Maria to the rough wind
The Virgin Mary statue to the rough wind is an approx. 50 cm tall, carved wooden figure of Mary in the pilgrimage church in Kälberau ; the church itself, which harbors the image of grace, is so called.
Miraculous image
The creation of the miraculous image is dated to the year 1380; Despite the heavy restoration, the Gothic style is still clearly recognizable, especially in the composition and folds. It is one of the oldest Marian sculptures in the Lower Main region.
Initially, the statue of the Virgin stood in a baroque altar in the north aisle and in 1773 it was moved to a niche in the outer wall of the choir. In 1774, the responsible pastor Krick moved the statue back into the church for fear of theft. The original altar was removed when the north aisle was demolished in the course of a renovation and expansion of the pilgrimage church by the Würzburg cathedral master builder Hans Skull in the years 1955–1957.
The miraculous image now hovers over a simple stone canteen in the middle of a candlestick in a mandorla . It is thus torn from its original context; Hans skull, who is responsible for the redesign of the site, nevertheless strived for a harmonious effect within the Gothic church interior.
Pilgrimage church
A chapel in Kälberau was first mentioned in 1372; since 1603 the "fortified church with solid ring walls" has been called a pilgrimage church. The defensive nature of the original complex can still be clearly seen in today's building, surrounded by a small walled churchyard with large chestnut trees.
In the mid-1950s, the chapel had become too small for the growing stream of pilgrims returning from the war after the Second World War . A four conches -Anbau by Hans skull made of reinforced concrete and glass was consecrated on October 6, 1957th It is connected by a corridor to the old chapel, which left skulls standing with the exception of the north aisle. In this respect, the originally two-aisled chapel is now only one-nave.
The history of the building and its result - a symbiosis of the original Gothic chapel and the annexed skull - shows parallels to the Hessenthal pilgrimage church .
The original chapel
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The approximately 10 meter long Gothic nave has a flat roof, while the raised choir with a 3/8 end still has the original ribbed vault with three figural keystones .
With his redesign of the interior around the miraculous image, Hans skull strived for a cohesive effect within the Gothic architecture. This includes the colored glass panels, used by Curd Lessig (Würzburg) in the pointed arch lancet windows with trefoil - tracery .
For the last time, for the beginning of the 20th century, a carved Mother of God enthroned with baby Jesus is documented in the "Art Guide of the Kingdom of Bavaria" (1916). The sculpture, which was already badly damaged at the time, has been lost and was replaced by a replica in 1995. On the side walls are a number of statues of saints from the 19th century of different artistic quality, for example Antonius of Padua , Rochus of Montpellier , Wendelinus , Joseph and Maria's parents Anna and Joachim .
Hans skull extension
The interior is remarkably light due to the wide glass bands between the concrete shells. Above it, the ceiling arches like a canopy made of prestressed concrete, from which glass pendulums hang on long strings. This light architecture - enabling a creative combination of natural and artificial light on cloudy days or at dusk - is characteristic of church interiors from the 1950s, as can also be illustrated by the buildings by Dominikus Böhm and his son Gottfried .
The central piece of equipment - a Gothic Madonna with the grape (around 1450) - stands on a trapezoidal stone altar from 1966 in an extraordinary contrast to this church interior .
Organs
Kemper organ
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In the old nave there is an instrument made by Emanuel Kemper & Sohn from Lübeck and was installed around 1958 on the corner of the rear wall of the nave. This arrangement was obviously chosen so that the organ should fill both the old and the new church interior from its position. Due to the narrow and long passage between the two parts of the church, this apparently only worked with great difficulty. For this reason, the Ott organ described below was purchased to accompany the services in the new part of the church in 2011. Since then, the Kemper organ has only been used sporadically, especially to accompany church services and devotions in the old nave. The instrument also has the Kemper-typical Pitman drawers and electropneumatic playing and stop actions. The gaming table is also set up at ground level with a view of the altar of the new extension. The disposition of the Kemper organ is as follows:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
- Playing aids : 2 free combinations, tutti
Ott organ
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The organ, which is mainly used today, is located in the new part of the church directly behind the altar and was built in 1960 by the organ builder Paul Ott (Göttingen). It stood in the Bonn Castle Church until 2011. The slider chest instrument has 23 registers on two manuals and a pedal. The playing and stop actions are mechanical. The disposition in the main work is strongly influenced by South German-Italian Baroque. This can be recognized by the fact that the high aliquot registers are divided into individual register lines and are not combined as a mixture as is usual, as well as by the lack of a reed voice. The bright and glittering sound is ideally suited for the presentation of baroque music. The sound is neither shrill nor intrusive, which is unusual for the time it was built and for the organ builder. The swellable breastwork, on the other hand, shows the influence of the organ movement, it has the typical North German structure with flute plenum, Scharff and shelf as the organ's only reed part. These registers, too, untypical for the organ movement, are neither too overtone nor penetratingly screaming. Although the breastwork is small in size, it offers a wide range of voices especially for North German baroque music. The organ is therefore ideally suited for both liturgy and concerts. These take place regularly with a varied program and well-known organists from all over Germany, and organ vespers are an integral part of the pilgrimage days.
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- Coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
Pallottine Monastery
In 1955 Kälberau, which previously belonged to Alzenau, became its own parish. Pallottines , who had lived on the Reuschberg near Kleinkahl since the beginning of the 20th century , were entrusted with the organization of pilgrimages, pastoral care and religious instruction . They were housed in the manor next to the church. In November 2018 the last Pallottines said goodbye. Since then, the place of pilgrimage has been looked after by the pastoral team of the urban area of Alzenau.
Nevertheless, Kälberau is still an important place of pilgrimage in the 21st century. Annually there are two pilgrimages for the sick at Pentecost and the Visitation of the Virgin Mary, as well as a pilgrimage for the patron saint's feast of the Birth of Mary with several thousand participants. Retreats and youth services round off this program.
Pilgrimage route
In 1710, in addition to the pilgrimage church, a pilgrimage route was built between Alzenau and Kälberau with seven wayside shrines to commemorate the seven sorrows of Mary :
- Offering in the temple (prophecy of Simeon )
- Escape to Egypt
- Loss of 12 year old Jesus in the temple
- Passion : Jesus meets his mother Mary on the Way of the Cross (4th station of the Cross )
- Descent from the Cross
- Lamentation ( pietà )
- Entombment
The 2 km long bike and hiking trail is now part of the European Alzenau 2 cultural route . The shrines were renewed in the 20th century.
The path runs from Alzenau Castle through the lower Kahlgrund with large silver willows in the midst of a field and meadow landscape, first along the Kahl and Kahlgrundbahn , then along a tributary stream to the outskirts of Kälberau and over a few streets to the pilgrimage church. School classes from Kälberau planted young trees on the route between 2002 and 2006 ( field maple , black alder , mountain ash , black poplar ). Furthermore, the pilgrimage route is part of the Alzenau planetary route, which runs from the Alzenau castle car park to the Michelbach train station. The planet path was designed by the astronomy working group of the Spessart-Gymnasium Alzenau and financially supported by the city of Alzenau.
literature
Pilgrimage church Maria zum Rauhen Wind, Schnell-Kunstführer No. 699, 4th edition 1992
Individual evidence
- ^ Description of the Kemper organ
- ↑ Information on the organ
Web links
Pilgrimage church Maria zum Rauhen Wind (Kuratie Kälberau)
Coordinates: 50 ° 5 ′ 32.9 " N , 9 ° 5 ′ 43.4" E