Leander Anguissola

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Map of the Second Turkish Siege of Vienna, 1683
Floor plan of Vienna with its suburbs and the line wall, 1704

Leander Anguissola , actually Leandro Anguissola (born May 10, 1653 in Piacenza , † August 30, 1720 in Vienna ) was a cartographer , educator , engineer and lieutenant colonel in the Austrian service.

Life

Leander Anguissola is said to come from an originally English family called von Surdus . The family name is said to have developed from a battle cry in the 8th century that referred to the family, Anguis sola fecit victoriam , in German the snake alone brought about the victory . The family later moved to Italy, where they produced well-known personalities. Anguissola was born as the son of Giulio Cesare and his wife Maria Francesca Dundi, daughter of an imperial chamber courier, in Piacenza, where the family worked for a long time. He had a brother Angelo, who was in command from 1715.

In 1680 he entered the Austrian military. During the siege of Vienna he did not stay in the city, although this is announced on a document. On November 22nd, 1684 he was promoted to a sub-engineer in Vienna with a payment of 800 guilders per year. On April 26, 1685 he was promoted to captain . One year after his marriage in 1688, Anguissola built a house on the Mölkerbastei . He was in the furnace in 1690 and went to Prague as an engineer in June of the next year . At his own request, he had been a lieutenant colonel since June 1701 . On June 17, he was also given the post of chief engineer in Vienna with a salary of 1200 guilders a year.

On March 30, 1710, Anguissola announced plans for an engineering college. In this mathematics as well as engineering should be taught, Anguissola himself wanted to act as director. In February of the next year, Count Breuner accepted the proposal. In December 1717 Anguissola was appointed director of the Vienna Academy, and it was finally opened on January 8 of the next year. Anguissola taught architecture, mathematics, arithmetic, geometry, statics and mechanics at this mathematical engineering academy.

Due to his cartographic talent, he was in 1718 by Emperor Charles VI. appointed professor and head of the engineering and mathematics academy in Vienna. On January 15, 1715 he was raised to the rank of Conte di Travo and died five years later in Vienna. He left five children, Mathias, Josephus, Katharina, Maria Anna and Johanna. The daughter Maria Anna (or Marianna) from his marriage to Maria Francesca Donati married Luigi Gonzaga di Castiglione (1680–1768) in 1715. The grandson of the same name was the last Gonzaga to bear the title of Principe di Castiglione (titular Prince of Castiglione ), with him this branch line died out in 1819.

Works

His first map - Vienna a Turcis obsessa et Deo dante a Christianis eliberata - depicts Vienna in 1683 during the Second Turkish Siege of Vienna . His main cartographic work, however, was a map of Vienna including the suburbs and the Danube Islands. This map appeared in 1706, was 5½ feet wide and 4½ feet high, and is very rare today due to its limited circulation. Johann Baptist Homann and Gottlieb Konrad Pfeffel printed this map in a reduced size.

review

Carl von Haradauer described Anguissola as a well-deserved military man with good knowledge, which he used as an engineer, cartographer and educator.

literature

Web links

Notes and individual references

  1. Wiener Zeitung : Vienna plan discovered from 1706 , accessed on June 10, 2018
  2. Wurzbach writes born in Italy 1670, died in Vienna Aug. 30, 1730 . Von Haradauer refutes these data as incorrect. The Austria Forum also gives May 10, 1653 as the date of birth.
  3. Wurzbach gives 1700.
  4. ^ Leander Anguissola in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
  5. Varrentrapp and Wenner: New Genealogical Reichs- und Staats-Handbuch for the year 1797: Gonzaga di Castiglione and Solferino , p. 102 , accessed on June 11, 2018
  6. by Haradauer, pp. 106/107