List of owner-occupied houses in Dresden

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Excise houses in Dresden were buildings on which the general consumption excise tax , a forerunner of today's value added tax , had been levied for the import of goods by the city since 1703 . They were mostly the old approach roads that the precincts led the city of Dresden. Despite cancellation of this excise tax in 1834 with the founding of the German customs union yet the end of the 18th century introduced were Chaussee funds continue to be collected on them. In 1884 a law passed the abolition of the bridge and highway monies in the Kingdom of Saxony at the end of 1885, and the houses were then sold to private individuals, who largely demolished them and replaced them with new buildings.

Excise houses and lifting points

At the moment only a few of these former customs houses are left, which are usually listed. In the memorial text of the Saxon monuments list it says: "According to the Dresden import tax regulation of 1855, 25" domestic and customs union "goods were subject to a tax when brought into the city area: bread, baked goods, beer, meat, game, poultry, fish, cattle, Grain. In the following years this regulation was adapted several times to the new conditions, but around 1900 input taxes still had to be paid at the municipal boundary. In addition to the lifting point at Weinbergstraße 1, only the striking half-timbered building of the 40th lifting point at Pfotenhauerstraße 107 reminds of this. In the middle of the 19th century, the city had eight lifting points on the borders of the old town, four on those of the Neustadt and two on those of Friedrichstadt. "

Nonetheless, these collectors or excise houses go back further historically than this description of the monument. Fritz Löffler noted in the first edition of his work Das alten Dresden (Fritz Löffler: Das alten Dresden. Geschichte seine Bauten. 1st edition, Sachsenverlag, Dresden 1956, p. 409) that this was due to the introduction of the “General Excise Consumption Tax “From 1703. The more recent research dates this another 200 years from this date; H. back to the 16th century.

With a view to the legal situation in what was then the Kingdom of Saxony , in which on June 24, 1884 a law resolved to abolish the bridge and highway fees in the Kingdom of Saxony at the end of 1885, so that the last barriers were eliminated: Here are the following The descriptions of monuments used are occasionally misleading because they still want to locate them for “around 1900”.

The collection of bridge or road money - albeit without barriers - was historically possible until the 20th century: Until the incorporation of Blasewitz into Dresden in 1921, a "bridge money" was levied for crossing the Blue Wonder . There were never any collecting houses or excise houses for this.

positioning

In the course of historical development, the location of these control points, through which the city could be reached, changed. As part of urban development, they were increasingly relocated to the suburbs .

1st phase - city gates

At first there were numerous city gates in the city's fortifications. The most important for trading were:

and in Altendresden (today's Inner New Town):

  • Schwarzes Tor (also Bautzner Tor or Lausitzer Tor) until 1817
  • White Gate (also Leipziger Tor or Meißner Tor) until after 1817

2nd phase - hits with gatehouses

With the layout of the suburbs , gatehouses were built on the so-called beats , which were arranged around the inner old town and inner new town on the so-called Environweg (corresponds to today's 26er Ring in the west and south ). Barriers were erected here until 1885 to collect road or road money. The most famous hits in Dresden were:

Except for the gatehouse on Palaisplatz (Weißes Tor / Leipziger Schlag), these gatehouses no longer exist.

3rd phase - excise or revenue houses

These lifting points were used to pay customs duties for imported goods. They were moved further out to the parish boundaries of the suburbs. These systems are compiled in the following list.

List of former excise or tax houses in Dresden

image designation location Dating description ID
Former Customs house (40th municipal lifting point) Johannstadt
More pictures 		Former Customs house (40th municipal lifting point) Johannstadt Johannstadt , Pfotenhauerstraße 107
(map) 		1902 (customs house) Akzisehaus under monument protection; Tax collector was Oswald Straßburger (1903) 09217167
 
Tax collector's house Striesen
More pictures 		Tax collector's house Striesen Striesen , Kyffhäuserstraße 34 at the corner of Hüblerstraße
(map) 		around 1872 (customs house) Akzisehaus under monument protection 09216759
 
Former Customs house (3rd municipal lifting point) Trachenberge
 Former Customs house (3rd municipal lifting point) Trachenberge Trachenberge , Weinbergstrasse 1 at the corner of Radeburger Strasse
(map) 		1898 (customs house) Akzisehaus under monument protection; Tax collector was Gottlieb Kunath and tax collector assistant Carl Mohr (1898) 09216977
 
Akzisehaus Palaisplatz
More pictures 		Akzisehaus Palaisplatz Innere Neustadt, Palaisplatz 2
(map) 		1827–1829 (guard house) Gatehouse under monument protection; originally two gatehouses at the White Gate , built by Gottlob Friedrich Thormeyer 09214271
 
Bridge toll lifting point; Marienbrücke
 Bridge toll lifting point; Marienbrücke Wilsdruffer Vorstadt , Devrientstrasse 20
(map) 		1846–1852 (bridge keeper's house) Bridge house under monument protection; "Municipal tax receipt" or "Municipal bridge toll collection point", originally on Ostra-Allee / bridge approach to Marienbrücke 09210291
 
Lausa customs house
 Lausa customs house Weixdorf , Königsbrücker Landstrasse 338 / Am Zollhaus
(map) 		Early 19th century (Chausseehaus) Chausseehaus Lausa, customs house under monument protection 09283924
 
Income house Freital
More pictures 		Income house Freital Freital , Dresdner Strasse 2
(map) 		re. 1828 (Chausseehaus) Chausseehaus under monument protection; now museum The Freital Einnehmerhaus does not belong to the urban area of ​​Dresden, but is listed here for objective reasons. 08963867
 
Akzisehaus Stübelallee
More pictures 		Akzisehaus Stübelallee Gruna , Stübelallee 4
(map) 		Akzisehaus, later the home of the gardener of the Great Garden Otto Kluge (so-called gardener's house), now a restaurant
 
Income house Plauen
More pictures 		Income house Plauen Plauen , Chemnitzer Strasse 84, corner of Bienertstrasse
(map) 		1845 Income house from 1845 to 1872, since 1882 restaurant Bruno Ehrlich, flower shop, now restaurant again
 
Chausseehaus Plauen Plauen, F.-C.-Weiskopf-Platz (formerly Rathausplatz)
(map) 		1844 Chausseehaus, built in 1844, with this function from 1872, demolished in 1887
 
Income house Plauen (Falkenstrasse) Plauen, Zwickauer Strasse 79
(map) 		1877 Falkenstrasse collector's house, erected shortly before the construction of Falkenstrasse (Zwickauer Strasse), demolished in 1936 The collector's house for this street on the Dresden side at the beginning was identical to the Falkenschlag .
 
Former Customs house (5th municipal lifting point) Friedrichstadt , Schäferstrasse 103 / Waltherstrasse
(map) 		5th lifting point until 1896
 
Former Customs house (5th municipal lifting point) Friedrichstadt, Hamburger Strasse 57 / Flügelweg
(map) 		5th lifting point from 1896
 
Briesnitz collectors' house Briesnitz , Alte Meißner Landstrasse / Merbitzer Strasse
(map) 		1896 to 1921 occupant house
 
Löbtauer Chausseehaus
 Löbtauer Chausseehaus Löbtau , Kesselsdorfer Strasse 1 / Tharandter Strasse
(map) 		1813 Löbtauer Chausseehaus, built by Gottlob Friedrich Thormeyer, used as a takers' house until 1885, demolished in 1888, then Dreikaiserhof; The street name on Chausseehausstrasse in Löbtau is reminiscent of the building
 
Excise House Wilsdruffer Vorstadt, Freiberger Str. 85
(map) 		1901 Lifting point until 1901, destroyed
 
Excise House Friedrichstadt, Altonaer Strasse at the corner of Löbtauer Strasse
(map) 		Excise house on Löbtauer Schlag, destroyed
 
Excise House Große Zwingerstraße 7 / Schweriner Straße / Postplatz
(map) 		Akzisehaus, restaurant around 1900, Gambrinus city restaurant from 1910
 
Räcknitz Chausseehaus Räcknitz , Bergstrasse 122 at the corner of Kohlenstrasse
(map) 		1847 Hermann Geithel and Gustav Huhn collectors' house, demolished in 1981
 
Loschwitz Chausehaus
 Loschwitz Chausehaus Loschwitz , Bautzner Strasse 177 (formerly Dresdner Strasse 5) at the corner of Fischhausstrasse
(map) 		1785 Canceled in 1912
 
Lifting point Mordgrundbrücke Loschwitz, Schillerstraße 28
(map) 		later used as a drinking hall, destroyed
 
Chausseehaus Pillnitz
 Chausseehaus Pillnitz Pillnitz , Lohmener Strasse
(map) 		1801/1900
 
Former Customs house (53rd municipal lifting point) Kaditz , Rankestrasse 76
(map)
 
Customs post Johannstadt, Fetscherplatz (formerly Fürstenplatz)
(map) 		Canceled in 1893
 
Excise House Strehlen Strehlen , Strehlener Platz 1
(map) 		Akzisehaus on Strehlener Platz, demolished around 1930
 

swell

Web links

Commons : Einnehmerhaus (Dresden)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Former Customs house Johannstadt ID no. 09217167 (accessed May 3, 2020)
  2. ^ Fritz Löffler: The old Dresden. History of his buildings. 1st edition, Sachsenverlag, Dresden 1956, p. 409 (and all subsequent editions, with changed page numbers)
  3. ↑ Law and Ordinance Gazette for the Kingdom of Saxony, 1884, p. 145. See history of the main tax and main customs offices and their subordinate authorities, footnote 20 on archiv.sachsen.de , accessed on May 5, 2020
  4. ↑ Stadtwiki Dresden - Environweg (accessed on May 3, 2020).
  5. ↑ Dresden districts - Pfotenhauerstraße (accessed on May 3, 2020)
  6. ↑ Dresden districts - streets and squares in Blasewitz (accessed on May 3, 2020)
  7. ↑ Einnehmerhaus Freital (accessed on May 3, 2020)
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Jörg Brune: The old Dresden in pictures (accessed on May 3, 2020)
  9. ↑ Dresden districts - Stübelallee (accessed on May 3, 2020)
  10. ↑ DNN - summer restaurant Drachenwiese (accessed on May 3, 2020)
  11. ↑ Das alte Dresden - Gastwirtschaft Bruno Ehrlich (accessed on May 3, 2020)
  12. ↑ The relocation of the takers' house further south was a major point of contention during the establishment of Dresden's first horse-drawn tram line , which otherwise would have had to end before the barrier. The "relocation of the takers' house" to Chemnitzer Platz made the Plauen endpoint of Dresden's first horse-drawn tram possible in the first place.
  13. ↑ Paul Dittrich: Between Hofmühle and Heidenschanze - History of the Dresden suburbs Plauen and Coschütz. 2nd, revised edition. Verlag Adolf Urban, Dresden 1941, p. 174.
  14. ↑ Dresden districts - Kesselsdorfer Straße (accessed on May 3, 2020)
  15. ↑ Dresden districts - Altonaer Straße (accessed on May 3, 2020)
  16. ↑ Dresden districts - Bergstrasse (accessed on May 3, 2020)
  17. ↑ Dresden districts - Räcknitz (accessed on May 3, 2020)
  18. ↑ Dresden districts - Strehlener Platz (accessed on May 3, 2020)