Medebacher Bucht (bird sanctuary)

	EU bird sanctuary ; "Medebacher Bucht"
location	Hochsauerlandkreis , North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany
Identifier	DE-4717-401
WDPA ID	555537557
Natura 2000 ID	DE-4717-401
Bird sanctuary	138.493 km²
Geographical location	51 ° 11 ' N , 8 ° 38' E Coordinates: 51 ° 11 '10 " N , 8 ° 37' 31" E
Setup date	2000
administration	Regional council Arnsberg

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The Medebacher Bucht area is a European bird sanctuary (protected area identifier DE-4717-401) in the east of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, which was designated by the Arnsberg Regional Council in 2000 .

The Birds Directive of the European Union serves to preserve the wild bird species native to the territory of its member states and to regulate the protection, management and regulation of these birds, their eggs and habitats .

location

The approximately 138 square kilometer “Medebacher Bucht” bird sanctuary is located in the southeast of the Hochsauerland district , right on the border with the Waldeck-Frankenberg district in Hesse . It therefore belongs on the one hand to the Winterberg plateau and thus to the central Rothaar Mountains as well as to the East Sauerland mountain range . The protected area extends between the eponymous small town of Medebach in the north, Winterberg in the west, Hallenberg in the south and the state border in the east.

history

In 1990 the Association for Nature and Bird Protection in the Hochsauerlandkreis (VNV) proposed to the International Council for Bird Protection that the Medebach Bay be designated. In 1998 it was designated as a bird sanctuary. In the 1990s, the VNV had 4 to 5 breeding pairs (BP) black stork (10–15% of the NRW population), 20 BP red kite (5–10% of the NRW population), 300 to 500 BP red-backed killer (15–20%) of the NRW population), 30 BP gray shrike (30–50% of the NRW population), 60 whinchat (20% of the NRW population) and 30 BP gray woodpecker (3–5% of the NRW population) detected. At the request of the VNV, the NRW Foundation bought land in Piezfeld and Gelängebachtal in the 1990s. In 1997 the state of North Rhine-Westphalia made DM 2.5 million available to improve the habitat of the gray shrike. These funds were approved over five years. The implementation of the project was in the hands of the Biological Station Hochsauerlandkreis .

From 2005 to 2009 a LIFE project of the European Union ran in the bird sanctuary Medebacher Bucht . The project sponsor on site was the Biological Station Hochsauerlandkreis.

During the LIFE project, water renaturation was carried out on the rivers Nuhne , Orke and Gelänge . Over 1000 meters of bank reinforcement could be removed from the Nuhne so that natural bank and bed structures can develop. At Nuhne, Gelänge and Orke a total of 74 weirs were rebuilt and are now passable again for fish and other small organisms.

With the hay grass seed , with cuttings from the Medebach Bay, the station inoculated formerly species-poor locations. Two double-knife cutter bars, which were purchased from project funds, can be loaned to interested farmers upon request from the biological station. On the Hilmesberg near Hesborn , large areas of unrelated and monotonous spruce stands were removed. The surfaces were inoculated with heather seeds in a special injection process. The two kinds of berries blueberry and cranberry were autochthonous abgeplaggten Soden applied.

In 2019 the Bird Protection Action Plan (VMP) of the EU Bird Protection Area Medebacher Bucht was published by the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia . It was found that since the designation there has been a decline in many bird species in the bird sanctuary as well, as there was a strong intensification of agriculture in the Medebach Bay. The 'Bird Protection Action Plan' lists measures to stop the decline in bird species in the protected area.

description

The protected area "Medebacher Bucht" is defined as an area in the "rain shadow of the Rothaargebirge bordering to the west with a high biodiversity of biotopes , hedges and fields, gold and smooth oat meadows, marsh marigold meadows, red fescue pastures, heather-like vegetation, forests rich in springs, beech forests near mountain ranges such as Halle brook , natural mountain streams such as Halle brooks and Orke as well as ravine and shadow slope forests ”.

The bird sanctuary is home to the absolutely highest density of red backed killer and gray shrike in North Rhine-Westphalia.

Habitat classes

The following area proportions according to habitat class are recorded in the protected area:



N06 - standing and flowing inland waters			2%
N08 - heather, scrub			1 %
N10 - moist and mesophilic grassland			44%
N15 - other farmland			5%
N16 - deciduous forest			27%
N20 - artificial forests			20%
N22 - inland rocks, scree and rubble heaps, sandy areas00			1 %

Habitat types

The following habitat types are described in the "Medebacher Bucht" bird sanctuary :

3260 - Rivers of the planar to montane level with vegetation of the Ranunculion fluitantis and the Callitricho-Batrachion
4030 - Dry European heaths
5130 - Common juniper formations on limestone heaths and lawns
6510 - Lean, lowland hay meadows
6520 - mountain hay meadows
8150 - Debris heaps containing pebbles in the mountains of Central Europe
9110 - Hainsimsen-Buchenwald
9180 - Tilio-Acerion canyon and slope mixed forests *
91E0 - floodplain forests with black alder and common ash *

Note: * = threatened with disappearing, the European Community has a special responsibility for its preservation.

Protection purpose

The main protection purpose is the preservation of an extensive cultural landscape with its existing habitat diversity. This includes measures such as the purchase of land, extensive use of grassland, contractual nature conservation, use of wet meadows and pastures in line with nature conservation, natural and nature conservation-oriented management of forests, maintenance of the near-natural river regime as well as nature-friendly management of recreational use.

The area-related conservation and development goals are described differently depending on the species .

Breeding birds

Whinchat

Preservation of extensively cultivated grassland complexes that were mostly mowed late, especially with litter meadow areas, preservation of large sedge reeds, moors and heaths, fringing strips such as road and field borders as well as marginal and old grass strips, but also fallow and wood-free embankments, isolated bushes, tall perennials, cairns and other structures suitable as hunting, sitting and singing stations, secondary habitats such as abandoned mining sites with the aforementioned habitats, preservation of the food supply, especially with insects, and maintenance of undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season from May 1 to August 31

kingfisher

Kingfisher in hovering flight

Preservation and development of dynamic river systems with flood zones, impact slopes, steep banks, the avoidance of the fragmentation of the populated habitats, the preservation and promotion of a permanent supply of natural nesting sites, the careful water maintenance taking into account the demands of the species, the reduction of nutrient, pollutant and sediment inputs in the area of the food waters as well as the avoidance of disturbances at the breeding grounds from March to September

Gray woodpecker

Preservation and development of extensive, habitat-typical deciduous and mixed forests - especially beech forests - with up to ten trees per hectare and high proportions of old and dead wood , avoiding the fragmentation and islanding of the populated forest areas, the preservation and development of sunny clearings, forest edges, light forest structures and small structures as well as grassland as food areas, the improvement of the food supply (e.g. reduced fertilization, no pesticides), the maintenance of cave trees and the promotion of a permanent supply of suitable breeding trees (especially> 100-year-old beeches, trees with damaged areas) and avoidance of disturbances in the breeding grounds from March to July

Woodlark

Preservation and development of dry, sandy, vegetation-poor areas of the semi-open landscape as well as of unpaved sandy forest and field paths with nutrient-poor borders, the improvement of agricultural habitats through the extensification of land use, maintenance measures to preserve habitats (extensive grazing with sheep or goats, possibly mosaic mowing of small ones Partial areas), the removal of bushes and trees, avoidance of disturbances to the breeding grounds from the end of March to July

Middle woodpecker

Preservation and development of extensive, habitat-typical deciduous and mixed forests as well as hardwood meadows with high proportions of old and dead wood, increasing the proportion of oak forests, avoiding the fragmentation and islanding of suitable forest areas, improving the food supply, maintaining cave trees and promoting a permanent supply of suitable ones Breeding trees as well as avoiding disturbance to the breeding grounds from March to June

Red backs

Preservation of extensively managed orchards, grassland and heathland areas, of low and medium hedges from native species, in particular thorn or prickly wooded trees, preservation of litter meadows and open bog edges, preservation of individual trees and bushes in the open landscape, of fields, grass paths, Ruderal and perennial corridors and fallow land, arable and meadow margins, secondary habitats such as abandoned mining sites with the aforementioned habitats and maintenance of the food supply, especially with larger insects

Little Owl

Preservation and development of extensive, richly structured mixed forests (especially beech forests) with high proportions of old and dead wood as well as with daily cover rich in cover, the avoidance of the fragmentation of the populated forest areas, the preservation and development of clearings and bare areas as food areas, the maintenance and promotion of a permanent Offer of cave trees and the avoidance of disturbances at the breeding grounds from March to July

Gray shrike

Preservation of extensive, extensively managed orchards with numerous bushes, of hedge areas with the small structures there such as stone hedges, small fallow land, swampy depressions, individual bushes and trees, unpaved field paths, preservation of grazed juniper heaths with groups of bushes and trees, preservation of lean grassland, of wasteland - and fallow land as well as fringing strips, preservation of the moors with bushes and break forest islands, the springy places and swampy depressions, preservation of uncut landscapes, in particular without paved paths and roads, preservation of the food supply, especially with small mammals and large insects as well as preservation of undisturbed or at least undisturbed breeding sites during the breeding season from February 15th to July 15th

Red kite

Preservation of diversely structured cultural landscapes with sparse forests, of field trees, large individual trees and rows of trees in the open landscape, of grassland, of old wood islands and old, large-crowned trees with free approach, preservation of trees with clumps, habitats without sources of danger such as non-bird-safe overhead lines and Wind turbines as well as the maintenance of undisturbed or at least low-disturbance breeding sites during the breeding season from March 1st to August 31st

Stonechat

Conservation and development of extensively used open land areas with insect-rich food areas, the extensification of grassland use (grassland mowing only from July 15th, mosaic mowing of small areas, no fertilization, no pesticides), habitat-preserving maintenance measures (extensive grazing (sheep, goats) if possible from 1 August, preservation of individual bushes and trees) as well as the avoidance of disturbances in the breeding grounds from April to July

Black woodpecker

Preservation and development of deciduous and mixed forests typical of habitats - especially beech forests - with high proportions of old and dead wood, avoidance of fragmentation of populated forest areas, preservation and development of sunny clearings, forest edges, light forest structures and small structures (stumps, dead wood) as food areas , the improvement of the food supply (no pesticides), the maintenance of cave trees and the promotion of a permanent supply of suitable breeding trees (especially> 100-year-old beeches) and the avoidance of disturbances in the breeding grounds from March to June

The black woodpecker ( Dryocopus martius ) was bird of the year in Germany in 1981 .

Black stork

Preservation of the natural and near-natural wetlands such as river valleys, floodplain landscapes and moors, the shallow water zones on standing and weakly flowing waters as well as the floodplains, the reed beds, large sedge beds and reed stands with open water areas, preservation of long reed-water boundary lines such as those through bays, reed islands and open water ditches and smaller free water areas within the reed beds, maintenance of large open land complexes of grassland and moors with high groundwater levels, maintenance of a water quality that ensures good visibility for prey, the habitats without sources of danger such as non-bird-safe overhead lines, unsecured chimneys and wind turbines, Preservation of the food supply, in particular with fish, amphibians, small mammals, large insects, reptiles and earthworms as well as the maintenance of undisturbed or at least undisturbed resting and sleeping places see o such as wintering and feeding areas

Pygmy Owl

Conservation and development of extensive, richly structured coniferous and mixed forests of different age classes (including old spruce forests) with high proportions of old and dead wood and with a good number of caves, the conservation and development of adjacent, lighter forest areas as food areas (aisles, forest meadows, forest edges), the Preservation and promotion of a permanent supply of cave trees and the avoidance of disturbances in the breeding grounds from March to July

Honey buzzard

Preservation of diversely structured cultural landscapes, light deciduous and mixed and pine forests, field trees, extensively used grassland, old wood islands and old, large-crowned trees with free access, preservation of the poor grasslands, trees with clumps, preservation of the food supply, especially with wasps and bumblebees as well as the maintenance of undisturbed or at least low-disturbance breeding sites during the breeding season from May 1st to August 31st

Meadow pipit

Preservation and development of extensively used, moist open land areas with food areas rich in insects (e.g. wet, humid, poor grasslands, fallow land, heathland and bogs), the improvement of the water balance to stabilize a high groundwater level in grasslands and the extensification of grassland use

Connection with other protected areas

With the bird sanctuary "Medebacher Bucht", the following, contiguous protected areas (selection) are designated:

FFH area " Liesetal-Hilmesberg " (DE-4817-305)
FFH area " Nuhnewiesen, Wache and Dreisbachtal " (DE-4817-306)
Nature reserve " Böhlen " (HSK-305)
Nature reserve " Die Erlen " (HSK-306)
" Großer Steinberg " nature reserve (HSK-309)
Nuhnewiesen nature reserve (HSK-363)

Landscape maintenance association Medebacher Bucht

In December 2016, the Medebacher Bucht landscape conservation association was founded to strengthen species protection in the bird sanctuary. In addition to farmers from the Medebacher Bucht, the towns of Hallenberg and Medebach, the Association for Nature and Bird Protection in the Hochsauerlandkreis and the Agricultural District Association Hochsauerlandkreis are members of the association. The chairman of the association is Josef Schreiber, chairman of the agricultural district association Hochsauerlandkreis and the managing director is Werner Schubert, head of the Biological Station Hochsauerlandkreis. The landscape maintenance association Medebacher Bucht is the first landscape maintenance association in Westphalia . One focus is the care of the hedges in order to raise the red-backed shrimp population in the bird sanctuary. Furthermore, fallow areas are to be mowed and orchards are to be created.

In 2018, a Christmas tree culture was converted back to grassland for grazing. The area should serve as a breeding ground for the red-backed shrimp.

Others

Four “highlights” nature trails were created for visitors, an observation tower was built in the Nuhnewiesen nature reserve and multimedia exhibitions were set up in Medebach and Hallenberg.

literature

Cultural landscape specialist article on state planning in North Rhine-Westphalia, Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe, 2008, PDF document
Hochsauerlandkreis - Lower Landscape Authority (Hrsg.): Landscape plan Hallenberg. Meschede 2004.
Hochsauerlandkreis - Lower Landscape Authority (ed.): Landscape plan Medebach, Meschede 2003.
Johannes Schröder: Scandal about the bird sanctuary "Medebacher Bucht". In: Irrgeister. 14, 1997, pp. 4-7.

Web links

The protected area at www.protectedplanet.net
The protected area at the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation
The protected area at the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia

Individual evidence

↑ Article 1 of the current Birds Directive

↑ Map of the protected area at www.protectedplanet.net, accessed on May 13, 2020.

↑ Johannes Schröder: Scandal over the bird sanctuary "Medebacher Bucht". In: Irrgeister. 14, 1997, pp. 4-7.

↑ Medebacher Bucht - building block for Natura 2000 , on medebacher-bucht.de

↑ Bird protection plan Medebacher Bucht

↑ Description of the protected area at the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection North Rhine-Westphalia (LANUV), accessed on May 15, 2020.

↑ Farmers and conservationists found the Westfalenpost landscape conservation association on December 2, 2016

↑ Landschaftspflegeverein Medebacher Bucht presents the Westfalenpost project from July 3, 2018

[1] Article 1 of the current Birds Directive

[2] Map of the protected area at www.protectedplanet.net, accessed on May 13, 2020.

[3] Johannes Schröder: Scandal over the bird sanctuary "Medebacher Bucht". In: Irrgeister. 14, 1997, pp. 4-7.

[4] Medebacher Bucht - building block for Natura 2000 , on medebacher-bucht.de

[5] Bird protection plan Medebacher Bucht

[6] Description of the protected area at the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection North Rhine-Westphalia (LANUV), accessed on May 15, 2020.