Lichnowy
| Lichnowy | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Malbork | ||
| Gmina : | Lichnowy | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 7 ' N , 18 ° 55' E | ||
| Residents : | |||
| Postal code : | 82-224 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 55 | ||
| License plate : | GMB | ||
Lichnowy ( German Groß Lichtenau ) is a village and seat of the rural municipality of the same name in the powiat Malborski of the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship .
Geographical location
The village is located in the former West Prussia , in the Großer Marienburger Werder, about twelve kilometers northwest of Malbork (Marienburg) and thirty kilometers south-southeast of Gdansk .
history
The place Groß Lichtenau, which was under the rule of the Teutonic Knights , was probably already in existence in 1254. In 1321 the villages of Groß Lichtenau and Klein Lichtenau were granted Kulm rights by the Teutonic Order . During the time it belonged to the Teutonic Order , the place became known for the arrogance of the farmers.
The village later belonged to the autonomous Prussian Royal Share , which had voluntarily placed itself under the patronage of the Polish crown, i.e. the Polish king himself. However, by his decree of March 16, 1569 on the Lublin Sejm , King Sigismund II August unilaterally terminated the autonomy of West Prussia, under threat of severe penalties in the event of violation, which is why the sovereignty of the Polish king in this part of the former territory of the German Order from 1569 to 1772 was perceived as foreign rule.
During the first division of Poland in 1772, Groß Lichtenau became part of the Kingdom of Prussia . In 1785 the place is referred to as a culmisches village with a Protestant parish church and a Catholic parish church, which has 49 fireplaces (households).
By 1920 the United Lichtenau belonged to the district Marienburg in the administrative district of Gdansk . After the First World War , Groß Lichtenau moved from the German district of Marienburg to the district of Großes Werder in the Free City of Danzig with effect from January 20, 1920, due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty . With the capture of the Free State by Germany on September 1, 1939 and the subsequent annexation, which was not recognized under international law, Groß Lichtenau came under German rule until 1945.
Towards the end of the Second World War , the Red Army occupied the region in the spring of 1945 . Soon afterwards, the district of Großes Werder, along with West Prussia and the southern half of East Prussia, was placed under Polish administration. Had not fled as far as the German citizens, they were in the period that followed sold and under the " westward shift of Poland " is replaced by Poland.
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1820 | 558 | |
| 1905 | 743 | |
| 1910 | 706 |
Parish
There was both a Protestant and a Catholic parish church in the village. The Evangelicals were in the minority. There were also Mennonite families in Groß Lichtenau .
Pastor until 1945
- Johann von Waldenberg, was sent to Emperor Charles IV in Prague in 1362 as envoy and advisor to the Commander-in-Chief of Thorn in a spiritual dispute .
traffic
The Lichnowy station was the branch station of the narrow-gauge railway Lichnowy – Lipinka Gdańska from the narrow-gauge railway Lisewo – Nowy Dwór Gdański .
Personalities born in the place
- Jacob Lubbe (* around 1430 in Groß Lichtenau, † shortly after 1500), Danzig merchant and author of a family chronicle.
literature
- Hermann Eckerdt: History of the Marienburg district . Bretschneider, Marienburg 1868 ( e-copy ).
Web links
Footnotes
- ↑ Max Toeppen : The lowland near Marienwerder . In: Old Prussian Monthly , Volume 10, Königsberg i. Pr. 1873, pp. 307-337, especially p. 327 .
- ^ August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore or description of Prussia. A manual for primary school teachers in the province of Prussia, as well as for all friends of the fatherland . Bornträger Brothers, Königsberg 1835, p. 431 .
- ^ Hans Prutz : History of the Neustadt district in West Prussia . Danzig 1872, p. 104 .
- ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part I, Königsberg / Leipzig 1785, Complete Topography of the West Prussian Cammer Department , p. 117.
- ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Marienburg district in West Prussia (Polish Malbork). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Gross Lichtenau (Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland) - GAMEO .
- ^ A b Hans-Jürgen Wolf: Family research in West Prussia (2012).>
- ^ Hermann Eckerdt: History of the Marienburg district . Bretschneider, Marienburg 1868, p. 52 .