Mary Queen of the Rosary (Marienberg)
Mary Queen of the Rosary is a pilgrimage church in Marienberg near Burghausen . It was built between 1760 and 1764 by the Trostberg market mason, Franz Alois Mayr . The rococo church is often referred to as the pearl of the Salzach Valley .
History of the church
In the course of the relocation of a Cistercian monastery from Schützing to Raitenhaslach in 1145/1146, a chapel was first mentioned as an own church of a squire in Marienberg. Since the Cistercians in Raitenhaslach rejected pastoral care and parish rights, the parish was moved to Marienberg. On March 27, 1203, the Archbishop of Salzburg, Eberhard II, transferred the parish of Marienberg to the monastery in a letter of donation.
On August 7, 1244, a reconstructed or newly built Marienberg church was consecrated , which was expanded in 1398. Gradually, a pilgrimage developed, which was decisively promoted by the establishment of a rosary brotherhood by Landshut Dominican monks in 1627. Abbot Emanuel II laid the foundation stone for a completely new church on September 27, 1760. The old one was torn down and rebuilt by the Trostberg court builder Franz Alois Mayr . On May 1, 1765, it was consecrated by the Salzburg Prince Archbishop Sigismund von Schrattenbach .
After secularization in Bavaria , the previous monastery church became a parish church and the church on the Marienberg and its furnishings were released for demolition or auctioning in 1806. The miraculous image came to Raitenhaslach. However, the locals were able to postpone the decision through constant input until Crown Prince Ludwig finally visited the church in 1812 and secured its preservation. On January 15, 1815, it was released for worship again, but no longer as a parish, but as a subsidiary church .
In the 1960s, the church was largely restored. From 2001 to 2011 further restoration measures were carried out in the amount of 4.2 million euros.
Building description
The baroque central building of the round church has a great long-distance effect. It is 24.65 meters long and 23.20 meters wide and 21.28 meters high. The plan is an inscribed Greek cross . To the east, the façade is slightly arched with arched windows between the pilasters and triangular gables between two towers. The entrance front to the west is structured in the same way. The side windows are covered and painted. The two towers, each with four sound openings and two clock faces, are concave and structured by pilasters. Above each there is a flat tent roof made of copper. There is a room under the organ loft, from which two round stairs lead to the organ loft. The western staircase to the church in five steps with ten steps each is modeled on the rosary . The stair stringers are provided with inverted Romanesque pilasters with spheres. The church is surrounded by a cemetery.
Furnishing
Frescoes
The ceiling paintings are by Johann Martin Heigl , a student of Johann Baptist Zimmermann . All frescoes are dedicated to the rosary theme. The dome painting shows four connected main locations: the church as a ship, a lighthouse, a garden and the heavenly gate. The side frescoes are about the secrets of the joyous rosary .
Altars
The sculptors of the altars were Johann Georg Lindt (high altar, a large part of the figurative furnishings and the two rear side altars) and Johann Georg Kapfer (both front side altars), the altar paintings are by Wilhelm Epple (who was probably a member of the order) and Peter Anton Lorenzoni . The high altar with the miraculous image, an early baroque representation of Mary with the baby Jesus, was designed very splendidly. The figure of Mary stands on a globe in a wreath of rays and clouds. The four side altars, namely the cross altar, Anna altar, Johannes altar and Bernhard altar are stylistically adapted to the high altar.
Pulpits
The two pulpits come from Johann Nepomuk Hofer. The glazed pulpit served as an oratory for the abbot. On the pulpit on the left, the evangelist symbols winged man, lion, bull and eagle are depicted, and the dove of the Holy Spirit under the sound cover.
organ
The organ was built by Anton Bayr in 1769 . It has been restored several times, including in 1984 by Orgelbau Sandtner and in 2010. It has a manual , pedal and 11 stops . The disposition is:
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- Notes: Pedal firmly coupled, slide box , mechanical play and stop action
Bells
Two of the bells come from the original chime and were made in 1776 and 1783. They weigh 1200 and 400 pounds . Two more were melted down during World War II and replaced by new bells in 1954. These weigh 2260 and 424 pounds, respectively.
Trivia
An original model of the church from 1759/1760, about 81 cm high, has been preserved in the Burghausen City Museum . The outer structure with the planned high tower crowns and, after the west facade has been removed, the entire interior can be seen. The high altar, the oratorios and the pulpit are depicted in three dimensions and the rest of the furnishings are painted on. The ceiling frescoes can be seen through a mirror.
It is believed that the staircase served as a model for Crown Prince Ludwig for the Walhalla .
Web links
- Marienberg on the previous homepage of the parish Raitenhaslach
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Alois Buchleitner: Burghausen city - castle - history . In: Heimatverein and Stadtarchiv Burghausen (ed.): Burghauser Geschichtsblätter . 5th edition. tape 33 . Burghausen 2001.
- ^ Abbot Emanuel II. Mayr Raitenhaslach. Retrieved February 23, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Sabine Komarek-Moritz, Thomas Kupferschmied: Marienberg: pilgrimage church, formerly parish church; Patronage: Assumption of the Virgin Mary (August 15), Parish Raitenhaslach - Diocese Passau ... Kunstverl. Peda, Passau 2011, ISBN 978-3-89643-839-3 .
- ↑ Monuments Burghausen. Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, November 9, 2017, accessed on March 15, 2018 .
- ↑ Bavarian organ database online
Coordinates: 48 ° 8 '32.4 " N , 12 ° 47' 23.4" E