Michelbach (Sulm)

	Michelbach
	; Image wanted
	Data
Water code	DE : 2385824, DE : 238582
location	Swabian-Franconian forest mountains Front Mainhardt Forest ; Weinsberger valley; Baden-Württemberg Heilbronn district Gde. Obersulm ; ;
River system	Rhine
Drain over	Sulm → Neckar → Rhine → North Sea
source	approx. 1.3 km southeast of Eschenau Castle in the forest between Köberle in the west and Heidenrain in the east ; 49 ° 7 ′ 41 ″ N , 9 ° 24 ′ 52 ″ E
Source height	approx. 320 m above sea level NHN
muzzle	in Obersulm- Affaltrach shortly before the river bridge of the Staffelweg from the right and altogether east-southeast into the middle Sulm coordinates: 49 ° 8 '5 " N , 9 ° 22' 45" E 49 ° 8 '5 " N , 9 ° 22' 45" O;
Mouth height	approx. 193.1 m above sea level NHN
Height difference	approx. 126.9 m
Bottom slope	approx. 27 ‰
length	4.7 km ; with its own upper course
	7.3 km ; with a left tributary Wilhelmsbach as the upper course
Catchment area	9.309 km²

The Michelbach is itself just under 5 km, with its lower course and the longer Wilhelmsbach tributary together over 7 km long brook in the area of the municipality of Obersulm in the district of Heilbronn in northern Baden-Württemberg , the one in the Obersulm village of Affaltrach from the right and finally about northeast at the beginning from the middle reaches into the Sulm .

geography

course

The Michelbach arises in the high forest on the eastern edge of the municipality of Obersulm at about 320 m above sea level. NHN between the Waldgewannen Heidenrain in the east and Köberle in the west. The origin is about 1.2 km north of the Friedrichshof residential area and about 1.3 km southeast of Eschenau Castle in the center of the village of Eschenau . The stream flows in its initial Kerbtal approximately northwards and after about 600 meters reaches the edge of the forest.

Still accompanied by a gallery, it flows in the east to only around 280 m above sea level. NHN in an arch at the eastern foot of the rounded Ammertsberg foothills and then past an Aussiedlerhof in the village of Eschenau, a little further away from the local edge. It crosses under the Köberleweg, which connects the property with the village, and walks for the next half a kilometer, initially along the edge of the village, in a north-northeast direction and with sparser tree vegetation on the bank in a heavily cut railing to another property in an out-of-town location where it is bends to the northwest and immediately crosses under Öhringer Straße (L 1035) and runs through the flood retention basin Michelbach I , which is normally waterless and even partially managed . The valley has meanwhile widened into a wide open hollow, the slopes of which only rise steeply at some distance from the run.

At the outlet under Dammstraße on the northeastern edge of Eschenau, the stream bends to about 220 m above sea level. NHN to the west. The Michelbach now flows through Eschenau, the old town center of which lies a little further on the left bank, with its extensions, but extends to the left bank, while the village extensions on the right bank only reach the course on a shorter section. After the village there are again individual trees on the bank, soon the Mutzelbächle flows from the right and throws under a field shortly before the sewage treatment plant, which drains the vineyards on the right side of the slope of the Sperbelnau forest .

Immediately after the sewage treatment plant, the Michelbach flows at about 205 m above sea level. NHN from the left and from the last south-east towards its largest tributary, the Wilhelmsbach . This arises southeast of the already mentioned Friedrichshof in a higher forest location, leaves the forest heights northwest to west and then runs for a long time along the western foot of the high forest under the vineyards that stand on its slope. This inflow noticeably exceeds the Michelbach upper course in terms of source height, length and catchment area and is therefore part of the Michelbach main line. A good way south of Eschenau it runs through the Wilhelmsbach flood retention basin , in which a lake is permanently dammed.

After this inflow, the stream turns, initially a little away from the settlement edge of the village of Affaltrach , more and more to the south-western course. In its now quite wide floodplain, it first crosses the flood retention basin Michelbach II , which only dams when there is high water, and then passes the Affaltrach open-air pool on the left side of the river. Then the steep vineyard slope of the Salzberg foothills ( 300.5 m above sea level ) moves close to the right bank and enters the village. The Zeilhofbach flows into it from the right and around the north under the Poststrasse, also verdolt, which drains the vineyards on the other side of the salt mountain . After the Michelbach has once again crossed the L 1035, here called Willsnacher Straße , it finally flows out at almost 193.1 m above sea level. NHN from the right and northwest into the Sulm , which begins its middle course around here. In the corner of the mouth, on the spur, stands the small town center of Affaltrach, which has now grown over both bodies of water.

The Michelbach flows after a 4.7 km long run with an average bed gradient of about 27 ‰ about 127 meters above sea level below its source.

Its main line with the Wilhelmsbach as its upper course is as much as 7.3 km long, has an average bed gradient of about 34 ‰ and flows out about 247 meters above sea level below the Wilhelmsbach source called Heiligenbrunnen .

Catchment area

The Michelbach has a 9.3 km² catchment area, which naturally belongs to the northern Swabian-Franconian Forest Mountains , with shares in four different sub-areas of these: its western part with the middle and lower reaches of the Michelsbach belongs to the Weinsberger valley , its southeast part around the upper Wilhelmsbach to the rear Mainhardt forest , its eastern part with the Michelbach headwaters to the front Mainhardt forest and the northern edge to the Sulmer mountain range . Its highest point on the southeast corner in the Graefischen Bergle reaches a height of 506.5 m above sea level. NHN .

That of the Michelbach borders on the catchment areas of the following neighboring waters:

In the north, north of the Sulmer mountain range, the source streams of the Waldbach come together , which drains over the Dimbach to the Brettach ;

in the north-east arises beyond the Eschelbach , which flows a little further up into the Brettach;

in the east, the Gabelbach collects a large part of the runoff from the adjacent forest plateau and leads it even further up into the Brettach;

in the southeast, on a short stretch of watershed in the area of the Graefischer Berg, the catchment area of the Bernbach , the highest of the neighboring tributaries of the Brettach, which drains into the Neckar via the Kocher ;

in the south flows outside the Nonnenbach , the main upper reaches of the Sulm tributary Schlierbach , which takes the outflow on the other side of the western watershed;

in the northwest, the Sulm itself is the next body of water that reaches the Neckar above the Kocher;

in the north-northwest, behind a short stretch of watershed, the next larger right Sulm tributary Seebächle competes .

The hydrologically most important watershed runs from north to east to south-east against the Brettach inflow system. This reaches only smaller heights in the north, greater heights in the east and the greatest in the southeast. The watersheds against the other Sulm tributaries and this itself on the other arch of the total watershed from south to west to north-northwest are, on the other hand, noticeably lower, except for a short section in the south.

There is forest on less than 30% of the catchment area, almost exclusively on the mountain heights in the east and south-east. Wine grows on its western slope into the Wilhelmsbach valley, as well as on the southern slopes to the right of the Michelbach lower course, otherwise the fields opposite the meadows dominate the open corridor. The area belongs almost entirely to the municipality of Obersulm , only tiny fragments in the south to the city of Löwenstein also in the district of Heilbronn and to the north to the municipality of Bretzfeld in the neighboring Hohenlohe district .

All settlement areas also belong to Obersulm. Of these, the village of Eschenau and the estuary village Affaltrach lie on the Michelbach-Lauf . The Friedrichshof farm stands on the right above the valley basin of the upper Wilhelmsbach, the village of Eichelberg at the mouth of the Hundsbergbach. The Zeilhof farm is located in the valley of the lower Michelbach tributary Zeilhofbach.

Tributaries and lakes

List of tributaries and lakes from source to mouth. Length of water, lake area, catchment area and altitude according to the corresponding layers on the LUBW online map. Other sources for the information are noted.

Origin of the Michelbach at about 320 m above sea level. NHN approx. 1.3 km southeast of the castle in Obersulm - Eschenau in the forest between Köberle in the west and Heidenrain in the east. The Michelbach first flows northwards and soon in the open corridor along the eastern edge of Eschenau.

Passes through a chain of three ponds right far above the run in Steigwald to about 320- 315 m above sea level. NHN , which are about half a kilometer east of the outskirts of Eschenau, together about 0.2-0.3 ha.

Flows through below 223.6 m above sea level. NHN the usually dry retention basin Michelbach I on the northeast edge of Eschenau.
Then the Michelbach flows west through Eschenau.

Mutzelbächle , from the right and northwest to about 207 m above sea level. NHN directly in front of the sewage treatment plant to Eschenau, 1.9 km and approx. 0.3 km². Arises at about 265 m above sea level. NHN on the northeastern edge of the Langhansen vineyard to the Sperbelhain forest . Follows as a ditch dirt roads, last verdolt.

Wilhelmsbach , from the left and south-east to just under 206.1 m above sea level. NHN immediately after the sewage treatment plant to Eschenau, 5.7 km and 4.7 km². Rises at about 440 m above sea level. NHN dem Heiligenbrunnen about 1.3 km southeast of Obersulm- Friedrichshof in the forest near the Burgstall (?) Old Castle .
The Michelbach itself is only 3.0 km long up to this tributary, has only accumulated a partial catchment area of 2.6 km² and then turns more and more south-westerly.

(Bach from near the Riedbühlwiese ), from the left and east-southeast to about 310 m above sea level. NHN at the exit of the Wilhelmsbach from the comment forest in the open water blade at the foot of Friedrichshof, approx. 0.5 km and less than 0.3 km². Arises at about 365 m above sea level. NHN on a forest path south of the clearing Riedbühlwiese .
Hundsbergbach , from the left and finally south-southwest to about 291 m above sea level. NHN in Obersulm- Eichelberg , 1.8 km and 1.1 km². Arises at about 385 m above sea level. NHN east of Löwenstein - Reisach in the Klank forest . Flows, soon outside the forest, initially about west-northwest and then swings 90 ° to the right.
Up to this tributary, the Wilhelmsbach is a few meters shorter than this tributary, but has already accumulated a 1.4 km² sub-catchment area.
(Dig from the pipe blade ), from the right and east-southeast to about 260 m above sea level. NHN under the high forest Langer Schlag , approx. 0.4 km and approx. 0.2 km². Arises at about 330 m above sea level. NHN north of Friedrichshof. On the upper reaches of the vineyard ditches in a natural hollow, on the lower reaches of which it appears to be dotted.
Flows through to something below 239.3 m above sea level. NHN the permanently dammed lake in the retention basin Wilhelmsbach about 0.7 km south of the local border of Eschenau and west under the paradise , 1.2 ha.

Flows through to about 205 m above sea level. NHN the usually dry Michelbach II retention basin in front of the Obersulm- Affaltrach swimming pool .

(Short side branch), to and from the left to heights of 201 m above sea level. NHN right after the Michelbach crossing of Affaltracher Mozartstrasse, just under 0.1 km.

Zeilhofbach , from the right to about 199 m above sea level. NHN last verdolt under Poststrasse in Affaltrach, 1.2 km and 1.0 km². Arises at almost 235 m above sea level. NHN in its already wide valley basin between the Zeilrain vineyard slope in the northwest and the community forest on the Salzberg in the southeast.

Mouth of the Michelbach after first north, then west to last south-west run at just under 193.1 m above sea level. NHN in Obersulm- Affaltrach from the right into the Sulm, which begins about its middle course here . The brook itself is 4.7 km long, on the longer strand over its left upper course Wilhelmsbach 7.3 km long and has a 9.3 km² catchment area.

Retention basin

At the Michelbach and its tributaries there are the following three flood retention basins. All of them are operated by the Sulm water association, are located in the Obersulm municipality and dammed behind earth dams. The respective stream flows through them. In the event of a flood, the backwater is drained in a controlled manner.

Flood retention basin in the Michelbach catchment area
Surname	location			Dammed water and drainage	Storage space in m ³		EZG	Storage space		Dam height	Construction year
			place		Maximum	Duration		Max	Duration
HRB Michelbach I	⊙49.141555555556 9.4125111111111 223.6	in	Eschenau	Michelbach	0.015,000	-	001.5 km ²	?	-	06.46 m	2004
HRB Wilhelmsbach	⊙49.129552777778 9.4020944444444 238	in front	Eschenau	Wilhelmsbach → Michelbach	0.234,000	0.018,000	003.7 km ²	?	01.2 ha	11.9 0 m	1979
HRB Michelbach II	⊙49.140497222222 9.3943222222222 206	in front	Affaltrach	Michelbach	0.256,000	-	008.0 km ²	?	-	11 , 00 m	2004
Information on storage space, dam height and year of construction and the usual area of the permanently dammed basins according to the official waterway map. Retention basins with the entry "-" in the column for the permanent storage space are usually waterless. The catchment areas were measured on it, taking as far as possible the area values for the sub-catchment areas that were not to be cut up for this purpose.

geology

Geologically speaking, the catchment area of the Michelbach is entirely in the Mittelkeuper . Its highest layer is the Stubensandstein ( Löwenstein Formation ), which occurs only in the southeast corner of the catchment area in the forest area southeast of Friedrichshof and Eichelberg. The main line upper course Wilhelmsbach, the Heiligenbrunnen and its slightly smaller left upper course Hundsbergbach arise just in there . On the initial westward course, Keup-typical blades dig themselves into the successively underlying Upper Bunten Marl ( Mainhardt Formation ), the Kieselsandstein ( Hassberge Formation ) and the Lower Bunten Mergel ( Steigerwald Formation ). From Eichelberg, where the Hundsbergbach flows into the Wilhelmsbach, you reach the reed sandstone ( Stuttgart formation ). After the village, the Wilhelmsbach changes approximately northwards into the Gipskeuper ( Grabfeld formation ), at the altitude of which Wilhelmsbach and then the Michelbach run to its mouth; however, the Mesozoic strata in the following valley range are long covered on the left by loess-bearing floating earth from Quaternary deposits, opposite to which on the right slope slopes disturbed by vineyard adjustment .

The flat pebble-sandstone plateau stretches far north over these slopes on the eastern edge of the catchment area. At the edge of this leveling, the lower colored marls set in, in which the Michelbach itself rises, significantly deeper than Hundsbergbach or even Wilhelmsbach. This soon changes over the northern course over the reed sandstone to the Gipskeuper. From its bend to the west on the northeastern edge of Eschenau, it runs in a sharply widening floodplain loam, over which there are long wash-offs from the Holocene on the flat slope on the left . The lower Wilhelmsbach is also accompanied by an alluvial clay band.

The mountain heights at and near the northern watershed (such as the Salzberg cantilever ) protrude at most up into the reed sandstone, which is partially covered by loess.

In the catchment area there are some outcrops of the Mesozoic strata officially designated as geotopes in the catchment area from Gipskeuper up to Stubensandstein, all located on or on the slope of the eastern forest plateau.

Nature and protected areas

At its upper course, still in the forest, the Michelbach is about 1 m wide and flows in an initially deeply indented Keuperklinge that becomes flatter downstream. The sediment is sandy to stony, the banks are without vegetation. In some places seepage springs arise on the lower slopes and on the valley floor. At the corners of the mouth of small tributaries there are sometimes small rocks.

From the crossing into the corridor, the stream, which is no longer very close to nature, is accompanied by a strip of alluvial forest 4-6 m wide, which exposes in the area of the property on the right before Eschenau and then continues following the eastern outskirts of Eschenau.

From where it initially leaves the edge of the village to the next individual settlement on the right of the course, it has a varying width of up to 2 m. Above the intermittent strip of alluvial forest directly on the bank in the creek basin, which is now a few meters deep, there is almost always a field on the higher left bank.

After the west turn of the brook in the area of the first retention basin passed through, further thinner wood follows the course along an industrial area of Eschenau on the left bank. It flows partly through Eschenau, but at the end it is open again with a few trees along the course. From the sewage treatment plant to Eschenau and then the tributary of the Wilhelmsbach, the accompanying tree gallery becomes denser again and up to 10 m wide, it extends into the village of Affaltrach, where the two-sided buildings initially keep a distance from the run, up to about Poststrasse . In Affaltrach, too, the Michelbach is thickened for a long time and only flows open again for about the last 200 m to its mouth and in a strip of wood.

Past the Ammertsberg, the Michelbach runs briefly through a north-eastern corner of the Upper Sulmtal nature reserve with heights at the edge , which for the most part also encompasses the open fields in the Wilhelmsbach catchment area, with the exception of almost only the settlements with their soft patches. The greater part of the catchment area in the south lies in the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park

Individual evidence

LUBW

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of the Michelbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )

↑ ^a ^b Height according to the contour line image on the topographic map background layer .

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Height after black lettering on the background layer topographic map .

↑ ^a ^b ^c Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Catchment area totaled from the sub-catchment areas according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .

↑ ^a ^b Lake area according to the layer standing waters .

↑ ^a ^{b Catchment} area after the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .

↑ The area of the lake measured on the background layer topographic map .

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Catchment area measured on the background layer topographic map .

↑ ^a ^b Length measured on the background layer topographic map .

↑ Retention basin after the dam layer .

↑ Geotopes are localized by the Geotope layer , at least rudimentary descriptions can be queried there.

↑ Protected areas according to the relevant layers, nature partly according to the biotope layer .

Other evidence

↑ Wolf-Dieter Sick : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. → Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)

↑ Geology according to the layers for Geological Map 1: 50,000 on: Map server of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes ). The geological map listed under → Literature shows roughly the same picture .

literature

Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 6822 Obersulm
Geological map of the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park 1: 50,000, published by the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining Baden-Württemberg, Freiburg i. Br. 2001.

Web links

Map of the course and catchment area of the Michelbach on: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )
Measuring table sheet 6822 Willsbach from 1932 in the Deutsche Fotothek

[TK-HLB-Höhe-1] Height according to the contour line image on the topographic map background layer .

[TK-Schwarz-Höhe-2] Height after black lettering on the background layer topographic map .

[GeNe-Länge-3] Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .

[BEZG-Summe-EZG-4] Catchment area totaled from the sub-catchment areas according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .

[SG-Seefläche-6] Lake area according to the layer standing waters .

[BEZG-EZG-7] {b Catchment} area after the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .

[TK-abgemessen-Seefläche-8] The area of the lake measured on the background layer topographic map .

[TK-abgemessen-EZG-9] Catchment area measured on the background layer topographic map .

[TK-abgemessen-Länge-10] Length measured on the background layer topographic map .

[Stauanlage-11] Retention basin after the dam layer .

[Geotop-13] Geotopes are localized by the Geotope layer , at least rudimentary descriptions can be queried there.

[Schutzgebiete-14] Protected areas according to the relevant layers, nature partly according to the biotope layer .

[BfL-162-5] Wolf-Dieter Sick : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. → Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)

Michelbach
Image wanted BW
Data
Water code	DE : 2385824, DE : 238582
location	Swabian-Franconian forest mountains Front Mainhardt Forest Weinsberger valley Baden-Württemberg Heilbronn district Gde. Obersulm
River system	Rhine
Drain over	Sulm → Neckar → Rhine → North Sea
source	approx. 1.3 km southeast of Eschenau Castle in the forest between Köberle in the west and Heidenrain in the east 49 ° 7 ′ 41 ″ N , 9 ° 24 ′ 52 ″ E49.127916666667 9.4144527777778 320
Source height	approx. 320 m above sea level NHN
muzzle	in Obersulm- Affaltrach shortly before the river bridge of the Staffelweg from the right and altogether east-southeast into the middle Sulm coordinates: 49 ° 8 '5 " N , 9 ° 22' 45" E 49 ° 8 '5 " N , 9 ° 22' 45" O49.134836111111 9.37915 193.1 49.134836111111 9.37915 193.1
Mouth height	approx. 193.1 m above sea level NHN
Height difference	approx. 126.9 m
Bottom slope	approx. 27 ‰
length	4.7 km with its own upper course
	7.3 km with a left tributary Wilhelmsbach as the upper course
Catchment area	9.309 km²