Nadezhda Alexandrovna Lochvitskaya

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Nadezhda Alexandrovna Lochwizkaja ( Pyotr Schumow , around 1930)

Nadezhda Alexandrovna Lochwizkaja ( Russian Надежда Александровна Лохвицкая * April 26 . Jul / 8. May  1872 greg. In St. Petersburg , † 6. October 1952 in Paris ) was a Russian writer and poet . For her literary work she used the pseudonym Teffi ( Russian Тэффи ).

Life

Lochwitskaja's parents were the noble lawyer Alexander Vladimirovich Lochwizki and his wife Varvara Alexandrovna. Lochwizkaja's older sister was the poet Marija Alexandrovna Lochwizkaja .

Lochwizkaja attended the Liteinaja girls' high school in St. Petersburg, graduating in 1890. From childhood she loved classical Russian literature . She was interested in contemporary literature and art and was friends with Alexander Benois . After school she married the Polish judge Wladislaw Butschinski, and after the birth of her first daughter in 1892, she lived with the family on an estate near Mogiljow . After the birth of her second daughter Jelena and her son Janek, she separated from her husband in 1900 and returned to St. Petersburg, where she began her literary career. She first used her pseudonym Teffi when she published her second publication in Teatr i Isskustwo magazine in December 1901 - presumably in order not to be confused with her older sister. In an interview she agreed with the interviewing journalist, whom the name reminded of Rudyard Kipling , but at the same time made a reference to an English poem.

Lochwizkaja was a regular columnist for the St. Petersburg stock exchange newspaper and the Russkoye Slovo. She accompanied the Russian Revolution in 1905 with satirical poems and commentaries . She was a leading contributor to the weekly Satirikon , founded in 1908 and directed by her friend Arkady Timofejewitsch Awertschenko . In 1910 her first book of poems and an anthology of humorous stories appeared .

Teffi on her return from her service as a Sister of Charity in World War I (1915)

When the Russkoye Slovo was banned after the October Revolution , Lochwitskaya appeared in literature in Kiev and Odessa . She came to Novorossiysk , from where she left for Turkey in the summer of 1919 . In autumn 1919 she was in Paris, where she published two volumes of poetry in February 1920. In April 1920 she organized a literary salon. 1922–1923 she lived in Germany . From the mid-1920s she lived with Pavel Andreevich Tikston, who died in 1935. Lochwizkaya was friends with Amalija Ossipowna Fondaminskaya and her husband Ilya Issidorowitsch Fondaminski , who after the death of his wife in 1935 published a book with memories of their mutual friend. In the 1930s, Lochwitskaya turned to the memoir literature. She wrote autobiographical stories and literary portraits of well-known people she had met, including Rasputin , Lenin , Kerensky , Alexandra Kollontai , Fyodor Sologub , Konstantin Balmont , Ilya Repin , Arkady Avechenko, Sinaida Hippius , Dmitri Merezhkovsky , Leonid Andreyev , Alexei Remisow , Alexander Kuprin , Iwan Bunin , Igor Severyanin , Michail Sespel and Vsevolod Meyerhold .

During the Second World War , Lochwitskaya stayed in Paris due to illness. She did not publish anything in collaborators ' editions , even though she was impoverished and starved. From time to time she read from her works in front of emigrants , the number of whom was decreasing.

After the funeral mass in the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral in Paris, Lochvitskaya was buried in the Russian cemetery of Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois . Her works can be found on the Internet. After her death, some of Lochvizkaya's stories were filmed in the USSR (1967, 1974 and 1980).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Румянцев Андрей: Одна из двух Лохвицких. Установлена ​​точная дата рождения Надежды Тэффи . In: Санкт-Петербургские ведомости . No. 118 , June 30, 2017.
  2. ↑ a b Краткая литературная энциклопедия (КЛЭ): ТЭ́ФФИ (псевд .; урожд. Лохвицкая, по мужу - Бучинская) - Бучинская) (accessed March 26, 2018).
  3. ↑ BnF: Nadežda Aleksandrovna Tèffi (1872–1952): pseudonyms individuel (accessed on March 26, 2018).
  4. ↑ Tomei, Christine: Russian women writers, Volume 2 . Taylor and Francis, 1999, ISBN 0-8153-1797-2 , pp. 812-821 .
  5. ↑ Pachmuss, Tamira: A Russian Cultural Revival . University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville 1981, ISBN 0-87049-296-9 , pp. 106-107 .
  6. ↑ a b c ТЭ́ФФИ (accessed March 26, 2018).
  7. ↑ a b Б. Аверина; Вступ. ст. Э. Нитраур: Тэффи. Ностальгия: Рассказы; Воспоминания . Худож. лит., Leningrad 1989, ISBN 5-280-00930-X , p. 4-5, 267-446 .
  8. ^ Rudyard Kipling: Just So Stories for Little Children . 1902, ISBN 3-938899-37-9 .
  9. ↑ Teffy alias Nadezhda Lochwizkaja: champagne from teacups: My last day in Russia (from the soot of Ganna-Maria Braungardt.) . Aufbau-Verlag , Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-351-03412-2 .
  10. ↑ Don Aminado : Поезд на третьем пути . New York 1954, p. 256-267 .
  11. ↑ Илья Фондаминский: Моя летопись . Вагриус, 2004, p. 320-328 .
  12. ↑ Lib.ru : Тэффи (accessed March 26, 2018).
  13. ↑ Тэффи - стихи (accessed March 26, 2018).
  14. ↑ Сатирический киножурнал Фитиль "Маляр" (accessed March 26, 2018).
personal data
SURNAME Lochvitskaya, Nadezhda Alexandrovna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Teffi, Nadeschda Alexandrovna (pseudonym); Лохвицкая, Надежда Александровна (Russian); Тэффи, Надежда Александровна (pseudonym, Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian poet and writer
DATE OF BIRTH May 8, 1872
PLACE OF BIRTH St. Petersburg
DATE OF DEATH October 6, 1952
Place of death Paris