Columbiadamm cemetery

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War memorial 1870/71 created in 1888 by Johannes Boese
Memorial to the fallen soldiers of Queen Augusta Guard Grenadier Regiment No. 4 , by Franz Dorrenbach , 1924/25
Memorial for the fallen soldiers of the Emperor Alexander Guard Grenadier Regiment No. 1 , signed Kluge 1927 , depicted is the ensign von der Recke at the time of his death

The state-owned Columbiadamm cemetery is located in the Berlin district of Neukölln , Columbiadamm 122–140. It already had a few names, beginning with the cemetery behind the Hasenheide , Dennewitz cemetery , from 1861 the new garrison cemetery (to distinguish it from the old one), after 1919 the garrison cemetery , since the 1970s the official cemetery at Columbiadamm , sometimes also at the cemetery at Columbiadamm . It is 104,044 m² in size and currently houses around 7000 graves.

history

After Friedrich Wilhelm IV decided to withdraw his garrison from the narrowness of the city and to accommodate them in new barracks on Tempelhofer Feld , which had always been used as a drill and military training area, the existing small cemetery behind the Hasenheide was opened included and expanded into the new garrison cemetery from 1861 . He donated a cemetery chapel, which he also had a creative influence on. In 1866, his successor, King Wilhelm , left a small strip, the still existing Turkish Cemetery in Berlin , to the Sultan Abdul Aziz for his embassy staff and all Muslims in the growing capital of Prussia.

The fallen soldiers of the wars of 1866 , 1870/71 and especially 1914/18 ensured continuous occupancy, in peacetime officers were happy to have expensive hereditary burials built - in keeping with the style of the time.

The garrison was dissolved, probably as a result of the Treaty of Versailles . From 1922 the barracks were partially demolished and the construction of Tempelhof Airport began. The cemetery remained because there are protected war graves on it (cf. Graves Act ).

Monuments

Members of various regiments have erected a total of ten monuments of different quality on the spacious area to commemorate their fallen comrades. Most of these date from the 1920s and were partially supplemented by memorial plaques for those who died in the Second World War.

The most artistically significant monument is likely to be the monument to those who fell in the wars of 1866 and 1870/71. It comes from Johannes Boese (1888) and is considered his main work. A life-size Prussian soldier lowers his flag as he mourns for his comrades who have been killed. Right next to it is a memorial at the same height and from the same time for around 50 French soldiers who died of their injuries in Berlin hospitals.

Another monumental memorial is dedicated to the fallen of Queen Augusta Guard Grenadier Regiment No. 4 . The work of art made of black syenite dates from 1925 and was created by Franz Dorrenbach . A helmet lies on a flag under which the contours of a man can be seen. The man's clenched fist is visible under the cloth.

The cemetery has the character of a park. After 1945, graves were leveled in large parts of the area and replaced by small memorial stones made of brick, as can be found in most other Berlin cemeteries. However, a number of culturally and art-historically interesting graves have been preserved. Some grave fields have been cleared for the Neukölln population, on some the civilly and militarily deceased lie side by side.

With the first deaths of the first generation of Turkish guest workers, there was a need for a Muslim cemetery in Berlin. For this purpose, part of the former military cemetery for the Muslims who died was designated.

Graves of famous personalities

(* = Honor grave of the state of Berlin)

gallery

See also

literature

  • The inauguration of the cemetery in the Hasenhaide near Berlin . In: Illustrirte Zeitung . No. 15 . J. J. Weber, Leipzig October 7, 1843, p. 225-226 ( books.google.de ).
  • Wilhelm Borchert: Garrison Cemetery Hasenheide in words and pictures . Berlin 1930
  • Karl-Robert Schütze: From the Wars of Liberation to the End of the Wehrmacht - The History of the Garrison Cemetery on the edge of the Hasenheide in Berlin-Neukölln . Berlin 1986
  • Arndt Beck, Markus Euskirchen: The buried nation - “Fallen” commemorations from 1813 until today . Berlin 2009

Web links

Commons : Friedhof Columbiadamm  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Gedenkenafeln-in-berlin.de

Coordinates: 52 ° 28 ′ 53 ″  N , 13 ° 24 ′ 34 ″  E