Martin Gotthard Oberländer

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Martin Gotthard Oberländer (born May 7, 1801 in Langenbernsdorf , † May 16, 1868 in Dresden ) was a German lawyer and politician . He was a member of the Saxon State Parliament and in 1848/49 Saxon Minister of the Interior .

Martin Gotthard Oberländer

Life

The farmer's son, according to other sources, miller and court maker Martin Gotthard Oberländer and his wife Johanne Sophie geb. Hiller in Langenbernsdorf attended school in the neighboring small town of Werdau from the age of 7 . Since his schooling fell in the time of the Napoleonic Wars and the rise in prices, as a boy he had to experience various billeting and times without food. He was already busy learning the ancient and French languages ​​when his parents sent him to the grammar school in Altenburg . From 1820 he studied at the University of Leipzig , where he came under suspicion of a fraternity to be the law . After passing his faculty examination, he went to the western Saxon city of Zwickau , where he took on various judicial and administrative tasks from October 1825. Initially he worked as an unpaid council and police notary, but has already received approval in 1826 as a lawyer . At the same time he became a committee member of the Zwickau poor relief association for advice and action .

Oberländer was married to Caroline Charlotte Schumann from Zwickau on October 20, 1831. Their son Felix Martin Oberländer was an important physician and urologist.

When the Saxon City Code was introduced in 1832 , he was employed as a court actuary and deputy city judge in Zwickau and at the same time appointed to a city councilor and chairman of the city council. In January 1835 he was appointed a paid member of the Zwickau city council.

As deputy member of the 15th urban electoral district, he was already represented in the state parliaments in 1836/37 and 1839/40; from 1842 to 1847 he was a regular member of the constituency in the second chamber of the Saxon state parliament , where he became one of the leading politicians of the left opposition. His contemporary Bernhard Hirschel characterized him as the "ideal [...] principle of liberalism ". Furthermore, he was "the peculiar German type of representative of the people, strictly constitutional, speculative, comfortable, always full of trust despite all knowledge of the opposing conditions, hence the direct contrast of a diplomat, thoroughly honest and sincere, raving about freedom, full of ardent love for the narrowly limited Fatherland, but seeing in this only part of the great "one" whole ". Around 1845 he himself described his nature and work as follows: “My inner being is warmed by the love for freedom, justice and fatherland; the liberal system, which so closely conforms to the Christian moral doctrine of Christianity, and the principles of reasonable law are deeply rooted in my heart. As long as I am called by my fellow citizens as their representative at the Diet, I will not give way by a hair from the principles that have been applied so far, for as far as I am from all lust for glory, I still have an ambition, namely, not to be an unworthy comrade among the real and noble men of the people, and to live on in the little that I am allowed to do with God's help in the memory of the good, but especially of the true friends of the fatherland and the constitution ”.

In the course of the March Revolution he was appointed Minister of the Interior in the liberal cabinet under the leadership of Karl Alexander Hermann Braun on March 25, 1848 . An important goal of his ministerial activity was to solve the general radical politicization in the Kingdom of Saxony, in particular by solving the explosive commercial and social situation. After Luise Otto-Peters had published her “address of a girl to the esteemed Minister Oberländer, to the workers commission appointed by him and to all workers” in the “Leipziger Arbeiter-Zeitung” on May 20, 1848 , she became finance minister Robert Georgi asked for a personal interview in which she should make suggestions for solving the issues of women's work organization. Another aspect was the liberalization of the Saxon electoral law , which was finally achieved on November 15, 1848 with the Provisional Electoral Law .

From the Regent Archduke John of Austria , he was in August 1848 in addition to his Saxon minister for Reich Commissioner for the Reuss areas appointed. As a representative of the 73rd, 74th and 75th constituencies, he was a member of the Saxon Chamber I at the Landtag , which met at the beginning of 1849 . After the Braun cabinet resigned in the dispute with the state parliament in February 1849, he continued to work as a secret government councilor in the Ministry of the Interior and as chairman of the Royal Real Estate Fire Insurance in Dresden, which he managed to expand into a compulsory state insurance company until his death . His work there brought him from the Sächsische Constitutionellen Zeitung in 1857 the reproach of representing a “socialist worldview” and “wanting to raise the state to a general insurance institute”.

One of his grandsons was William Oberländer .

Honors

For his many years of political work in the city of Zwickau, he was made an honorary citizen there in 1868.

Works

  • The fire insurance companies before the assembly of the Kingdom of Saxony: a contribution to the fire insurance legislation in its economic importance , Leipzig 1857

literature

  • Arthur Frey: Characters of the Present - portrayed based on authentic sources , Mannheim 1848, p. 137ff ( digitized version )
  • Arthur Frey: Oberländer - Biographical sketch , Leipzig and Dresden, 1848 ( digitized version )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Arthur Frey: Characters of the Present , 1848, p. 142
  2. ↑ a b c d Short biography of Oberländer on the homepage of the Saxon Ministry of the Interior
  3. ↑ Another son they shared was the writer Richard Oberländer .
  4. ↑ a b Arthur Frey: Characters of the Present , 1848, p. 145
  5. ^ Josef Matzerath : Aspects of the Saxon State Parliament History - Presidents and Members of Parliament from 1833 to 1952 , Dresden 2001, p. 118
  6. ↑ Bernhard Hirschel : Saxony's government, estates and people , Mannheim 1846, p. 42 ( digitized version )
  7. ↑ Arthur Frey: Characters of the Present , 1848, p. 150f
  8. ^ Andreas Neemann: State Parliament and Politics in the Response Time - Saxony 1849 / 50–1866 , Droste: Düsseldorf, 2000, p. 36 ISBN 3-7700-5232-3
  9. ↑ Margret Budde presents Luise Otto-Peters , PDF
  10. ^ Andreas Neemann: Landtag and politics in the reaction time - Saxony 1849 / 50-1866 , Droste: Düsseldorf, 2000, p. 43ff ISBN 3-7700-5232-3
  11. ^ Josef Matzerath: Aspects of the history of the Saxon state parliament - presidents and members of parliament from 1833 to 1952 , Dresden 2001, p. 47
  12. ^ Andreas Neemann: Landtag and politics in the reaction time ... , p. 190
  13. ↑ http://www.photospuren.de/ahn02.htm
personal data
SURNAME Oberländer, Martin Gotthard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer and politician, MdL (Kingdom of Saxony), Saxon Interior Minister
DATE OF BIRTH May 7, 1801
PLACE OF BIRTH Langenbernsdorf
DATE OF DEATH May 16, 1868
Place of death Dresden