Pollino National Park

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Parco Nazionale del Pollino
View of the Pollino and the Valle del Sarmento
View of the Pollino and the Valle del Sarmento
Pollino National Park (Italy)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Coordinates: 39 ° 55 ′ 35.7 "  N , 16 ° 6 ′ 41.2"  E
Location: Italy
Surface: 192,565 hectares
Founding: November 15, 1993
Address: http://www.parcopollino.it
Duck Parco Nazionale del Pollino

Via delle Frecce Tricolori, 6
85048 Rotonda (PZ)
Italia

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The Pollino National Park ( Italian : Parco Nazionale del Pollino ) in southern Italy is the largest Italian national park . It was established by a decree of the President Oscar Luigi Scalfaro on November 15, 1993. In 2015 the region of the national park was awarded the UNESCO Global Geopark label .

Geographical location

The Pollino National Park covers an area of ​​192,565 hectares , making it the largest natural park in Italy. At the same time, it is one of the largest nature reserves in Europe. It extends over two Italian regions:

and three Italian provinces:

The national park comprises the southernmost foothills of the Apennine mountain range, the Pollino and the Orsomarso massifs. It extends roughly from the Tyrrhenian Sea in the east to the Ionian Sea in the west. In the area of ​​the national park there are 56 communities with approx. 172,500 inhabitants.

geography

Monte Pollino and Serra del Prete seen from a ridge west of the Serra delle Ciavole

The highest mountains of the Pollino run in a west-east direction, such as the Monte Cerviero ( 1443  m slm ), the Montagna di Grasta ( 1465  m slm ), the Coppola di Paola ( 1919  m slm ), the Serra del Prete ( 2181  m ) m slm ), the Monte Pollino ( 2248  m slm ), the Serra Dolcedorme ( 2267  m slm ) and the Serra di Crispo ( 2053  m slm ). With their rough peaks, they form the core area of ​​the park. The landscape is also characterized by numerous rivers and streams, for example the Torrente Raganello (32 km), the Torrente Peschiera (17 km) and the Fiume Lao , which flow over cliffs, waterfalls and along an old tree population through the entire national park. By erosion of millennia spectacular emerged over canyons , such as the Grande Gola del Lao , the Gola della Garavina and the Gola del Barile . The walls of the Gola del Raganello rise steeply up to 700 meters. The limestone-rich area has interesting caves such as the Grotta di Piezze , the Grotta di San Paolo and, above all, the Grotta del Romito, rediscovered in 1961 . The 34 m long rock overhang with the adjoining 25 m long cave became famous through the discovery of stone age rock carvings. Excavations in the 1960s uncovered the detailed depiction of two ancient cattle on a boulder. The geological features in the national park were certified as a UNESCO Global Geopark in 2015.

Mountains and rivers

mountains Rivers
Serra Dolcedorme (2267 m)
Monte Pollino (2248 m)
Serra del Prete (2181 m)
Serra delle Ciavole (2127 m)
Serra di Crispo (2053 m)
Cozzo del Pellegrino (1987 m)
La Mula (1935 m)
Monte Alpi (1900 m)
Monte Caramolo (1827 m)
La Montea (1825 m)
Monte La Caccia (1744 m)
Sinni (97 km)
Lao (64 km)
Coscile (49 km)
Esaro (44 km)
Sarmento (36 km)
Raganello (32 km)
Frido (25 km)
Abatemarco (20 km)
pink (19 km)
Argentino (19 km)
Peschiera (17 km)

Flora and fauna

The national park has extensive beech forests , remote high pastures , silver firs and rare armored pines ( Latin : Pinus heldreichii H. Christ, Syn . : Pinus leucodermis Antoine). The silhouette of this striking species of pine forms the emblem of the Pollino National Park. In the protected rock walls of the canyons , golden eagles were able to survive. Vultures and eagle owls are native to the area of ​​the Timpa di San Lorenzo (1652 m) . In the area of ​​the Falconara (1656 m), in addition to the wild boar , the Apennine wolf is widespread throughout Basilicata. Despite being very endangered (today only around 30 specimens), it has never completely disappeared from the Pollino Mountains. Marmots , beech marten and European polecat can be found in the forests. In the extensive beech and silver fir forests, which extend north from the center of the park at an altitude of 1000 to 1900 meters, there are the wallpecker , the black woodpecker , the common raven and the mountain hen . Golden eagles and eagle owls nest in the up to 700 meter high Raganello gorge and in the area of ​​Timpa San Lorenzo . The numerous watercourses of the Pollino offer ideal living conditions for mountain trout , otters and spectacled salamanders .

history

Forest fires 2007

At the end of July 2007, 6,267 hectares of the Pollino National Park fell victim to massive arson . Organized crime was suspected to be behind the arson . The head of the park, Domenico Pappaterra, said spontaneously and in shock: “The national park has been devastated and transformed into a lunar landscape. We are experiencing an environmental disaster here. The flames destroyed the most beautiful part of the park. ”In fact, 3.1% of the entire park area was affected, the“ most valuable areas ”were spared (e.g. the central massif with Monte Pollino, Serra di Crispo and the plateaus in between, where most of the armored pines are standing). As a consequence of the forest fires, a fire prevention plan was developed based on the use of volunteers from civil defense and local associations.

Torrent 2018

On August 21, 2018 killed a surge that occurred after heavy rain, 10 Hiker in the ravine of Torrente Raganello.

literature

  • Giorgio Braschi: Pollino: viaggio interiore in una realta irreale: la wilderness del Pollino / immagini, testi e grafica di Giorgio Braschi; Presentazione di Giorgio Saponaro and Franco Tassi. 2nd edition, 251 pp. Martina Franca : Edizioni pugliesi, 2002, ISBN 88-8348-016-3
  • Liliana Bernardo: Fiori e piante del Parco del Pollino. 3rd ed., 264 pp. Castrovillari  : Prometeo, 2001
  • Tiziana La Gamma: Parco nazionale del Pollino: da vincolo a risorsa. 227 + VIII S. (Diploma thesis at the University of Bologna , Faculty of Political Science, 1996/1997)
  • Carlos Solito: Basilicata. Parco nazionale del Pollino. 87 S. Martina Franca : Edizioni Pugliesi, 2004
  • Dorothee Sänger, Michael Gahr, Benno F. Zimmermann: Calabria: Italy's boot tip from Pollino to Aspromonte. 208 p. Munich : Bergverlag Rother , 2012

swell

  1. ↑ Geopark Pollino , accessed on May 1, 2017.
  2. ↑ Geopark Pollino: UNESCO Global Geopark certification , accessed on May 1, 2017.
  3. ↑ Incendi, l'emergenza restaraunt in Calabria , Corriere della Sera , July 26 of 2007.
  4. ^ A b Un Piano contro la "stagione del fuoco" , press release from the National Park Administration , February 14, 2008.
  5. ↑ Fires: Rome declares a state of disaster for southern Italy , Die Presse , July 27, 2007
  6. ↑ Fires in Italy: Austrians returned , Wiener Zeitung Online, July 26, 2007 (accessed on November 7, 2013).
  7. ↑ Il Piano Antincendio 2009 sintesi " , press release from the National Park Service, June 25, in 2009.
  8. ↑ Flash flood kills ten hikers: 23 people saved orf.at, August 21, 2018, accessed August 22, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Pollino National Park  - Collection of images, videos and audio files