Oberheroldamt

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The Prussian Oberheroldamt was an authority for the care of aristocratic matters , in particular for the documentation and preservation of the coats of arms of noble families. It existed from 1706 to 1713 and represents a forerunner of the Prussian heraldry .

organization

The Oberheroldamt was founded by the rescript of the Prussian King Frederick I on January 16, 1706. Frederick I valued the pomp and pomp of his models in France, England and at the imperial court in Vienna and sought to gain prestige for his new one by founding the authority Royal dignity.
As early as 1702 he had appointed Johann August Marschall von Bieberstein to Herault des Armes and had him make inquiries about the regulation of the heraldry there in Vienna, London and Paris. After further preparations - u. a. Appointment of a Fiscal d'Armes in 1703 - he finally established the office of chief herald .
At the head stood the chief herald master, under his leadership worked five chief heralds councilors, an archivist , a protonotary , a coat of arms painter and several sub-servants. Its seat was the so-called Old Collegienhaus in the Cöllner Brüderstraße .
In the various provinces of Brandenburg-Prussia, a senior herald's council and a herald's secretary were appointed to facilitate the connection between the knighthood and the senior herald's office and to prepare the latter.

Sense and purpose

The chief herald's office should examine the coats of arms of the domestic noble families, prevent arbitrary changes and for this purpose create a general register of coats of arms, keep precise genealogical registers of the noble families and preserve the royal coat of arms in its purity. In a patent, the noble families were asked to provide precise drawings of their coats of arms and family trees to the chief herald's office or the competent heraldic councils in the provinces and to report the birth or death of each male family member.
The members of the office received no special salary and only the fees were intended to contribute to maintenance. However, the aristocrats made only frugal use of the senior herald's office and so it was half forgotten when King Friedrich Wilhelm I formally repealed it ( as foolishness ) when he took office in 1713 .

Members

Chief Herald Master: 1706 Johann August Marschall von Bieberstein
Noble assessors: 1706 Nathanael von Stapf (f) (Colonel and director of the Knights and Princes Academy in Berlin from 1705–1712 )
ditto: Mr. von Arnheimb
Councilor of court and chief herald: 1706–1708 Dr. Abraham Christian Wese, later an envoy from Prussia in Weimar
Court and Oberheroldrat: 1708–1714 Laurentius von Sandrart
Historicus: Jacob Paul von Gundling
Archivarius: Johann Heinrich Hertenstein
Painter: Michael Andreas Herzog
Oberherolds-Protonotar: Otto Christoph Eltester
Councilor of the Herald : Jan Abraham von Gehema
Oberheroldsrat: Johann Peter von Ludewig
Chief Herald: Georg Dietloff von Arnim from 1709
Chief Herald: Christian Maximilian Spener

Councilors of the Herald for

Kleve-Mark : Johann Conrad von Strünckede and Alexander Bernhard von Spaen
Ravensberg : Jacob Friedrich Besserer
Alt- and Mittelmark : Baron von Putlitz
Uckermark : by Arnim
Magdeburg : Rudolf Anton von Alvensleben and Privy Councilor von Plotho
Herold sectarian for Kleve-Mark: Councilor and archivist Wortmann

  • Joh. Aug. Marshal v. Biberstein

  • Jacob Paul v. Gundling

  • Christian Maximilian Spener

  • Johann Peter v. Ludewig

Results

Large coat of arms from 1709

The coat of arms from 1709 of the "Royal Capital and Residence City of Berlin"

literature

  • Carl Eduard Geppert : Chronicle of Berlin from the creation of the city to today. Vol. 1: From the creation of the city to the conclusion of the government of King Frederick the First. Berlin 1839, p. 390. ( digitized version )
  • Johann Christoph Müller, Georg Gottfried Küster : Old and New Berlin. Third division. Berlin 1756, col. 306-308.
  • Christian Otto Mylius : Corpus Constitutionum Marchicarum. (CCM) Sixth Part, Second Division. Berlin undated, Col. 63ff. ( Digitized version )
  • Johann Karl von Schroeder: Three unknown seals of King Friedrich I. In: Friedrich Benninghoven , Cécile Lowenthal-Hensel (Hrsg.): New research on Brandenburg-Prussian history. Volume 1. ( Publications from the Archives of Prussian Cultural Heritage , Vol. 14). Cologne / Vienna 1979, ISBN 3-412-05179-9 , pp. 71–81, especially pp. 72–77.
  • Gustav Adelbert Seyler : History of heraldry (coat of arms, coat of arms art, coat of arms science) . (Introductory volume to J. Siebmacher's Great Book of Arms ). Nuremberg 1885–1889. (Reprint: Neustadt an der Aisch 1970), pp. 629–634. ( Digitized version )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Establishment of the Ober-Heralds-Amt, and that the knightly persons should send their coats of arms to the same from January 16, 1706. Printed by Mylius: CCM VI, 2, Sp. 63-66 and by Seyler: Geschichte, p. 630f. ( Digitized version ) .
  2. ^ Regulations and statutes, of the Royal. Prussia. Ober-Heralds-Amt , 1706. Printed by Mylius: CCM VI, 2, Sp. 75–80. Commented excerpt from Seyler: Geschichte, p. 632f. ( Digitized version ) .
  3. ^ Müller / Küster: Old and New Berlin III, Sp. 106.
  4. ^ Patent to send the coat of arms to the Ober-Heralds-Amt, together with its estimate of April 21, 1706. Printed by Mylius: CCM VI, 2, Sp. 65-70 and by Seyler: Geschichte, p. 631 ( digitized version ) .
  5. ^ Circular decree of King Friedrich Wilhelm I of March 14, 1713. In: Acta Borussica . The organization of the authorities and the general state administration of Prussia in the 18th century. Vol. 1. Berlin 1894, p. 353 ( digitized version ) .
  6. ^ Müller / Küster: Old and New Berlin III, Sp. 77; Wilhelm Mila: Berlin or the history of the origin, the gradual development and the current state of this capital, with regard to location, constitution, scientific culture, art and trade. Berlin and Stettin 1829, p. 259 ( digitized version )