Raitenhaslach Monastery

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Raitenhaslach Monastery
Raitenhaslach Monastery
Raitenhaslach Monastery
location District Raitenhaslach ,
Burghausen ,
Altötting District ,
Upper
Bavaria District , Bavaria , Germany
GermanyGermany 
Coordinates: 48 ° 7 '42 "  N , 12 ° 47' 13"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 7 '42 "  N , 12 ° 47' 13"  E
Serial number
according to Janauschek
190
founding year 1143
Year of dissolution /
annulment
1803
Mother monastery Salem Imperial Abbey
Primary Abbey Morimond Monastery
Engraving of the monastery from the " Churbaierischen Atlas " by Anton Wilhelm Ertl 1687

The Raitenhaslach is a former abbey of the Cistercians in the parish Raitenhaslach, deanery Burghausen diocese of Passau . It is located in the parish village of the same name in the city of Burghausen , Upper Bavaria. After large parts of the building were demolished in the course of secularization in 1803, the listed monastery complex now comprises less than half of the former building stock.

history

The area for the Raitenhaslach monastery was donated in 1143 by Count Wolfker de Tegerwac (Wolfker von Wasentegernbach ) and his wife Hemma. The monastery was relocated from the original place of foundation Schützing an der Alz to Raitenhaslach as early as 1146, which was first mentioned in 788 in the Notitia Arnonis as property of the diocese of Salzburg . The reason for the move to Raitenhaslach is said to have been primarily the strategic monastery policy of Bishop Konrad I of Salzburg. The first monks and Abbot Gero, who headed the young monastery for the first 30 years, came from the Imperial Salem Abbey , and Salem abbots regularly visited the new monastery. Raitenhaslach is therefore probably the first filiation of the Salem Monastery, apart from the “interlude” in Schützing, which lasts only three years.

The water-rich location in Raitenhaslach was ideal for the specific cultivation by the Cistercians, among other things in the form of pronounced pond management and various special agricultural crops. The Cistercians ate a meat-free diet as pescetarians , so a sufficient supply of water and the possibility of extensive fish farming were essential. Even today, a number of the fish ponds created at the time are preserved in the vicinity of the former monastery. In addition to cultivating the immediate vicinity, property and property grew rapidly through gifts and purchases. The monastery owned a number of taxable villages in a wide area, as well as a vineyard in what is now Lower Austria and a large part of the Weilhartforst , which is now in Upper Austria , on the other side of the Salzach . In addition, some churches near Altötting and the parishes of Burghausen, Halsbach , Niederbergkirchen , Hadersdorf am Kamp and Ostermiething were incorporated into the monastery.

With the strengthening of the Wittelsbach dukes, who resided in the nearby Burghausen Castle, the Salzburg influence was slowly but steadily pushed back from around the middle of the 13th century. The Wittelsbachers began to take on the role of sponsor and caretaker of the monastery out of a power calculation. The monastery was located in the border area between its territory and the prince-archbishopric of Salzburg , the part of the municipality bordering on the south of Burghausen is still called Hadermark, etymologically a combination of Hader and Mark . In 1258 the monastery received the rights of a Hofmark , and was thus tied more and more closely to the Wittelsbach rule. In the 15th century the monastery church of St. Georg also served as a burial place for the ducal family from Burghausen, and at the end of the 15th and beginning of the 16th century it was particularly Ludwig “the Rich” who supported the monastery in the fight against Reformation movements.

Over the centuries, the monastery has been rebuilt and expanded several times. Construction activity was particularly lively in the first half of the 18th century, when the monastery church was given its current form for the 600th anniversary of the order and was converted from a Romanesque pillar basilica into a Baroque wall pillar church. The facade was faded in in the years 1751/1752 by the Trostberg builder Franz Alois Mayr . The "ideal shape" of a Cistercian monastery was preserved until the beginning of the 19th century despite many extensions and modifications.

In 1803 the monastery was dissolved in the course of secularization . Since the buildings were completely oversized for private use, however, when the officials of Minister Montgelas sold them, the difficulties that were also known from other monasteries arose. After a long search and several price reductions, only the lucrative parts of the monastery, such as the brewery, could be sold, most of the buildings were demolished: The relatively new library building from 1785, the refectory and the so-called mathematical tower disappeared. The remaining monastery buildings including most of the immense inventory were sold to the highest bidder. The book inventory, which is extremely valuable not only from today's point of view, was sold to waste paper dealers for a kilo price, with a few exceptions, furniture and art objects to wealthy citizens and the nobility, and agricultural equipment to farmers in the area. The monastery church became a parish church in 1806 . The remaining monastery buildings have since served as a parsonage, school, brewery, restaurant and as private apartments.

In 1978 parts of the Raitenhaslach municipal area, including the former monastery, were incorporated into the area of ​​the city of Burghausen as part of the municipal regional reform .

Row of Abbots

Source:

  1. Gero, 1143-1153
  2. Adelbert (Albero), 1170, 1180
  3. Conrad I., 1183, 1184
  4. Otto, 1190
  5. Richer, 1195, 1198
  6. Conrad II, 1203
  7. Berthold, 1207
  8. Conrad III., 1211, 1224
  9. Dietmar, 1239, 1240
  10. Walther, 1242, 1257
  11. Henry I, 1259, 1261
  12. Rudolf, 1262, 1264
  13. Conrad IV. Hallerbrucker, 1268–1297
  14. Friedrich I., 1297-1302
  15. Ulrich I., 1302-1307
  16. Gebhard Kalb, 1307-1311
  17. Ilsunk, 1311-1329
  18. Heinrich II. Oelar, 1329–1338
  19. Ulrich II. Stempfer, 1338, 1350
  20. Friedrich II. Vischböck, 1351, † 1356
  21. Jacob, 1362, † 1364
  22. Wilhelm Cabinet, 1364 - around 1367
  23. Andreas, 1367-1368
  24. Seyfried, 1368-1376
  25. John I, 1376-1379
  26. John II. Stempfer, 1379-1407; received the pontificals in 1387
  27. Johann III. Zipfler, 1407-1417
  28. Johann IV. Plow, 1417–1438
  29. Leonhard Schellensteiner, 1438–1445
  30. Georg I. Schnappinger, 1445–1464
  31. Aegid Steiner, 1464–1474
  32. Johann V. Holzer, 1474–1483
  33. Georg II. Lindtmayr, 1483–1498
  34. Johann VI. Guetgeld, 1498–1502
  35. Ulrich III. Moltzner, 1502-1506
  36. George III Wankhauser, 1506-1526
  37. Christoph I. Fürlauf, 1526–1553
  38. Sebastian Harbeck, 1553-1569
  39. Wolfgang Manhauser, 1569–1590
  40. Matthias Stossperger, 1590–1601
  41. Philipp Perzel, 1602-1620
  42. Christoph II. Mayrhofer, 1621-1624
  43. Daniel Adam von Rembold, 1624-1640
  44. John VII. Molitor, 1640-1658
  45. Johann VIII. Lanzinger, 1658–1670
  46. Gerhard Hoeß, 1670–1676
  47. Malachias Lachmayr , 1676–1688
  48. Candidus Wenzl, 1688-1700
  49. Emmanuel I. Scholtz, 1700-1733
  50. Chilian Waltenberger, 1733-1734
  51. Robert Pendtner, 1734–1756
  52. Abundus Tschan, 1756–1759
  53. Emmanuel II Mayr, 1759-1780
  54. Theobald Weißenbach, 1780–1792
  55. Emmanuel III Rund, 1792-1801
  56. Ausanius Detterle, 1801–1803, † 1829

present

In 2003 the city of Burghausen, which had speculated for many years afterwards, bought the former monastery buildings. The brewing operation, mentioned in a document since 1313, was finally stopped - the brewing process itself had not taken place in Raitenhaslach for a long time. In 2004 the traditional monastery inn was acquired by a private entrepreneur. Between 2010 and 2017, the ensemble was renovated in accordance with the listed buildings. Today, in addition to the well-known monastery church, a baroque jewel with a Romanesque core, the so-called “papal room” and above all the “stone hall” of the former monastery are of great scientific and tourist interest. Since the buildings are now publicly owned, these parts of the building can be viewed for the first time since privatization over 200 years ago. However, unlike the church, there are no fixed opening times for the monastery buildings.

TUM Academy Center in the Prälatenstock

On June 4, 2016, the Technical University of Munich (TUM) opened its TUM Raitenhaslach Academy Center in the so-called Prälatenstock . The city of Burghausen, as the owner of the property, will initially leave the building to TUM free of charge for 25 years; the university takes over the operation. Burghausen is thus permanently a TUM academy location.

Images of the monastery church

Main article: St. Georg (Raitenhaslach)

swell

  • Edgar Krausen (arr.): Regest of the documents of the Cistercian monastery Raitenhaslach 1351–1803. 2 volumes. Burghausen 1989–1990.
  • Wolfgang A. Herrmann (Ed.): Raitenhaslach. Place of encounter and science. Franz Schiermeier-Verlag, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814521-0-5 .

literature

  • Wolfgang Hopfgartner: St. Georg - Raitenhaslach: Former Cistercian abbey church. Passau 2005.
  • Wolfgang Hopfgartner: 850th return of the settlement of the former Cistercian monastery Raitenhaslach. Burghausen 1996.
  • Johann Dorner: The Raitenhaslach inscriptions before 1805. Burghausen 1982.
  • Edgar Krausen : Raitenhaslach parish church Altötting district - Passau diocese. Ottobeuren 1974.
  • Edgar Krausen: The Dioceses of the Church Province of Salzburg Volume 1: The Cistercian Abbey Raitenhaslach (Volume 11 of the Germania Sacra series ), De Gruyter, 1977.
  • Fritz Demmel, Wolfgang Hopfgartner: The baroqueization of the monastery church Raitenhaslach. For the 250th anniversary of a construction phase. In: Oettinger Land. 13, 1993, pp. 166-208.
  • Wolfgang Hopfgartner: heraldic shields in the monastery church Raitenhaslach. In: Oettinger Land. 30, 2010, pp. 298-338.
  • Wolfgang Hopfgartner: On the building history of the Raitenhaslach monastery. In: Iris Lauterbach (Hrsg.): Monastery culture in Bavaria before secularization - between salvation history and enlightenment. (= Publications of the Central Institute for Art History in Munich. 28). Munich 2011, pp. 81–96.
  • Paul Huber: The main facade of the former monastery church of Raitenhaslach. On the history of change and monument conservation treatment. In: Iris Lauterbach (Hrsg.): Monastery culture in Bavaria before secularization - between salvation history and enlightenment. (= Publications of the Central Institute for Art History in Munich. 28). Munich 2011, pp. 67–80.
  • Hans Lange: "A closter, not a palace". Raitenhaslach's architecture in the 18th century as a Cistercian monastery and Bavarian prelate monastery. In: Iris Lauterbach (Hrsg.): Monastery culture in Bavaria before secularization - between salvation history and enlightenment. (= Publications of the Central Institute for Art History in Munich. 28). Munich 2011, pp. 38–66.

Web links

Commons : Raitenhaslach Monastery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. List of monuments for Burghausen (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation
  2. Michael Hartig: The Upper Bavarian Pencils. Volume I: The Benedictine, Cistercian and Augustinian Canons . Publisher vorm. G. J. Manz, Munich 1935, DNB 560552157 , p. 113.
  3. Raitenhaslach Monastery -. Redesign of the outdoor facilities and rearrangement of the parking spaces as part of the revitalization of the monastery area. Keller Damm colleagues, accessed September 9, 2019 .
  4. raitenhaslach.tum.de
  5. Science finds its way into Raitenhaslach Monastery. In: www.tum.de. Retrieved May 23, 2016 .