Max Friedlaender (lawyer)

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Max Friedlaender (born June 28, 1873 in Bromberg ; died May 28, 1956 in Twickenham , London ) was a German lawyer and pioneer of legal law .

Life

Max Friedlaender was the second son of the banker and mansion member Dagobert Friedlaender from his second marriage to Laura Oettinger. The father was the victim of an anti-Semitic smear campaign and in 1882, resigned, moved with the family from Bromberg to Frankfurt am Main , where Friedlaender graduated from the Frankfurt municipal high school at the age of seventeen . He began studying law at the French-speaking University of Geneva . After further semesters in Heidelberg , Strasbourg and Berlin , he completed his law studies at the University of Leipzigon June 4, 1896 with the doctorate .

Friedlaender lived in Munich from 1894 , where he passed the legal traineeship, became a legal trainee at the District Court of Munich I , among others , and was accepted as a partner in a law firm after the second state examination. In 1901 he married Bella Forchheimer, and their son Otto was born in 1902. Since 1908, written by him and his brother Adolf, District Court Counselor in Limburg an der Lahn , a commentary on the bar code was published, until 1930 in the third edition, in which the professional law of the legal profession was summarized and a code of honor was formulated. Friedlaender stood up for the free legal profession and against admission restrictions. In addition to his legal practice, he wrote for those of Julius Magnus supervised Legal weekly , predecessor of the NJW , in the following period about one thousand posts.

During the First World War he shared the policy of German war aims and after the November Revolution he joined the resident army . He became a board member of the Munich Bar Association (1911-1927) and co-founder of the Bavarian Bar Association and its chairman from 1919. From 1924 he was a member of the board of the German Bar Association and an active association politician. He was removed from this office in 1933 for racist reasons.

After the handover of power to the National Socialists in 1933, he and his two partners were able to continue working in the law firm, but the law firm lost its clientele as a result of the public stigmatization of Jews . His last publication was an article in the monthly magazine for criminal psychology at the end of 1933. His commentary on the lawyer's rules disappeared from the book trade and was replaced by a plagiarism from which the plagiarist, the Vice President of the Reich Bar Association Erwin Noack , had removed the Jewish lawyers quoted there. In 1937 he represented Felix Herzfelder , who had written the section on inheritance law in Staudinger , against J. Schweitzer Verlag . The publishing house was represented by Fritz Ostler , who polemically equated Herzfelder with Shylock , whereupon he was asked by chairman Hans Ehard whether Herzfelder had to lose the trial because he was Jewish . Ehard passed a courageous verdict despite the anti-Semitic propaganda.

Immediately after the Reichspogromnacht 1938 Friedlaender was arrested, but was released again due to a misunderstanding among the henchmen and fled to his nephew Hans W. Maier in Zurich . In March 1939 he flew from Zurich to his brother Artur in London . On July 31, 1939, his doctorate in Germany was revoked and his German citizenship revoked on August 3, 1939 . After the outbreak of war he was interned in Great Britain as an enemy alien on the Isle of Man and released from internment in September 1940 .

After the end of the war he advised the United Restitution Organization . His advice on the revision of the Federal Lawyers' Act in the Federal Republic was not asked for. In 1953 the German Lawyers' Association made him an honorary member. Friedlaender never returned to Germany.

Friedlaender had four children: Rudolf , who died as a soldier on the English side in World War II. His son Gerhart (Gert), emigrated to the USA in 1936, studied chemistry there and worked on the Manhattan Project at a young age . Daughter Leonore (1904–1995) married the economist George Nikolaus Halm and emigrated with him to Great Britain in 1937.

The Bavarian Bar Association has been awarding the Max Friedlaender Prize since 2001 . In 2006 the "Max-Friedlaender-Bogen" was named after him in the Schwanthalerhöhe district of Munich , a street near the Hackerbrücke .

Fonts

  • Lawyers and lawyer problems in beautiful literature . Beck, Munich 1956
  • Legal tragedy and poetry. In: Festschrift for Albert Pinner . 1932
  • Comment on the 13th Ordinance on the fees of lawyers (Gold Fees) and on the reimbursement of legal costs of 13 December 1923 Act . 1924
  • Commentary on the Lawyers' Act of July 1878 . 1930
  • The objective procedure according to the law of the Reich criminal procedure . Diss. Leipzig 1894
  • Education in civil law . Archives for civil law.

literature

  • Eberhard Haas; Eugen Ewig: Max O. Friedlaender. Pioneer and thought leader in legal law. In: Helmut Heinrichs (Ed.): German lawyers of Jewish origin . Beck, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-406-36960-X , pp. 555-569.
  • Tilmann Krach: Max Friedlaender. In: Thomas Henne (Ed.): The withdrawal of doctoral degrees from the law faculty of the University of Leipzig 1933–1945 . Leipziger Univ.-Verl., Leipzig 2007, pp. 89–92.
  • Joseph Walk (ed.): Short biographies on the history of the Jews 1918–1945. Edited by the Leo Baeck Institute, Jerusalem. Saur, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-598-10477-4 , p. 104.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Thomas Henne (Ed.): The withdrawal of doctoral degrees , 2007, p. 112
  2. ↑ Adolf Friedlaender (1869-1942) committed, from the threat of deportation from Frankfurt suicide . See Horst Göppinger: Jurists of Jewish descent in the "Third Reich": disenfranchisement and persecution . Munich: Beck 1990, p. 232
  3. ↑ Max Friedlaender: The memoirs of the lawyer Max Friedlaender , p. 175. Fritz Ostler was after 1945 the chairman of the Munich Bar Association and the Bavarian Bar Association and thus Friedlaender's successor.
  4. ↑ Michael Hepp (ed.): The expatriation of German citizens 1933-45 according to the lists published in the Reichsanzeiger. 1. Lists in chronological order , Saur, Munich 1985, p. 202.
  5. ↑ Max Friedlaender: The memoirs of the lawyer Max Friedlaender , p. 150f
  6. ^ Winner of the Max Friedlaender Award Ceremony , at the Bavarian Bar Association
  7. ↑ Page about the Max-Friedlaender-Bogen on muenchen.de , accessed on January 30, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Friedlaender, Max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH June 28, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Bromberg
DATE OF DEATH May 28, 1956
Place of death Twickenham , London