Manfred Kahlweit

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Manfred Kahlweit (born September 4, 1928 in East Prussia ; † January 24, 2012 in Göttingen ) was a German physicist and physical chemist .

Life

Manfred Kahlweit completed his studies in physics at the University of Göttingen , which he graduated with a diploma. He completed his diploma thesis at the then new Max Planck Institute for Physical Chemistry in Göttingen , which was headed by Karl Friedrich Bonhoeffer . There he then worked on his doctoral thesis on the topic of "About electrical potential differences at the phase boundary of immiscible liquids", with which he received his doctorate in 1954 from the University of Göttingen. After completing his doctorate, he worked as a postdoc in California .

In 1963 Manfred Kahlweit was called back to the Max Planck Institute for Physical Chemistry in Göttingen as a Scientific Member of the Max Planck Society , now under the direction of Carl Wagner . In 1965 he completed his habilitation in physical chemistry at the Institute for Physical Chemistry at the University of Göttingen. His habilitation thesis is entitled: "On the kinetics of phase formation in condensed systems". In his lectures at the Institute for Physical Chemistry, he dealt with the thermodynamics of heterogeneous multiphase systems .

In 1967 he became director of the Max Planck Institute for Physical Chemistry and then participated in the redesign of this institute, which was re-established in 1971 in a new building in Göttingen- Nikolausberg as the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry . From 1971 until his retirement he headed the kinetics department of phase formation . Manfred Kahweit and his colleagues investigated experimentally and theoretically in the context of classical thermodynamics, in particular, the demixing of supersaturated or supercooled liquid or solid mixed phases with the formation of new phases through nucleation , growth and dissolution of precipitated particles . The focus of the investigations was the kinetics of the phase formation processes and their theoretical description. The theoretical advancements aimed at a comprehensive description of the successive and simultaneous processes of nucleation, growth and dissolution. The investigations were also extended to colloidal systems and in particular micelles .

In addition to his scientific work, Manfred Kahlweit was also publicly involved. He was a member of the founding senate of the University of Bremen and helped shape the new profile of this university ( Bremen model ). He was acting head during the founding phase of the Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces in Potsdam, which was founded in 1992 . He also advocated the founding of a Max Planck Institute for researching the perception of music, which, however, was not realized until 2012 as the Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics .

Manfred Kahlweit's political commitment began in 1963 when he joined the SPD , and in 1968 he was one of the founding members of the Hetjershausen local association in his place of residence. He was mayor there from 1970 to 1973 when Hetjershausen was incorporated into Göttingen . In 1973 he was elected to the Göttingen city council, where he was chairman of the SPD parliamentary group in 1974 . In 1979 he resigned from the council for professional reasons.

In addition to his diverse activities, Manfred Kahlweit was an avid music lover. As early as 1956 during his postdoctoral period in California, he began writing reviews for high fidelity . Since 1959 he has been reviewing for fonoforum (as a freelancer until around 1989) and for daily newspapers. He has been a member of the jury of the German Record Award, which was awarded for the first time by fonoforum in 1963 as the German Record Critics Award.

He was married to Renate Kahlweit geb. Kirchhoff, daughter of the gynecologist Prof. Heinz Kirchhoff . The journalist Cathrin Kahlweit is his daughter.

Works (selection)

  • Via electrical potential differences at the phase boundary of immiscible liquids . Magazine f. Elektrochemie 58 (9): pp. 658-665, 1954.
  • About the kinetics of phase formation in condensed systems . University of Göttingen, Math.-Naturwiss. Faculty, habilitation thesis v. July 5, 1965.
  • Aging of precipitation due to dissolution (Ostwald ripening) . Angewandte Chemie 77 (9): p. 431, 1965.
  • The structure of a precipitate as determined by the interplay of nucleation, growth and aging . Progress in Solid State Chemistry 2 (0): pp. 134-174, 1965.
  • The internal oxidation of Cu-Si alloys (together with P. Bolsaitis). Acta metal. 15 (5): pp. 765-772, 1967.
  • On the aging of dendrites . Scr.metal. 2 (5): pp. 251-254, 1968.
  • Kinetics of crystal growth from aqueous solutions . J.CRYST.GROWTH 3-4 (0): p. 401, 1968.
  • On the dendritic growth of NH4Br crystals from aqueous solutions . J.CRYST.GROWTH 5 (5): pp. 391-394, 1969.
  • Precipitation in Ni - Si Alloys (together with G. Sauthoff ). Acta metal. 17: pp. 1501-1509, 1969.
  • On the dendritic growth of NH4Cl crystals from aqueous solutions . J. CRYST.GROWTH 6 (2): pp. 125-129, 1970.
  • On the dendritic growth of NH4CI crystals from aqueous solutions II . J.CRYST.GROWTH 7 (1): pp. 74-78, 1970.
  • Ostwald ripening of precipitates . Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 5 (1): pp. 1-35, 1975.
  • Nucleation in Liquid Solutions . In: Reaction in Condensed Phases , Ed. HENR Eyring, Academic Press, 1975, pp. 675-698 (Chapter 12).
  • On the kinetics of precipitation . Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc. 61: pp. 48-52 ( doi : 10.1039 / DC9766100048 ), 1976.
  • Further considerations on aging (Ostwald Ripening) . Scr.metal. 10 (7): pp. 601-603, 1976.
  • About the current state of redemption theory (Ostwald ripening) . Chemie Ingenieur Technik 48 (8): pp. 676-679, 1976.
  • Further considerations on the aging of polydisperse suspensions (Ostwald Ripening) . In: Hydrosols and Rheology , ed. MILT Kerker, Academic Press, 1976.
  • Further considerations on the theory of aging (Ostwald ripening) . Colloid and Polymer Science 255 (1): p. 98, 1977.
  • On the kinetics of micellization in aqueous solutions (together with M. Teubner). Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 13 (1-2): pp. 1-64, 1980.
  • Interface phenomena . In: Fundamentals of Physical Chemistry in Individual Representations Volume VII ( ISBN 3-7985-0581-0 ), Ed. R. Haase, Verlag Steinkopff, Darmstadt 1981.
  • The phase behavior of systems of the type H2O-oil-nonionic surfactant-electrolyte . Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 90 (1): pp. 197-202, 1982.
  • Kinetics of formation of association colloids . Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 90 (1): pp. 92-99, 1982.
  • Microemulsions . Science 240 (4852): pp. 617-621 ( doi : 10.1126 / science.240.4852.617 ), 1988.
  • Complex fluids. Weakly to strongly structured mixtures. In: Reports of the Bunsen Society for Physical Chemistry. 98, 1994, p. 490, doi : 10.1002 / bbpc.19940980351 .
  • How to prepare microemulsions at prescribed temperature, oil and brine . Journal of Physical Chemistry 99 (4): pp. 1281-1284, 1995.
  • Precipitation reactions . In: Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology (Third Edition) , Ed. A. Meyers, New York: Academic Press, 2003, pp. 57-72.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Prize of the German Record Critics
  2. ↑ Obituary notice Göttinger Tageblatt of January 28, 2012
personal data
SURNAME Kahlweit, Manfred
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physicist and physical chemist
DATE OF BIRTH September 4, 1928
PLACE OF BIRTH East Prussia
DATE OF DEATH January 24, 2012
Place of death Goettingen