Nassau (landscape)
The Nassau is a landscape in the district of Meißen , Saxony , northwest of the state capital Dresden . Large parts of Nassau are under landscape protection .
geography
The Nassau area forms the northwestern part of the Elbe valley . It is almost completely flat and lies at about 105 m above sea level. NN . In the west, the Nassau borders directly on the Spaar Mountains . To the northeast is the Friedewald , a little further to the southeast the Lößnitzhöhen join. The Elbe forms the natural border in the southwest.
The cities of Coswig and Meißen and the communities of Weinböhla and Niederau have a share in Nassau . Nassau to include parcels of districts Zaschendorf and Nassau in Meissen, Niederau Weinböhla and parcels in the districts Coswiger Brockwitz , Sörnewitz and Neusörnewitz . Nassau is roughly bounded by the Leipzig – Dresden railway line in the east, Dresdner Strasse near Clieben in the south, the Spaar Mountains in the west and the step on the Roitzschberg near Gröbern in the north.
The Nassau - its self-explanatory name means "wet floodplain " - is an old wetland , which in earlier times was traversed by the Elbe. This flowed between the Radebeul Loessnitz heights and the Meißner highlands in a north-westerly direction, but then turned north in front of the Spaar Mountains and spread out in the Nassau, before its bed immediately below Meißens continues with the current course. Since a left tributary of this primeval Elbe on the west side of the Spaargebirge was digging deeper and deeper through retreating erosion, advancing in this way to the southeast and finally creating a breakthrough west of the Bosel, the Elbe has flowed between the Spaargebirge and the Meißner highlands.
A swampy depression remained in the Nassau . This was drained as part of extensive amelioration measures . Numerous moats were created for this purpose. This trench system includes the Gabenreichbach and the Tunnelgraben in Weinböhla, the Lange Graben in the Coswiger area, the Niederauer Dorfbach , which drains the Oberauer ponds, as well as the Weidiggraben and Pechgraben in Niederau, as well as the Altersgraben and the Harthgraben in Meißen. These trenches unite near the Meissen train station and, under the name of Fürstengraben, head towards the Elbe between Vorbrücke and Zscheila or between Niederfähre and Proschwitz , where their water flows into the Meissen winter harbor.
For the last time a right arm of the Elbe found its way back into the old river bed during the floods in spring 1845 , it flowed through Nassau in the Langer Graben – Fürstengraben area and thus turned the Spaar Mountains, including Cölln, into a large island for a few days.
traffic
The connecting road between Meißen and Niederauer Bahnhof was the first paved traffic route that led through the wet meadows. It runs in a straight line with no curves. Since their construction from 1838 - the inauguration took place on May 15, 1842 - they have been accompanied by two drainage ditches on the right and left.
The ordinance of the district of Meißen for the establishment of the Nassau landscape protection area (d66) of May 18, 1995 defined the dimensions of the area and established a protection goal. Another ordinance dated July 16, 2007 enlarged the landscape protection area to 1407.5 hectares.
Today there is farming in Nassau . Among other things, aronia bushes thrive on the areas .
literature
- Dietrich Zühlke et al .: Lößnitz and Moritzburger pond landscape. Results of the local history inventory in the Radebeul and Dresden-Klotzsche area . In: Institute for Geography and Geoecology (Ed.): Values of our homeland . tape 22 . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975, p. 75 ff .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Strasse klingenberg-meissen.de ( Memento of the original from April 1, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ dresden.de (PDF; 93 kB)
Coordinates: 51 ° 10 ′ 0 ″ N , 13 ° 32 ′ 0 ″ E