Lausanne metro

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Logo of the Lausanne metro
Lausanne metro (M2)
Metro M2 Lausanne.jpg
Basic data
Country Switzerland
city Lausanne
Transport network Transports publics de la region lausannoise (TL)
opening 2008
Lines 1
Route length 5.9 km
Stations 14th
Tunnel stations 12
Long-distance train stations 1
use
Shortest cycle 3 min
Passengers 26.9 million per year (2012)
vehicles Be 8/8 tsp
Gauge 1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Power system 750 V DC power rail

The Lausanne metro (line m2 of Métro Lausanne ) is a 5.9-kilometer-long metro line in Lausanne that runs from Ouchy (373  m ) on the shores of Lake Geneva via Lausanne train station and the city center to Epalinges- Croisettes ( 711 m). The line, which went into operation in 2008, has the greatest height difference of any underground railway in the world. It emerged from the renovation of the Lausanne – Ouchy cogwheel railway and is the first and only subway in Switzerland . Together with the Lausanne tram (line m1), line m2 is known as the “ Métro Lausanne ”.

history

Lausanne-Gare station: the steeply inclined platform has doors

The M2 Métro line resulted from the complete renovation of the existing 1.5 kilometer long Lausanne-Ouchy rack railway and its extension to Epalinges. The project, which ultimately cost CHF 736 million , was approved in a referendum on November 24, 2002 (62.0% yes in the canton of Vaud , 76.7% yes in Lausanne). Construction work began on March 15, 2004. On February 22, 2005, a layer of groundwater was encountered while drilling the tunnel under Place Saint-Laurent , whereupon several hundred cubic meters of soaked earth collapsed into the tunnel construction site. The surrounding area, a popular shopping area, had to be closed for several days. Exactly eleven months later, on January 22nd, 2006, the cogwheel railway ceased operations to allow the route to be rebuilt without being disturbed. The shell of the line was completed on August 23, 2007 and was then run in trial operation over its entire length until the opening day.

The official opening took place on September 18, 2008 in the presence of Transport Minister Moritz Leuenberger and City President Daniel Brélaz . After the opening weekend, the m2 was temporarily shut down for five weeks in order to make adjustments to the software (operational disruptions occurred during the test drives). Commercial operation began on October 27, 2008. Operational management is carried out by the transport company Transports publics de la région Lausannoise (TL).

business

The operation of the underground is based on French technology. The 15 two-part units are 30.68 meters long, 2.45 m wide and 3.47 m high and can accommodate a maximum of 351 passengers. The first unit was delivered to Lausanne on September 2, 2006, the others followed every two months.

The m2 line is driverless and fully automatic, the platforms have doors that are opened and closed at the same time as the vehicle doors located at the same height. The principle of lane and guidance was adopted by the Paris Métro . The vehicles manufactured by Alstom also largely correspond to the Paris Pneumetro type MP89 CA. However, the total of 15 Lausanne units only consist of two car bodies. As on some lines of the Paris Metro, the bogies are equipped with rubber-tyred wheels. This saved the assembly of a rack for the track . The ascent for the entire route takes 21 minutes, the descent 18 minutes.

The energy is supplied via the side guide rails that are also used as power rails .

route

M2 Croisettes - Ouchy
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Epalinges - Croisettes (711 m)
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Vennes (683 m)
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depot
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Fourmi (651 m)
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Sallaz (610 m)
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CHUV (570 m)
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Ours (517 m)
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Bessières (500 m)
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Riponne (492 m)
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Lausanne-Flon (473 m) m1 , LEB
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Lausanne-Gare (452 m) SBB
BSicon utSTRe.svgBSicon extSTRe.svg
BSicon uHST.svgBSicon exSTR.svg
Grancy (425 m)
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Montriond
BSicon utSTRa.svgBSicon exSTR.svg
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Délices (408 m)
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Jordils (392 m)
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Ouchy (373 m) CGN

The underground line is 5.9 kilometers long and includes 14 stations, four of which have already existed. There are four tunnel sections with a total length of 5.3 kilometers. 600 meters of the route run outside of tunnels. The difference in altitude between the end stations of Ouchy (located at the bottom of the lake) and the suburb of Croisettes built on the hill is 336 meters, with an average gradient of 5.7% and the maximum gradient of twelve percent. The m2 line thus has the greatest height difference of all subways in the world, it is also the steepest adhesion subway as well as the world's third steepest subway - after the Karmelit in Haifa (a tire-worn funicular with a 30% gradient) and the Métro C in Lyon (a rack railway with a gradient of up to 17%).

The already existing stretch of the rack railway begins in Ouchy on the banks of Lake Geneva, with the lowest section, which previously ran in a cut, became a tunnel section. The existing Montriond station was replaced by the Délices and Grancy stations. Above Grancy, the second tunnel begins, which passes under the main train station and leads to the previous terminus at Flon. There you can change to the m1 tram to Renens and to Chemin de fer Lausanne-Echallens-Bercher (LEB).

The new construction section begins north of / above the Flon station. The second tunnel ends behind the Riponne station, as the route crosses a deep valley in the city center on a bridge. The third tunnel ends just before La Sallaz. North of this station follows the fourth tunnel to the terminus. Since the Vennes station is located directly on the A9 motorway , a large park-and-ride area was created there . Vennes is also the location of the depot and the company workshop. The route ends in Croisettes on the outskirts of Epalinges; the terminus was built in such a way that a subsequent extension to the center of Epalinges and Le Chalet-à-Gobet could be built.

Planned line m3

As an extension of the underground network, a new line m3 is planned, which will connect the Quartier Blécherette with the city center and the main train station. The construction of the new line should start in 2018, the earliest possible opening was planned for 2020. The costs should amount to 460 million francs.

The planned route provides for the m3 to run from Blécherette via Palais de Beaulieu to Flon, from there via the main train station to Grancy using the current route of the m2 and then alternating with the m2 to Ouchy. At the same time, the m2 between Flon and Grancy is to receive a new tunnel further west of the existing one and a new station in the immediate vicinity of the SBB platforms. It is expected that the route will not change any more. Grancy was originally planned as the new terminus of the m2.

Web links

Commons : Lausanne metro m2  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Press release: Cinq ans pour le m2 et des augmentations de capacité , on tl.ch, accessed on October 31, 2013
  2. Lausanne celebrates the first Swiss subway. Neue Zürcher Zeitung , September 18, 2008, accessed on December 3, 2012 .
  3. Software adjustments delay the commissioning of the Lausanne Métro  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , swissinfo.ch, August 29, 2008@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.swissinfo.ch  
  4. ^ Walter Hefti: Rail cable cars all over the world. Inclined cable levels, funiculars, cable cars . Birkhäuser, Basel 1975, ISBN 3-7643-0726-9 , p. 121
  5. ^ Métro m3: Official website of the city of Lausanne (French)
  6. a b c Mehdi-Stéphane Prin: Le M3 se dévoile, avec son tracé et ses stations . 24 heures , August 14, 2012, accessed on March 25, 2013
  7. ^ Des logements en plus dans la tour de Beaulieu . 20 minutes , March 15, 2013, accessed March 26, 2013
  8. The investment par milliards . Le Temps , March 19, 2013, accessed March 26, 2013
  9. ^ Mehdi-Stéphane Prin: Le Conseil d'Etat se range officiellement derrière le M3 . 24 heures, June 19, 2012, accessed on March 25, 2013