Goose to Putlitz

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Coat of arms of the goose Noble Lords of Putlitz
Goose in the city arms of Putlitz

The still existing family Goose Noble gentlemen Putlitz belongs to märk pean nobility . Since the late Middle Ages, she was the most influential family in the Prignitz . It is mentioned for the first time in a document from Friedrich Barbarossa , probably from 1178: Johannes Gans , "baro" in the Wische.

history

As a result of the Wendekreuzzug in 1147, the knight Johannes Gans brought the entire Stepenitz (Elbe) river area under his rule. He and his descendants built here - like the nobles von Plotho in the south of the Prignitz  - next to the bishops of Havelberg an extensive independent domain, which in addition to the terra Putlitz , over which the bishop of Havelberg exercised the suzerainty, also the terrae Perleberg , Wittenberge , Lenzen , Pritzwalk and Grabow .

Marienfließ Monastery , founded in 1231

In these areas the "geese" claimed sovereign rights, directed the settlement work of the locators , founded castles and the cities of Perleberg, Wittenberge and Putlitz as well as the end of their colonization work in 1231 the Cistercian nunnery Marienfließ in the far north of the Putlitz rule as a house monastery and burial place .

The goose was the only one of the Prignitz families to belong to the gentry class until the middle of the 13th century and were treated as equals to the princely and counts' classes in contracts and resolutions . Since it was awarded in 1373, the house has had the imperial hereditary marshal dignity of the Elector of Brandenburg. Parts of the family proudly rejected the - often bought and thus disavowed - elevation to the baron and count status up until recently; in the Kingdom of Prussia, however, they were counted as barons until 1918. Even in the German Democratic Republic , descendants kept their old title "zu Putlitz" upright.

Today's family members are successfully trying to restore former family cultural assets, such as the baroque Wolfshagen Castle .

From the Altmark

Wende Crusade

Seal of Albrecht the Bear , inscription:
Adelbertus Di. gra marchio

The rise of the Gans zu Putlitz family is connected with the conquest of the Margraviate of Brandenburg by the Ascanian and first Margrave Albrecht the Bear and the subsequent development of the country .

The East Elbe Prignitz is one of the oldest areas of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, which came under the rule of the Askanian dynasty before Albrecht was founded in 1157 . In 1147 Albrecht and his sons Otto I and Hermann led an army of around 60,000 men from the neighboring Altmark in the west of the Elbe , which was part of the Ascanian homeland, through today's Prignitz in the direction of Stettin against the Lutizen , a Slav tribe based in the southeast . At the same time, Albrecht's later arch enemy Heinrich the Lion moved north with around 40,000 men against the Abodrites .

As a result of this so-called Wendenkreuzzug , according to Albrecht biographer Lutz Partenheimer, “under the sign of the cross, smaller dynasties also established themselves on the East Elbe soil of the North Mark [...]. The realization that, in view of the many other powers that are interested in the Slavic area, he would probably not be able to maintain this in the long run alone, may have been promoted by the Slav campaign against Albrecht the Bear. "

Johannes Goose

One of the knights who used the Wendenkreuzzug to gain territory was Johannes Gans, who also came from the Altmark and founded the aristocratic Gans zu Putlitz dynasty on the Stepenitz river .

In a letter from January 2005, a descendant, Gebhard zu Putlitz, stated that the “historical provenance of the name” was: As a result of the country's expansion, “the Prignitz was taken by the Bishop of Havelberg and smaller territorial lords”. Among them was a knight Johannes, who after his property in the Altmark, the Gänseburg near Pollitz , between Wittenberge and Schnackenburg , was nicknamed "Gans" and passed it on to his descendants. In his coat of arms he led a flying silver goose on a green three-hill on a red shield. The castle of origin, the Gänseburg near Pollitz , was likely to have been a larger fortified courtyard, in which the large-scale family very likely had successful goose breeding, which, according to available evidence, had given them a certain reputation and access to "higher circles". Today there is only one large mound of earth covered with trees from the Gänseburg.

The descendants of Johannes called themselves Gans von Wittenberge , Gans von Perleberg or Gans zu Putlitz , depending on their possessions . All three cities are founded by the family, which temporarily claimed sovereign rights in parts of their areas (in the terra Putlitz under the suzerainty of the bishop of Havelberg ) and led the settlement of the areas. The family branch that still exists today is the "Gans, Noble Lords of Putlitz".

  • "Old Castle" of the geese in Wittenberge , today the city museum

  • Wall building, remnant of the "Gänseburg" in Perleberg

  • Tower of the "Gänseburg" in Putlitz

The geese at Perleberg

In the course of the German colonization after the conquest of the East Elbe territories, which later became the Mark Brandenburg, Perleberg was founded under the care of the Gans family and was granted the town charter on October 29, 1239. The oldest documented mention, however, comes from March 1239, when Johann Gans granted the shoemakers the privilege. After the Battle of Bornhöved (1227) , in which the Gans family supported the Danes against the Counts of Schwerin and the Brandenburg Margraves, terra Perleberg fell to the County of Schwerin. Johann Gans, the city lord of Perleberg, took the area from the counts as a fief . In 1275 the sons of Otto III. of Brandenburg the feudal lordship over Perleberg from the Counts of Schwerin. Towards the end of the 13th century, with the death of Johann Gans, the line of geese, Herren zu Perleberg, expires. Perleberg fell as a settled fiefdom to the margraves and became an immediate city .

The geese at Wittenberge

Wittenberge is mentioned in a document as Wittemberg on July 22nd, 1300, when the city lord Otto I. Gans confirmed the rights of Wittenberg as a city. The geese originally levied the Elbe toll here. The family managed to keep the Wittenberge branch until it was sold in 1781, but it did not gain the importance of the Putlitz branch.

The geese at Putlitz

Most influential was the Putlitz family branch , which is still flourishing today . The main seat of the Putlitz family branch was Putlitz Castle in what is now the city of the same name. The tower of the later medieval castle is still there. The name addition to Putlitz is borrowed from the city and does not go back to the Gänseburg Pollitz in the Altmark. Already in 946 the castle Pochlustim was mentioned in a document of the diocese of Havelberg , the name of which probably comes from Slavonic with an unclear etymology .

chronology

Johann Gans zu Putlitz
Johann Gans zu Putlitz,
bust in Siegesallee , Berlin, monument group 3 . Shown with a model of the Marienfließ monastery church and a deed of foundation.
Marienfließ Monastery Church

The work of colonization of the Putlitz family branch was brought to a conclusion in 1231 by the knight Johann Gans zu Putlitz , who resided at Putlitz Castle, with the foundation of the Cistercian monastery Marienfließ in the far north of Prignitz. The founding of the monastery also had an internal German function to secure the border against the Mecklenburg and Schwerin counts.

At the beginning of the 13th century the noble goose had to give up their original territorial sovereignty over extensive areas of the Prignitz in favor of the margraves of Brandenburg, who strove to expand their sovereign power. As a result of this development and the results of the Brandenburg-Danish battles of 1214 for supremacy in the Baltic Sea area, Johann Gans got between the fronts of the great powers and sought to secure the continued existence of his rule through an alliance with Denmark. As a result of this war he lost the terrae Grabow to the Counts of Schwerin, the terrae Pritzwalk and Lenzen to Margrave Albrecht II of Brandenburg and had to subordinate the terrae Putlitz to the fiefdom of the Havelberg Church. On the other hand, he kept Perleberg and Wittenberge and was initially able to secure the independence of his position and the continued existence of his own rule despite all the losses. After the secularization of the diocese of Havelberg, the feudal lordship of terra Putlitz, which still comprised 35 villages at the end of the 15th century, passed to the elector.

At the end of the 12th century, Johann Gans zu Putlitz had become closely associated with Albrecht the Bear's grandson, Margrave Otto II (1184–1205), at whose side a bust in his honor around 1900 in Berlin's former Siegesallee Side monument was erected. Already at the beginning of the 13th century he had to give up the sovereignty of some areas in favor of the Ascanian rulers and after temporary reference to the Danish side after the battle of Bornhöved on July 27, 1227 he lost the Land Grabow to the Schwerin counts as well as the countries Pritzwalk and Lenzen to Otto's brother and successor Albrecht II. (1205–1220), but he retained the rule in the core area of ​​Putlitz, under the episcopal Havelberg fiefdom, and the Gans family was able to secure this for centuries (see Marienfließ Abbey ). In contrast to the autonomy of the so-called Immediatstädte, which developed in the 14th century, the cities of Putlitz and at that time also Wittenberge remained (directly) as media cities (indirectly) under the control, jurisdiction and external representation of those in Putlitz.

Secularization and Stein-Hardenberg Reforms

With the secularization of the diocese of Havelberg in the course of the Reformation , the suzerainty passed to the Hohenzollern , who had ruled the Mark Brandenburg as elector since 1415 . The gradual conversion to the landlord's own economy in the 16th century led to the concentration of the possessions on smaller units with the three centers Putlitz, Wolfshagen and Nettelbeck (today a district of Putlitz).

The Thirty Years War (1618–1648) raged particularly violently in Mecklenburg, Western Pomerania and in Prignitz. The already sparsely populated area was largely deserted, castles and palaces were destroyed and with them many archives, so that the sources of the goods in the Prignitz before 1600 are relatively sparse. After the turmoil and horror of the war, large parts of the region were practically resettled. By appropriating barren or desolate villages, tracts of land or even landlord's possessions, the peasant laying , many landlords were able to enlarge their areas until a law in 1709 ended this practice in Prussia . At the end of the 17th century, the Gans zu Putlitz family owned 56 settlements or parts of settlements in the Putlitz / Wolfshagen area, including 18 deserted field marks .

From 1771 to 1787 Albrecht Gottlob Gans Edler Herr zu Putlitz had Wolfshagen Castle as a late Baroque two-wing complex (the planned third wing was no longer built) on the vaults of an originally Gans moated castle , which was later expanded into a four-wing Renaissance castle was to build, which fell into disrepair after the Thirty Years War. The reforms of the rural legal relations with the reorganization of the traditional feudal burden systems through the Stein and Hardenberg reforms at the beginning of the 19th century were mastered by the Gans zu Putlitz family with renewed restructuring of the property. In the course of the transformation into estate economies , the aristocratic family was even able to establish new estates or farms (Laaske, Retzin, Hellburg, Rohlsdorf, Klein Langerwisch, Horst, Dannhof) or acquire them (Groß Langerwisch).

During the time of National Socialism and during the Second World War , the family's goods were largely preserved. There was no unified social and political orientation in the family, which had meanwhile grown widely, at that time; An example of the work of the Hamburg architect and NSDAP member Erich Wilhelm Julius Freiherr Gans Edler Herr zu Putlitz (1892–1945) can be found in the appendix under “National Socialist Builder”.

GDR and German reunification
Wolfshagen Castle (Prignitz)

The core areas of the family, comprising seven estates, lasted until 1945. The end of the Second World War brought a turning point for all of the East Elbe property. Manor houses like Lenzen were demolished or destroyed, the goods were expropriated and divided up from autumn 1945 with the land reform, the owners were expelled. Other manor houses such as Krams bei Kyritz fell victim to the so-called Neubauer program of 1947 . Valuable art holdings and archives of the aristocratic houses were lost.

Some manor houses and noble houses survived as schools, children's homes or dormitories, but fell into disrepair due to lack of care or were defaced with unadorned extensions, the parks of the houses were almost completely neglected. The most important building of the Putlitz family, which was used as a school during the GDR era and has remained in place, is the Baroque Wolfshagen Castle , which has now been completely renovated and whose park was laid out by landscape architect Peter Joseph Lenné . In addition to the European Union , the Federal Republic , the State of Brandenburg and municipal, private and private sponsors, members of the Putlitz family also contributed to the costs of the proper restoration between 2000 and 2003 .

The Berliner Zeitung notes on the relationship between the former landowners and the population and their claims after German reunification in 1990 :

One von Ribbek, who entered "his" village with a manorial gesture of ownership, quickly learned that yesterday's patronage had no chance. On the other hand, there are impressive examples of ethos that were actively demonstrated: ... the ophthalmologist Bernhard von Barsewisch from the Gans Edle zu Putlitz family in Groß Pankow and Wolfshagen ... and many others came with respect for the life lived in the East. They didn't want money, but brought some with them from their secure livelihoods that they had given up in the West.

The aforementioned Bernhard von Barsewisch is a son of Elisabeth Gans Edle Herrin zu Putlitz and built an eye clinic in the Groß Pankow manor house, which the GDR had turned into a hospital. Before that he was head of an eye clinic in Munich. Barsewisch is also the initiator of the restoration and museum foundation of Wolfshagen Castle and a member of the support groups for Wolfshagen Castle and Marienfließ Monastery . He is also committed to the restoration of the estate parks in Groß Pankow and Wolfshagen, about the history and condition of which he published a book together with Torsten Foelsch in 2004.

  • Wolfshagen Castle with an intact park and Stepenitz, lithograph from 1857

  • Groß Pankow manor house (today eye clinic)

  • Retzin Castle

Position of the family

Family portrait, Gut Retzin (1873)

Regarding the position of the family, the Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis (middle of the 19th century) says: “What, however, clearly shows the high position of the Putlitz family among the Brandenburg nobility is partly the priority given to it since the earliest times before the ordinary noble families ... who put them on an equal footing with the princely and imperial counts and definitely elevated them to the ordinary nobility. "

The family had to leave it in this prominent position. As early as the 12th century, the attempt to establish a longer imperial direct rule had failed , the family remained dependent on feudal families . Even though the privilege of the Hereditary Marshal of the Kurmark Brandenburg belonged to the aristocratic house without interruption since the award in 1373 and was connected with a hereditary seat in the Prussian manor house from January 28, 1855 until the revolution of 1918, no family member came - apart from two bishops " to the very top “in the highest nobility or in the top positions of state, church, society or culture. Bernhard von Barsewisch refers to the realm of legend that they seriously competed with the Hohenzollerns (preface to Mein Heim) . However, the Hohenzollerns recognized the family's somewhat prominent position compared to the rest of the knightly nobility by recognizing the right to use the title of Goose Noble Lords of Putlitz on August 28, 1719, again on March 4, 1746 and April 1, 1776.

According to Codex diplomaticus ... there was a centuries-long, creeping decline in power of the family, whose financial means would no longer have been sufficient for a brilliant, almost princely court after the Thirty Years' War at the latest . Many of the purely knightly families of the Mark soon became richer in income and possessions than the old noble family. Only the predicate noble was ultimately left to them, also in the style of the sovereign Canzley, in which ordinary nobles were dubbed Veste ( Veste was, for example, in use in titular expressions like veste high-ranking gentlemen) .

The family members worked in a wide variety of offices and professional groups. Bishops (in Schwerin and Havelberg), electoral councilors, court councilors, governors, writers, actresses, directors, doctors and architects were among them. Compared to other aristocratic families, Messrs. Gans zu Putlitz held only a few public offices since the 18th century and they also rarely embarked on a military career; Their orientation was increasingly the artistic-literary and, in some cases, the scientific field. Not only the “noble gentlemen”, but also the “noble women” like Elisabeth zu Putlitz (called Lita , 1862–1935) were literary and artistic.

The appendix to this article explains some of the family members and what they do with details such as street names.

"Robber baron" Kaspar Gans zu Putlitz

The following part deals with Kaspar Gans zu Putlitz , who lived in the 14./15. Century lived and can be attributed to the importance with regard to the historical-scientific discussion about the term robber baron . The Prussian Chronicle lists Kaspar Gans and members of other famous and notorious aristocratic families from Brandenburg for the year 1397:

"Robber barons under the leadership of Messrs. Putlitz, Bredow, Quitzow and Rochow attack cities and villages, rob cattle from the pastures, murder, desecrate and pillage and let the feuds spread unchecked."

The term robber baron , which was first coined in the 18th century, is controversial and cannot be clearly distinguished from the rest of the knighthood. The discharge of feuds had always been part of the chivalrous way of life and the weapons eligible population was even assured long time legally in large parts of medieval Europe. The ransacking of the opposing lands also occurred in early medieval feuds. The situation is similar with the attacks by so-called robber barons of the late Middle Ages on traveling merchants.

Not only more recent works, such as that of the historian Klaus Graf , point to this fact. Even the writer Theodor Fontane questioned the rating of "robber barons" in the hikes through the Mark Brandenburg with the depiction of Kaspar Gans zu Putlitz and, contrary to the modern Prussian Chronicle, came to a differentiated assessment as early as 1889.

Conceptual differentiation at Fontane

Quitzow Castle in Rühstädt

Kaspar Gans was close friends with Johann von Quitzow from the other important Prignitz noble family von Quitzow (castle in Rühstädt restored in 2004 ), with whose name the alleged robber baronage is particularly connected.

The acts of violence and robbery are clearly documented historically. However, in relation to the Brandenburg robber barons, they took place in the unstable transition period between the end of the 170-year Ascanian rule in the Mark Brandenburg in 1320 and the Hohenzollern takeover in 1415. Even the convent in the Lehnin Cistercian monastery was temporarily considered a “depraved band of robbers” (see there). The conceptual labeling of various aristocratic families as "robber barons" or sometimes also as "rebels" falls short and ultimately obscures the historical context.

Fontane, based on Georg Wilhelm von Raumer, comes to the conclusion that the stigmatization can ultimately be traced back to a cloudy and partisan source , namely the contemporary portrayals of Engelbert Wusterwitz . The Brandenburg clergyman ruled at a time when “the feud between the Elector and the two Quitzows was still in full swing. His story would probably have been different if he had written the same after the reconciliation of the elector in 1421 “ with the so-called robber knights.

As far as they made statements about Brandenburg, all proponents of the robber baron thesis subsequently referred directly or indirectly to this one source. Fontane accuses the historian and editor of the monumental collection of sources Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel : “He also overlooks the fact that the warfare of the Mecklenburg and Pomeranian dukes, especially that of the Archbishop of Magdeburg, was by no means different from them of the Quitzows and their followers ... and ... directly used the Quitzow warfare norms, that is, the robber style, if you will. "

After the stabilization of the social and political conditions by the Hohenzollerns, a reconciliation between the renegade Prignitz nobility and the sovereign rulers took place very quickly. As early as 1416, one year after Friedrich I came to power , Hans von Quitzow made his peace with the elector and got back the scattered family estates. This type of reconciliation due to changed political conditions should hardly be possible between ordinary crime , which the term robber baron suggests, and sovereignty.

Conquest of Heretic-Angermünde

Prignitz and Uckermark

As Fontane writes, Kaspar Gans had "got a few months ahead of Hans Quitzow's reconciliation and enjoyed the privilege of being able to brilliantly confirm this change of his mind in an action against the Pomeranians on March 25, 1420 ," in which he trapped Electors freed from a threatening situation. As often before, Kaspar Gans zu Putlitz and Hans von Quitzow fought together in this battle and during the conquest of the then so-called city of Ketzer-Angermünde ( Angermünde ) in the Uckermark . According to Fontane, the struggle for Ketzer-Angermünde "can be seen as the rehabilitation and first act of loyalty of the Brandenburg nobility, who had been fronding up until then ..."

The hero of this battle was Kaspar Gans, whose act recorded a contemporary Pomeranian ballad that Fontane equates with the literary folk epics of the Anglo-Scottish Percy and Douglas ballads.

Ballad of the hissing goose

In this song about the conquest of Ketzer-Angermünde from an unknown source it says about Kaspar Gans, among other things (reproduced from Fontane, excerpt):

Market square in Angermünde

But outside behind wall and ditch,
the Märkische have already gathered,
four hundred horsemen and servants;
The goose of Putlitz leads them,
hissing, so that they can fight.

The goose would not like it,
she angrily stretched her collar,
All over the Pomeranians;
Then the Brandenburg eagle soared up
and the griffins fell.

But the goose was still growing in anger,
it struck a hole with its wings.
And there it stood between the stones,
and when it got to the market,
they were ten against one.

Then the swords went the clinker there sounded,
Herr Detleff Schwerin wrestled with Putlitz
and wanted to acquire the price;
Herr Detleff von Schwerin had to
die for his heir.

It is noteworthy that the women's and house monastery of the noble gentlemen released Kaspar Gans, captured in 1404, and advanced 65 marks of Lübeck pfennigs to the Mecklenburg Duke. Kaspar Gans, who died in 1430, found his final resting place in Havelberg Cathedral. In Fontane's time, according to the poet, hung on a cathedral pillar a sign with the crowned goose and the simple inscription: "Mr. Jaspar Gans von Potlist".

More people

Coat of arms of the Goose zu Putlitz
Coat of arms of the Goose zu Putlitz on an epitaph in the Cistercian Abbey of Pforta

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows a crowned goose with a gold neck cross in red on a green three-mountain . On the helmet with its red and silver covers , the image of the shield stands between two armored arms that hold up a golden crown of leaves .

Appendix with individual aspects

As far as they could be of more general interest, the appendix goes into more detail on some family members in connection with “Putlitzstrasse” and the Steintor Wittenberge; A section on the National Socialist architect Erich zu Putlitz rounds off the historical presentations.

Stone gate Wittenberge

The stone gate, one of the landmarks of Wittenberge , was first mentioned in 1297 in connection with a report about an attack by knights from Mecklenburg. These allegedly surprised Otto I. Gans zu Putlitz in the bath and kidnapped the city lords. The stone gate burned down in this attack. Around 1450 the gate was rebuilt, which has survived to this day and is the oldest building in the city.

Family under National Socialism, two examples

More details about the political orientation and activities of the family during the National Socialist era are known about the Hamburg architect Erich Wilhelm Julius Freiherr Gans Edler Herr zu Putlitz, or Erich zu Putlitz (1892–1945), who was a member of the Reich Chamber of Culture and the NSDAP . It is not known whether Putlitz, who already had a monumental style with his buildings before 1933, was personally guilty. His buildings fit in with the time, for example the “heroic” Reich Academy for Youth Leadership in Braunschweig from 1937 (today Braunschweig- Kolleg ).

The Internet project Networked Memory of the City of Braunschweig writes: “The architect von Putlitz ... did not formulate a new National Socialist vocabulary for the building of the Academy, but instead used elements of the existing formal language for its construction and presented the idea of ​​a strict order, the past into the modern integrated. ”The Hamburg Architecture Archives came to the conclusion that Putlitz must have used material from concentration camps for the large-scale buildings :“ We do not know whether Putlitz knew the conditions in the concentration camps. He was a member of the NSDAP ... and preferred to take part in competitions for state and party buildings. That suggests an affinity for National Socialism, but says nothing about personal guilt. ”Putlitz died in 1945 before the collapse of the Hitler dictatorship and denazification .

The diplomat and ambassador in The Hague, Wolfgang Gans Edler Herr zu Putlitz, had to flee Holland in 1939 because he was threatened with arrest by the Gestapo . He found asylum in England after high-ranking friends at the British embassy made it possible for him to escape by plane. After an odyssey through Jamaica, he finally found asylum in the USA after several unsuccessful attempts. However, he soon left and became a citizen of the GDR in 1952.

Putlitzstrasse in Karlsruhe and Berlin

Putlitz streets naturally exist in the vicinity of the city of Putlitz, for example in Wittenberge. But streets in Karlsruhe and Berlin also bear the name of the Brandenburg aristocratic family.

Karlsruhe: Gustav zu Putlitz

Gustav zu Putlitz (Theodor Schloepke, 1867)

Karlsruher Putlitzstraße has been commemorating the manor owner and theater director Gustav Heinrich Gans Edler Herr zu Putlitz since 1897 . Gustav Gans also made a name for himself as a theater writer, developing a particular preference for comedies. From 1873 to 1889 he was general manager of the Grand Ducal Badischer Hoftheater in Karlsruhe. In addition to Gustav Gans, his son Joachim Gans Edler Herr zu Putlitz (* 1860 in Retzin; † 1922) was another well-known artistic director at the Stuttgart court theater. As Archivale of the Month June - August 2005, the Baden-Württemberg State Archives presented the title In the new house, live on the old spirit! The Stuttgart Court Theater in the era of Artistic Director Putlitz .

Fairy tale books

Gustav Gans was also president of the German stage association and wrote much-read fairy tale books in the second half of the 19th century as well as his childhood and youth memories in the Prignitz under the title Mein Heim (see literature). His now forgotten, early fairy tale books such as What the forest tells itself or forget-me-not saw their 50th (!) Edition in 1900. The lively correspondence he had with fellow writers like Paul Heyse and Willibald Alexis has largely been destroyed. Gustav Gans was married to Elisabeth zu Putlitz, a born Countess Königsmarck from another great aristocratic family from the Brandenburg region, who published a three-volume portrait of her husband in 1894, which she largely compiled from letters. Their daughter was the above-mentioned Lita, who was also active as a writer ( From the picture room of my life 1862–1931, Leipzig 1931).

Berlin: Putlitz next to Quitzow

According to the 1998 printed edition of the lexicon of all Berlin street names , Putlitzstraße in Berlin's Moabit district could also be traced back to the Karlsruhe theater director, as it was named in 1891, the year he died - but six months before his death, on March 17, 1891. However, there is This reference is no longer found in newer versions of the street name dictionary. Here Putlitzstraße is more generally assigned to the entire noble family and their ancestral seat Putlitz. This version is supported by the fact that the street runs between Birkenstrasse and Quitzowstrasse, which on the same day was named after the other great noble family of Prignitz, the Quitzows, or after the town of the same name. Since the Havelberger , Perleberger and Wilsnacker Straße (as well as Rathenower Straße) are in the immediate vicinity, the intention of naming some streets in this district is likely to have been in the general representation of Prignitz and its cities - which the simultaneous assignment to Gustav Gans does not compulsorily excludes.

Source reference, museums, bike tour

"Goose Tour", crowned goose as a logo

Current and extensive information on literature and sources about the family and works by family members can be found in Bernhard von Barsewisch's foreword and appendix to the new edition of Gustav zu Putlitz ' Mein Heim from 2002. Large parts of it already contain detailed comments in the foreword.

There is also detailed information in the permanent exhibition on family history at Wolfshagen Castle, which also contains an extensive family tree as a mural. The city museum in Wittenberge and the local history museum in Perleberg also have information about the noble gentlemen goose of Putlitz.

The well-signposted “Goose Tour” bike tour brings you closer to the cultural sites of the aristocratic family and the scenic charms of the Prignitz along the Stepenitz river valley , see Stepenitz . Crowned geese serve as the tour logo.

Sources from Fontane / Robber Baron

In his representations of robber baronship, Theodor Fontane partly follows the apparently very neutral descriptions of Georg Wilhelm von Raumer (1800–1886, director of the Prussian State Archives) in an essay in the source collection Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis continuatus (Fontane: Novus Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis), published the Raumer in two volumes between 1831 and 1833. The records of the cited cloudy source Engelbert Wusterwitz have survived and are available in a version from 1973, see literature list. The aforementioned Riedel, Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel published the Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, a collection of documents, chronicles and other sources in 41 volumes , between 1838 and 1869 .

literature

  • Lutz Partenheimer : Albrecht the Bear. 2nd Edition. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2003, ISBN 3-412-16302-3, quote on the Wendenkreuzzug p. 106f
  • Gustav Albrecht: Margrave Otto II. And Margrave Albrecht II. In: Richard George (Hrsg.): Hie good Brandenburg always! Historical and cultural images from the past of the Mark and from old Berlin up to the death of the Great Elector. Verlag von W. Pauli's Nachf., Berlin 1900. On the Johann Gans zu Putlitz monument, pp. 85f
  • Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part 1. Prignitz, arr. by Liselott Anders (publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archives), 2nd, updated and heavily ext. Ed., Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Successor, Weimar 1997, ISBN 3-7400-1016-9
  • Theodor Fontane : Walks through the Mark Brandenburg . Part 5. Five locks . (1st edition 1889.) Quotations from the edition of Nymphenburger Verlagshandlung, Munich 1971, ISBN 3-485-00293-3 Quotation from the ballad about the battle for Ketzer-Angermünde p. 63; the other Fontane quotations between pp. 58–78
  • Wolfgang Ribbe : The notes of Engelbert Wusterwitz. Individual publications of the Historical Commission in Berlin - Volume 12. Colloquium-Verlag, Berlin 1973, ISBN 3-7678-0338-0
  • Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis, collection of documents, chronicles and other sources, Adolph Friedrich Johann Riedel (Ed.), 41 volumes between 1838 and 1869 Quotation on the position of the family on page 272, quoted from Thaetner ( Memento from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  • Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility , Volume 67, 1978
  • Petra Bojahr: Erich zu Putlitz, life and work 1892–1945. Studies on monumental architecture. Series of publications by the Hamburg Architecture Archive. Verlag Dölling & Galitz, Hamburg 1997, ISBN 3-930802-45-7
  • Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Volume 138, 2005, pages 123 ff.
  • Torsten Foelsch: Wolfshagen Castle. In: Palaces and Gardens of the Mark , ed. by Sibylle Badstübner-Gröger, 2nd, modified and expanded edition, Berlin 2007
  • Torsten Foelsch: Laaske - a manor house in Prignitz and the fate of its former residents (part 1). In: Pritzwalker Heimatblätter , Heft 12, Pritzwalk 2008, pp. 21–28
  • Torsten Foelsch: Laaske - a manor house in Prignitz and the fate of its former residents (part 2). In: Pritzwalker Heimatblätter , Heft 13, Pritzwalk 2009, pp. 6-18
  • Torsten Foelsch: The archives of the goose noble gentlemen in Putlitz. A search for clues. In: Reports and research from the Brandenburg Cathedral Foundation , Volume 3, Brandenburg 2010, pp. 125–173
  • Torsten Foelsch: The Goose Noble Lords of Putlitz - a noble family from the Brandenburg region in the Prignitz. 800 years of family history. In: The Mark Brandenburg . Journal for the Mark and Brandenburg, Issue 82, Berlin 2011, pp. 18-25.
  • Torsten Foelsch: Forest and stately hunting in the country using the example of the Wolfshagen and Rühstädt manors. In: Communications from the Association for the History of Prignitz , Volume 12, Perleberg 2012, pp. 61–90.
  • Torsten Foelsch: The new castle chapel in Wolfshagen. In: Messages from the Association for the History of Prignitz. Volume 4, Perleberg 2004, pp. 75-83
  • Torsten Foelsch: The residences of the goose noble lords of Putlitz in the city of Putlitz. In: Pritzwalker Heimatblätter. Issue 8, Pritzwalk 1998
  • Goose to Putlitz . In: Marcelli Janecki , Deutsche Adelsgenossenschaft (Hrsg.): Yearbook of the German nobility . First volume. WT Bruer's Verlag, Berlin 1896, p. 654-670 ( dlib.rsl.ru ).
  • Hermann von Redern: Family Tables of the Gans Noble Herren zu Putlitz family, from their first documented appearance to the present day Sittenfeld, Berlin 1887. Digitized , ( digitized ).
  • Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch : The family connections of the older house of Gans zu Putlitz with the old princely families . Schwerin 1841. urn : nbn: de: gbv: 9-g-4880603 (digitized by the Digital Library of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)
  • Clemens Bergstedt: On the early history of the noble gentlemen goose to Putlitz . In: Yearbook for the History of Central and Eastern Germany , 56/2010, pp. 1–35.

Works by family members

  • Elly zu Putlitz: Working and living conditions of women in agriculture in Brandenburg. On the basis of one of the standing committee z. F. d. A.-I. organized survey. In: Writings of the standing committee to promote the interests of women workers. Jena 1914.
  • Bernhard von Barsewisch, Torsten Foelsch: Seven parks in the Prignitz, history and condition of the manor parks of the noble gentlemen in Putlitz. Hendrik Bäßler, Berlin 2004 (2nd, improved edition 2013), ISBN 3-930388-32-4, quote on new goods / Vorwerk 1811 p. 24; Information on ownership there .
  • Gustav zu Putlitz: Theater memories. Berlin 1874.
  • Gustav zu Putlitz: My home. Memories of childhood and youth. Newly edited and provided with a foreword and appendix by Bernhard von Barsewisch. Hendrik Bäßler, Berlin 2002 (first edition 1885) ISBN 3-930388-28-6 Quote from Barsewisch on competition Hohenzollern page 9 .
  • Elisabeth zu Putlitz, b. Countess Königsmarck: Gustav zu Putlitz. A picture of life. Compiled and supplemented from letters, 3 volumes. Published by Alexander Duncker, Berlin 1894.
  • Wolfgang zu Putlitz: Eduard zu Putlitz (1789–1881). A piece of family history, put together for the family from letters and diary sheets. Labes 1903
  • Konrad zu Putlitz, Lothar Meyer (Ed.): Landlexikon. A reference work of general knowledge with a special focus on agriculture, forestry, horticulture, rural industries and rural judicial and administrative practice. 6 volumes. Stuttgart 1911-1914.
  • Lita zu Putlitz: In memory of Elisabeth zu Putlitz, b. Countess Koenigsmarck . Printed as a manuscript, Perleberg undated (1901).
  • Wolfgang Gans Noble Herr zu Putlitz: On the way to Germany - memories of a former diplomat . 2nd Edition. Verlag der Nation, Berlin 1956.
  • Lita zu Putlitz: From the picture room of my life 1862–1931 Koehler & Amelang, Leipzig 1931.
  • Gisa and Bernhard von Barsewisch: At the 'Noble Geese' at table; About cooking and living in Brandenburg manor houses . 2nd Edition. L&H Verlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-939629-08-5 .

Newspaper articles

Web links

Commons : Gans zu Putlitz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ MGH, D FI, documents Friedrich Barbarossa No. 759.
  2. ↑ Johannes Schultze: The Prignitz. From the story of a Brandenburg landscape. In: Reinhold Olesch, Walter Schlesinger, Ludwig Erich Schmitt (Hrsg.): Mitteldeutsche Forschungen. 1st edition. Volume 8, Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Graz 1956, pp. 60f.
  3. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume IV. CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg 1978, p. 31.
  4. ^ Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility, Volume F AV. CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg 1963, p. 96.
  5. ^ Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility , Volume F AV. CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg 1963, p. 101.
  6. ↑ a b Putlitzstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )
  7. ^ New publication in the Gutenberg project series
  8. ↑ Quitzowstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )