Matthias Domaschk

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Matthias Domaschk (born June 12, 1957 in Görlitz ; † April 12, 1981 in Gera ) was a representative of the civil rights movement of the GDR and a victim of the Stasi .

Life

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Domaschk began training as a precision mechanic with high school diploma at VEB Carl Zeiss Jena in September 1974 . Since 1975 he has been involved in the young community of Jena-Stadtmitte. In 1976 he took part in protests against Wolf Biermann's expatriation from the GDR, and the first interrogations were carried out by the MfS . In 1977 he organized relief operations (letters and parcels) for arrested members of the Jena opposition and drove with his then partner Renate Groß to Prague , where both reported to the newly founded Charter 77 about the events in Jena. The trip was perceived by state authorities as a conspiratorial act. Because of his political commitment, he was excluded from the Abitur class four weeks before the oral Abitur exams and was only able to complete his skilled worker training. This meant that he could no longer study geodesy as planned .

Former home of Matthias Domaschk and Renate Groß (Jena, Am Rähmen 3, demolished 2014)

From autumn 1977 to 1979 he did basic military service in the National People's Army and then worked as a machinist at the Central Institute for Microbiology and Experimental Therapy in Jena. In 1980 he took part in meetings of the initiative group for a social peace service as well as in East-West meetings between former Jena residents and actors from the Young Community in Poland . With his friend from Jena, Peter Rösch , he visited Gdansk , where contacts to the Polish Solidarność were to be established. An informer for the Stasi reported on March 23, 1981 his commanding officer Roland banquets, Domaschk wanted the politically forced exmatrikulierten philosophy student Siegfried Reiprich as "ideological head" of a terrorist group along the lines of the Italian Red Brigades win. The report was wrong.

On April 10, 1981, Domaschk was on the way with Rösch to a birthday party in East Berlin . On the same weekend, the 10th SED Party Congress took place there . On the orders of the Stasi , Domaschk and Rösch were arrested on the train and, after an initial interrogation in Jüterbog, were taken to the Stasi remand prison in Gera the next day . The accusation: they planned disruptive actions during the party congress.

In Gera, on April 12th, after hours of interrogation, Domaschk wrote a handwritten declaration of commitment to unofficially work for the MfS. Shortly afterwards, before his official release around 2 p.m., he was killed in the visitor room of the MfS remand prison under unexplained circumstances. The information on the time of death vary by 15 minutes in the MfS files. According to the official version of the MfS, Domashk committed suicide. This is still very much doubted by friends today.

Impact history

Reception in the GDR

The news of Domaschk's death got around like wildfire in opposition circles in Jena and spread to other cities in the GDR. Although the state security tried to prevent it, more than a hundred friends came to Matthias Domaschk's funeral on April 16, 1981, and the Stasi counted 107 mourners.

After Domaschk's death, there was an increased rebellion in Jena and an increase in requests to leave the country .

Domaschk's friends Roland Jahn , Petra Falkenberg and Manfred Hildebrandt drew attention to his unexplained death on the first anniversary of his death with a funeral advertisement, which they also secretly posted in well-frequented locations in the city.

A commemorative sculpture that the Jena sculptor Michael Blumhagen set up in the Johannisfriedhof at Easter 1982 was stolen four days later by a task force on behalf of the State Security. Roland Jahn photographed the evacuation.

Legal review after 1990

The question of whether Domaschk really committed suicide, fell victim to an accident or was murdered has not yet been clarified beyond doubt because the MfS officers responsible are silent. In September 2000 there was the last trial in which his friend Peter Rösch testified as a witness. The indictment of deprivation of liberty was negotiated according to the GDR penal code, since the available evidence that spoke against suicide could neither prove an externally induced result of death nor a clear perversion of the law, according to the responsible public prosecutor in Gera . She has therefore rejected the criminal complaint of deprivation of liberty resulting in death. The MfS officers were sentenced to low daily rates for deprivation of liberty . It is clear to the bereaved and friends that the Stasi is responsible for Domaschk's death.

In January 2015, the red-red-green Thuringian state government ( cabinet Ramelow I ) , in office since December 2014, announced a renewed review of the case.

Honors

Matthias Domaschk Grave of Honor (Jena, North Cemetery, 2011)

In the Jena district of Lobeda-West , a street is named after Matthias Domaschk. A lecture hall at the Friedrich Schiller University Jena was named after the student council in 2009 . On the 30th anniversary of his death, a grave of honor was inaugurated in the Jena North Cemetery in Urnenhain IIIa .

Two archives that emerged from the GDR opposition and are dedicated to coming to terms with the SED dictatorship bear his name: the Matthias Domaschk Archive in the Robert Havemann Society . V. in Berlin and the Thuringian Archive for Contemporary History "Matthias Domaschk" , e. V. in Jena.

literature

Web links

Commons : Matthias Domaschk  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Freya Klier: Matthias Domaschk and the Jena Resistance . Bürgerbüro Berlin eV, Berlin 2007, p. 49 ( Online ( Memento from 23 September 2015 in the Internet Archive ))
  2. ↑ https://www.kas.de/web/thueringen/veranstaltungsberichte/detail/-/content/opposition-gegen-das-sed-regime-in-thueringen-v1
  3. ^ Actions after the death of Matthias Domaschk on jugendopposition.de ( Federal Center for Civic Education / Robert Havemann Society ), viewed on March 8, 2017.
  4. ^ Actions after the death of Matthias Domaschk . On: jugendopposition.de, Federal Center for Civic Education / Robert Havemann Society , accessed on March 8, 2017.
  5. ↑ http://www.horch-und-guck.info/hug/archiv/2000-2003/sonderheft-1/sh0106/ ( Memento from March 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ Gerold Hildebrand : Mourning, Anger and Accusation After the Death of Matthias Domaschk ( Memento from March 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), Editorial ( Memento from March 25, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), Dorothea Fischer: "The decisive factor was where he died is. " ( Memento from March 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ↑ Interview with Roland Jahn, in: Horch und Guck , special issue Matthias Domaschk ( Memento of April 17, 2010 in the Internet Archive ), 2003, pp. 64–66 "Matz accompanied my thoughts in prison." ( Memento from January 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ^ GDR: Mourning Man . In: Der Spiegel . No. 26 , 1982 ( online ).
  9. ^ [1] Actions after the death of Matthias Domaschk on  jugendopposition.de  ( Federal Center for Civic Education / Robert Havemann Society  eV), viewed on March 8, 2017.
  10. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  11. ↑ How did Matthias Domaschk die? Red-red-green rolls up dubious GDR deaths. OTZ.de, January 25, 2015, accessed on January 26, 2015 .
  12. ↑ Gerald Eisenblätter: Auditorium renaming followed by a panel discussion. Conference of Saxon student bodies, April 27, 2009, accessed on January 26, 2015 .
  13. ↑ Thomas Beier: New honorary grave for Matthias Domaschk at the north cemetery , in: TLZ from April 13, 2011
  14. ↑ http://www.thueraz.de/index.php?id=19
personal data
SURNAME Domaschk, Matthias
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German civil rights activist (GDR) and victim of the Stasi
DATE OF BIRTH June 12, 1957
PLACE OF BIRTH Goerlitz
DATE OF DEATH April 12, 1981
Place of death Gera