Leonora Carrington

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Leonora Carrington (born April 6, 1917 in Clayton Green, Chorley , Lancashire , England , † May 25, 2011 in Mexico City ) was a British - Mexican surrealist artist, writer and playwright . In 1938 she took part in the later legendary Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme in Paris.

Life

Leonora Carrington was born in Clayton Green, Lancashire. Her father was a wealthy textile manufacturer; she grew up in the mansion of Crookhey Hall. She studied at the Chelsea School of Art in London and at the Academy of Amédée Ozenfant .

As an art student, she met Max Ernst , 26 years her senior, in Paris in 1937 , with whom she lived in a remote farmhouse in Saint-Martin-d'Ardèche until he was arrested in 1940 after the occupation of France . Leonora Carrington is one of those women in art whose work is still often reduced to her brief relationship with a famous artist, in her case with Max Ernst. In later years she fought vehemently against this one-sided fixation. After his arrest, she fled to Spain , collapsed on the way and was temporarily taken to a sanatorium. She processed the traumatic time in the report below . Max Ernst met her again by chance in Lisbon. He was accompanied by the wealthy American art patron Peggy Guggenheim , who was his sponsor. Carrington fled to the United States and moved to Mexico in 1942, where she lived until her death. While on the run, she met the Mexican writer Renato Leduc at the Mexican embassy in Lisbon . Both married, and the couple divorced shortly thereafter. In Mexico in 1946 she married the photographer and later photojournalist Emérico "Chiki" Weisz (1911–2007), a friend and former colleague of Robert Capa , with whom she had two sons and lived together until his death.

Work and meaning

Cocodrilo on the Paseo de la Reforma . Carrington donated the sculpture to Mexico City in 2000, and it was moved to its current location in 2006.

Her style encompasses several areas of dark mysticism , which makes her surrealistic style very individual. Her encounter with Max Ernst influenced her artistic practice. Joint works were created, such as the oil painting The Encounter (1939) and sculptures for her garden. However, Carrington emphasizes:

"I didn't feel like I was becoming a genius just because I met Max. No, it wasn't like that. You see, before I met Max, all of my energy was in painting, then I fell in love with him, and that I continued to love painting. "

Through Ernst, she also met Joan Miró and André Breton in Paris. Her first exhibitions were in Paris and Amsterdam together with other surrealist painters. Her depictions of dreams, fantasies, ghosts, frightful figures and conclaves are totally fantastic and show the deep roots of Mexican culture and its legends in a magical world. Most of her pictures depict landscapes.

Her special style was not only evident in painting. Her one-act play A Flannel Nightdress , created in Mexico in 1945, is a bizarre piece with surreal (dream) characters, while elements of (sometimes self-deprecating) magical realism can be found in her prose . In 1946 she took part in the Bel Ami competition with her version of the Temptation of Saint Anthony . In 2005 she received the Medalla de Oro de Bellas Artes (Gold Medal of Fine Arts). On the occasion of her 90th birthday in 2007, there was no retrospective, but a sculpture exhibition with her new works opened in Mexico City .

prose

  • La Maison de la Peur. 1938. German: The house of fear. Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 2008, ISBN 3-518-22427-1 .
  • La dame oval. 1939. With seven collages by Max Ernst . German: The oval lady. Magical tales. Qumran, Frankfurt am Main, Paris 1982, ISBN 3-88655-172-5 .
  • The debutante. 1939. Short story.
  • El Mundo Magico de Los Mayas. 1964. With illustrations by Leonora Carrington.
  • The Hearing Trumpet. 1976. German: The ear tube. Translation by Tilman Spengler . Insel, Frankfurt am Main 1980, ISBN 3-458-04919-3 .
  • En bas. 1940. Autobiography. German: Below. Translation by Edmund Jacoby . Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1981, ISBN 3-518-01737-3 .
  • Bride of the Wind - Bizarre Tales , Edition Nautilus 2009 ISBN 978-3-89401-602-9 .

Dramas

  • Une chemise de nuit de flanelle. 1951. German: A flannel nightgown. Qumran, Frankfurt am Main, New York 1985, ISBN 3-88655-211-X .
  • La Fête de l'agneau ( Eng . The Feast of the Lamb ) 1940.
  • La invención del mole. 1960.

painting

  • Retrato de Max Ernst , portrait, 1939
  • The Temptation of Saint Anthony , oil on canvas, 1946
  • Baby Giant , tempera on wood, approx. 1947, 10 × 69.2 cm, Christie's Sale 2173 from 28/29. May 2009
  • Arca de Noé
  • El mundo magico de los mayas
  • Temple of the world
  • El baño de los pájaros
  • Autorretrato en el albergue del caballo de Alba (self-portrait), image from the Jacques Gelman collection
  • Torre de la memoria
  • Green Tea (The Oval Lady) , 1942, oil on canvas, 61 × 76 cm, Héctor Fanghanel Collection, Mexico
  • The Great Badger Appears to the Servants of the Lord , 1986, tempera on wood, 61 × 67 cm, private collection
  • The House Opposite , 1945, oil on panel, 33 × 82 cm, The Trustees of the Edward James Foundation collection, Inglaterra
  • Temple of the World , 1954, oil on canvas, 100.5 × 80 cm, private collection
  • Crocodile (fountain model), 2006, bronze, 70 × 82 × 16.5 cm, private collection

literature

  • Speaking of Leonora Carrington. With an essay by Tilman Spengler. New Critique, Frankfurt am Main 1995, ISBN 3-8015-0279-1 .
  • Thomas Ballhausen : '' Of citizens and beasts. '' Vampirism and lycanthropy in Leonora Carrington's Das Fest des Lamms and Elfriede Jelinek's Bählamms Fest, in: Quarber Merkur 91/92, Franz Rottensteiner's literary magazine for science fiction and fantasy, Passau 2000. ISBN 978 -3-932621-32-1
  • Karoline Hille: Women's Games. Women artists in surrealism . Belser, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-7630-2534-3
  • Silvana Schmid: Loplop's secret. Max Ernst and Leonora Carrington in southern France . anabas, Frankfurt a. M. 2003, ISBN 978-3-87038-338-1
  • Joanna Moorhead: The Surreal Life of Leonora Carrington . Virago, 2017

Fiction

Web links

Commons : Leonora Carrington  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ El adiós a Leonora Carrington, la “novia del viento” (Spanish)
  2. ↑ Quoted from William Grimes' obituary in the New York Times .
  3. ↑ He had previously been interned as an " enemy alien ".
  4. ↑ Karoline Hille: Games of women - artists in surrealism . Belser Verlag, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-7630-2534-3 , pp. 113 .
  5. ↑ Kirsten Einfeldt: Die wilde Muse , www.tagesspiegel.de, accessed on August 4, 2011.
  6. ↑ Leonora Carrington: Surrealist painter and sculptor who found her artistic and spiritual home in Mexico , independent.co.uk, May 28, 2011, accessed December 23, 2015.
  7. ^ Cocodrilo, de Leonora Carrington, posa en su nuevo lecho de agua sobre Reforma . Retrieved July 27, 2015.
  8. ^ Tilman Spengler: speaking of Leonora Carrington . Verl. New Critique, Frankfurt a. M. 1995, ISBN 3-8015-0279-1 , pp. 133 .
  9. ↑ Kirsten Einfeldt: Die wilde Muse , www.tagesspiegel.de, accessed on August 4, 2011.
  10. ↑ Surrealism and “Aufbruches Musiktheater” , beckmesser.de, accessed on May 28, 2016
personal data
SURNAME Carrington, Leonora
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Carrington, Eleonora (Spanish)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mexican surrealist painter, writer and playwright of British descent
DATE OF BIRTH April 6, 1917
PLACE OF BIRTH Clayton Green, Chorley , Lancashire , England
DATE OF DEATH May 25, 2011
PLACE OF DEATH Mexico City