List of the planets of the solar system

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This article contains a tabular overview of the planets in the solar system .

Earth-like planets Gas planets
Mercury Venus earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune
image Reprocessed Mariner 10 image of Mercury.jpg Venus globe.jpg The Earth seen from Apollo 17.jpg Mars Valles Marineris.jpeg Jupiter.jpg Saturn (planet) large.jpg Uranus2.jpg Neptune.jpg
Astronomical symbol Astronomical symbol of Mercury Astronomical symbol of Venus Astronomical symbol of the earth Astronomical symbol of Mars Astronomical symbol of Jupiter Astronomical symbol of Saturn Astronomical symbol of Uranus Astronomical symbol of Neptune
Large orbit half axis in km,
in AU 		57,909,175
0.38709888 		108,208,930
0.72333193 		149,597,890
1 		227,936,640
1.5236621 		778.412.020
5.2033623 		1,426,725,400
9.5370690 		2,870,972,200
19.191261 		4,498,252,900
30.068960
Numerical eccentricity of the orbit 0.20563069 0.00677323 0.01671022 0.09341233 0.04839266 0.05415060 0.04716771 0.00858587
Period of rotation in sidereal years 0.2408467 0.61519726 1 1.8808476 11.862615 29,447498 84.016846 164.79132
Mean orbital speed in km / s 47.8725 35.0214 29.7859 24.1309 13.0697 9.6724 6.8352 5.4778
Inclination 7.00487 ° 3.39471 ° - 1.85061 ° 1.30530 ° 2.48446 ° 0.76986 ° 1.76917 °
Length of the ascending node (J2000) 48.33167 ° 76.68069 ° −11.26064 ° 49.57854 ° 100.55615 ° 113.71504 ° 74.22988 ° 131.72169 °
Length of periapsis (J2000) 77.45645 ° 131.53298 ° 102.94719 ° 336.04084 ° 14.75385 ° 92.43194 ° 170.96424 ° 44.97135 °
Maximum apparent brightness −1.9 m −4.6 m - −2.91 m −2.94 m 0.43 m 5.32 m 7.78 m
Mean equator radius in km,
relative to the earth's radius 		2,439.764
0.3825 		6,051.59
0.9488 		6,378.15
1 		3397
0.5326 		71,492.68
11.209 		60,267.14
9.449 		25,559
4.007 		24,764
3.883
Volume in 10 12  km³,
relative to the earth 		0.0608272
0.056 		0.92840
0.86 		1.0832
1 		0.16314
0.15 		1425.5
1316 		827.13
763.6 		69.142
63.8 		62.526
57.7
Mass in 10 24  kg,
relative to the earth's mass ,
relative to the total mass of all 8 planets 		0.33022
0.055270
0.00012 		4.8685
0.81499
0.00182 		5.9737
1
0.00224 		0.64185
0.10745
0.00024 		1898.7
317.84
0.71157 		568.51
95.169
0.21306 		86.849
14.539
0.03255 		102.44
17.149
0.03839
Density in g / cm³,
relative to the earth 		5.43
0.984 		5.24
0.95 		5.515
1 		3.93
0.714 		1.33
0.241 		0.7
0.125 		1.3
0.23 		1.64
0.30
Average acceleration due to gravity
in m / s²,
relative to the earth
3.7
0.377
8,872
0.905
9.80665
1
3.72076
0.379
24.79
2.528
10.44
1.065
8.87
0.904
11.15
1.137
Escape speed in km / s 4.25 10.36 11.18 5.02 59.54 35.49 21.29 23.71
Period of rotation in sidereal days 58,646225 243.0187 1 1.02595675 0.41354 0.44401 0.71833 0.67125
Sense of rotation of its own straight declining straight straight straight straight declining straight
Inclination of the equator to orbit 0.0 ° 177.3 ° 23.45 ° 25.19 ° 3.12 ° 26.73 ° 97.86 ° 29.58 °
Surface temperature in  K : minimum,
average,
maximum 		100
440
780 		710
737
770 		213
288
331 		186
210
297 		150
165
180 		130
135
140 		74
76
78 		70
73
76
Mean atmospheric temperature at zero level in K. 737 288 165 135 76 73
Main components of the atmosphere O 2 , Na CO 2 , N 2 N 2 , O 2 , Ar CO 2 , N 2 , Ar H 2 , He H 2 , He H 2 , He , CH 4 H 2 , He , CH 4
Number of known moons 0 0 1 2 79 82 27 14th
Rings No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
These figures show the orbits and nodes as well as the positions of the perihelion and aphele of the inner (left) and outer planets (right) as seen from the northern ecliptic pole. The planets run counterclockwise. At the beginning of spring the earth is in the picture below. The blue part of an orbit is north of the ecliptic plane, the purple part south. Green dot: perihelion. Red dot: aphelion. These figures show the orbits and nodes as well as the positions of the perihelion and aphele of the inner (left) and outer planets (right) as seen from the northern ecliptic pole. The planets run counterclockwise. At the beginning of spring the earth is in the picture below. The blue part of an orbit is north of the ecliptic plane, the purple part south. Green dot: perihelion. Red dot: aphelion.
These figures show the orbits and nodes as well as the positions of the perihelion and aphele of the inner (left) and outer planets (right) as seen from the northern ecliptic pole. The planets run counterclockwise. At the beginning of spring the earth is in the picture below. The blue part of an orbit is north of the ecliptic plane, the purple part south.
Green dot: perihelion.
Red dot: aphelion.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b track elements. Medium track elements (J2000). In: univie.ac.at. University of Vienna, January 24, 2014, accessed on March 6, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Mercury does not have an atmosphere in the conventional sense, because it is thinner than a vacuum that can be achieved in a laboratory.
  3. ^ David R. Williams: Mercury Fact Sheet. In: nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA, September 27, 2018, accessed March 6, 2020 .