Marianna from Martines

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Anton von Maron : Marianna Martines (no year)

Marianna von Martines , also called Nannette Martinez (born May 4, 1744 in Vienna ; † December 13, 1812 there ) was an Austrian composer , harpsichordist and singer (soprano).

Life

Marianna Martines was born in Vienna in 1744 as the daughter of Theresia and Nicolò Martines, a Neapolitan and master of ceremonies of the papal nuncio in Vienna. She had eleven siblings, six of whom died in childhood. One sister and four brothers remained. On January 23, 1774, Empress Maria Theresa raised them to the herbland knighthood.

Marianna Martines received education and support in music, but also in languages ​​and literature, from the Italian poet and librettist Pietro Metastasio (1698–1782), the court poet under Emperor Charles VI. was. Martines' father came to the Michaelerhaus at Kohlmarkt No. 1182 (from 1795 No. 1220) as a friend of Metastasios and lived there with his family as the poet's lodger.

In her short autobiography Martines names only two teachers: Joseph Haydn and Giuseppe Bonno . Nicola Porpora and Johann Adolph Hasse are not mentioned by her. She had piano lessons from the young Joseph Haydn since she was ten. He lived in the same house and gave her daily lessons for free. At the beginning of this training Marianna Martines is said to have played brilliantly.

Through her father and Metastasio, Martines made contacts with important personalities in politics, culture and society at an early age. She often sang and played at court at the invitation of Empress Maria Theresa. She gave musical soirees in her home at least once a week . There is no proof of a joint appearance with Mozart . The honorary doctorate allegedly awarded to her by the University of Padua cannot be proven either. Metastasio died in 1782 and left his fortune to the Martines siblings.

Marianna von Martines died of tuberculosis on December 13, 1812 at the age of 68 . Two days earlier, her three years younger sister Antonia, with whom Marianna had lived for decades, had died of old age. Martines was buried in the Sankt Marxer Friedhof in Vienna.

Working as a composer

In 1761, at the age of 17, Martines first appeared as a composer. One of their masses was performed in the Vienna Hofkirche St. Michael. This received general recognition. In 1760/1771 she sent some of her compositions to the renowned composer and music theorist Padre Giovanni Battista Martini (1706–1784), who gave her works a positive assessment. Her piano sonatas in E major and A major were published in an anthology by the music publisher Johann Ulrich Hafner (1711–1767) in 1760. This was considered to be an important proof of quality. It remained her only publications during her lifetime.

In 1773 she was accepted into the Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna . The organizer of this Accademia , founded in 1666, was Padre Martini. To be accepted there was a high distinction that only very few and very good composers were granted. One of the tasks of the entrance exam was arranging an antiphon for four voices. In the assessment of Martines, "the delicacy, the genius" and "the amazing precision [...] of her composition" were particularly emphasized.

In 1781 Martines composed the oratorio Sant'Elena al Calvario based on a libretto by her mentor Pietro Metastasio. In the following year 1782 she wrote what is perhaps her most famous work Isacco figura del redentore ( Isaac - Model of the Redeemer ), also based on a libretto Metastasios. This was performed with great success by the Wiener Tonkünstler-Sozietät.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Michael Lorenz : Martines, Maron and a Latin Inscription. Blog post on October 1, 2012, accessed December 3, 2015. (English)
  2. ^ Marianna von Martines at Operissimo  on the basis of the Great Singer Lexicon
personal data
SURNAME Martines, Marianna from
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Martínez, Mariana; Martinez, Nannette
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian composer, harpsichordist and singer (soprano)
DATE OF BIRTH May 4, 1744
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH December 13, 1812
Place of death Vienna