here, already in the urban area of ​​Enns near Eckmayermühle, at the A1 junction Enns West , the stream reaches the level of the Linzer Feld .

It now turns north-east again and flows through Kristein and Einsiedl , runs north past Lorch and passes Enghagen . A little further on, it flows into a tributary of the Danube , which stretches from the Kristeinbach estuary to Enghagen am Tabor opposite Mauthausen .

Surname

Simsenbergbach (upper course) and Penkinger Bach (middle course) refer to the places Simsenberg and Penking , which are above the brook on the Riedel, Kristeinbach / Kristeinerbach to the place Kristein am Unterlauf.

The medieval name was - together with the western parallel stream of the Danube, the Ipfbach near St. Florian and Asten - Ipfbach , approx. 719 is “ inter duo flumina que vocantur Ipphas ” (German: “between two rivers that are called Ipf”) . For 777, the founding document of the Kremsmünster Abbey containsinter utrasque Ipfas ” in the same meaning (probably from Epia to Celtic epic “horse”, thus “Rossbach”). The Ipfmühle on the brook reminds of this, where - among other things - the old Ipf Castle can be assumed. It is unknown whether the name of the settlement Rossberg, located directly on the Simsembergbach (in the Wolfern municipality), could be associated with the name "Rossbach".

Hydrology

Enghagen branch of the Danube
River basin district Danube below Jochenstein (DUJ)
Diversion from the Danube near Enghagen
48 ° 14 ′ 20 ″  N , 14 ° 28 ′ 58 ″  E
Source height 240  m
muzzle into the Danube opposite Mauthausen
48 ° 14 ′ 33 ″  N , 14 ° 29 ′ 40 ″  E
Mouth height 240  m
Height difference marginal

length approx. 1 km 
Right tributaries Kristeinbach
Communities Enns
Relief channel of a tail unit; hydrographically listed as part of the Kristeinbach

Catchment area

The Kristeinbach, together with the Ipfbach, drains the eastern Traun-Enns-Riedelland between the extensive area of ​​the Traun and the Enns , to which only the direct eastern slope descends. The Kristeinbach catchment area comes within a few hundred meters of the Enns from Kronsdorf to the city of Enns and from Sierning - Untergründberg .

The catchment area of the Kristeinbach is about 90 km² up to the crossing of the federal highway 1 in Kristein. In the lower reaches, in particular, as in the other bodies of water in the Traun-Enns-Platte, there is a strong exchange with the groundwater , the course of which is determined by the geological conditions that do not match the shape of the surface. As a result, the hydrologically effective catchment area differs from that determined on the surface. Nominally, the catchment area in the Linzer Feld covers approx. 7 km². In addition, there is the catchment area of ​​the Stallbach with about 20 km² and the Kronaubach with 5 km². Overall, the Kristeinbach drains a good 120 km².

Tributaries

Side streams are in the upper reaches the Bach von Spitzenburg , the Kroisbach von Niederlindach bei Roßberg , the Fuchsbach von Wickendorf bei Kothmühle and the Hagleiten Bach (Fällbach) from Oberlindach bei Hubmühle, the Bach bei Winkling , the Mausbach bei Distlberg , which all left the area to the Drain Ipfbach; then the Thannerbach near Hausleiten / Bruck, that is the right parallel brook between Kristeinbach and Stallbach to the east; the little brook of Tillysburg ; the Weidlhamer Bach near Eckmayermühle, also towards the Ipfbach; as well as the Stallbach (Moosbachl, Bleicherbach) near Lorch, the parallelbach between Thannerbach and Enns; finally the Kronaubach , which drains the Linzerfeld up the Danube.

Historic estuary

In the 18th century the brook flowed into the Kühwampe , an oxbow river of the Danube (today's Kronaubach), which flowed into the Enghager Wasser (now silted up ) as a tributary of the Danube. There was also the grounds of the Enghagen salt port. At that time the Danube meandered from Ifpdorf and Fisching, which is now lost, past Schloss Spielberg (this one on the right bank) over to Langenstein and Mauthausen . The common name of Ipfbach and Kristeinbach in the High Middle Ages and the old salt port of Enghagen suggests a more direct confluence here in the area, the construction of the Roman military camp Lauriacum perhaps even with a delta arm of the Enns.

Today's tributary of the Danube is a tail unit that emerged from the Kristeinbach estuary and the Danube oxbow lakes in the course of the Danube regulations and is intended to protect the shipping canal and especially the entrance to the downstream Mauthausen bridge from silting up. The dam was built in the late 20th century and originally stretched almost as far as Mauthausen. In 2009 it was dismantled and revitalized parallel to the Hamberger Altarm project . The hard river construction with armor stones was shortened significantly, replaced by artificial gravel banks and islands and a better water inlet was designed.

Ecology and building

Its bank area is still relatively natural with a wood border . The stream is used intensively for hydropower. There are around a dozen weir systems, all of them small old mills or saws, the total output of all systems is only around 150 kW. The municipal sewage treatment plants in Hofkirchen and Hargelsberg were closed, and the wastewater is now directed to the large plant in Asten.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d Kristeinbach , Simsenbergbach , Penkinger Bach , Feilbach in the Austrian map ; Kristeinbach in HZB: Area Directory ; Kristeiner Bach according to Upper Austria. Water book (DORIS: Waters: Small Waters, Reporting Waters Network, Detailed Catchment Areas; origin according to the waterway path, deviating in ÖK; stationing 25.9001 km runs on the waterway path from Mauthausen including the Danube tributary).
  2. D KdGr No. 196; Information in Isolde Hausner, Elisabeth Schuster: Old German name book: the tradition of place names in Austria and South Tyrol from the beginnings to 1200. Volume 1, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1989, ISBN 978-3-7001-1617-2 , p. 559 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ^ K. Schiffmann: Historisches Ortnames-Lexikon des Landes Oberösterreich , Vol. 3 (1940), p. 261; quoted in Baumert 1973.
  4. a b c d Office of Upper Austria. State government (publisher): Water protection report 24/2001: Traun-Enns-Platte. Linz 2001, especially 4.1.1. Hydrography: Kristeinerbach , p. 6 f; 4.2. Hydrogeology , p. 7 f; 4.3.1. Urban water management: Kristeinerbach , p. 9; 4.3.2.1. Use of hydropower: Kristeinerbach , p. 10 f; 6.1. Results: Kristeinerbach , p. 15 ff ( PDF (88.5 MB) on ZOBODAT ) - in particular also map of the catchment areas Sipbach, Ipfbach and Kristeinerbach , p. 14 (17).
  5. The map of Austria above and below the Enns (1809–1818) - Franziszeische Landesaufnahme gives the name Enghager Wasser , the Franzisco-Josephinische Landesaufnahme (around 1880) already shows the incipient silting up (all land recordings online on Arcanum / Austrian State Archives: mapire.eu ).
  6. A common Ipfbach / Kristeinbach estuary can be found (schematically) in: Georg Matthäus Vischer: Archiducatus Austriae Superioris Descriptio , 1667; Nicolas Visscher : Austriae Archiducatus Pars Superior , 1702 (both online as layers in DORIS: subject of historical land recordings) .
  7. W. Katzinger suspects a still medieval ship canal to Reintal (on the Enns): Comments on the topography of Enns in the Middle Ages. In: Mitteilungen des Museumsverein Lauriacum (MMVL), NF 25, 1987, p. 17;
    According to the Vienna City and State Archives, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Urban History Research (Ed.): Upper Austrian City Atlas: Enns. Note 105 (online mapire.eu).
  8. cf. DORIS, topic addresses / orthophotos , layer historical orthophotos: 1975 some alluvial islands; 1993, 2001, 2006 the original longer system.
  9. viadonau: Annual Report on Danube Shipping 09. Brochure, May 1, 2009, chapter Off to new shores! A plus for the environment and shipping. In: p. 31 (pdf on viadonau.org , accessed June 20, 2018; p. 16 there).
  10. Näsling and Huchen project. Website of the Enns fishing club (fvenns.at), undated, accessed June 20, 2018.
  11. ^ The banks of the Danube in Enghagen are being rebuilt. In: Oberösterreichische Nachrichten online (nachrichten.at), April 23, 2009.
  12. ^ Office of Upper Austria. Provincial government, nature conservation department (ed.): Nature and landscape - models for Upper Austria. Volume 38: Traun-Enns-Riedelland spatial unit . Linz 2007, Chapter A5.4 Water system: Kristeinerbach (with Feilbach, Penkinger Bach, Fällbach, Hagleitenbach, Igelbach, Thanner Bach, Simsenbergerbach and Fuchsbach) , p. 21 ( PDF ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info : The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. , 6.8 MB; land-oberoesterreich.gv.at). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.land-oberoesterreich.gv.at