Schnackenburg

This article deals with the community of Schnackenburg. For further meanings see Schnackenburg (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 53 ° 2 ′  N , 11 ° 34 ′  E
Basic data
State :	Lower Saxony
County :	Lüchow-Dannenberg
Joint municipality :	Gartow
Height :	17 m above sea level NHN
Area :	23.7 km 2
Residents:	544 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	23 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	29493
Area code :	05840
License plate :	DAN
Community key :	03 3 54 021
City structure:	4 districts
City administration address :	Elbstrasse 9 29493 Schnackenburg
Website :	www.gartow.de
Mayoress :	Irene Brade ( WG Schnackenburg )
Location of the town of Schnackenburg in the Lüchow-Dannenberg district

Schnackenburg with harbor basin in the mouth of the Aland

Schnackenburg [ ˈʃnaːkən- ] in the joint municipality Gartow in the Lüchow-Dannenberg district is the easternmost municipality in Lower Saxony . It has around 600 inhabitants and covers an area of ​​23.67 km² (as of December 31, 2013). Schnackenburg is the smallest municipality with town charter in Lower Saxony and one of the smallest towns in Germany . Relative awareness arose during the division of Germany : Here was a measuring point for the diving depth of the Elbe , which at that time formed the border .

geography

Geographical location

Schnackenburg is located in the glacial valley of the Elbe. The Aland tributary flows into this in the urban area . Until German reunification, Schnackenburg was a border town and customs station with a protective port for inland navigation . The ferry connection to Lütkenwisch in Brandenburg was resumed in 1990. It connects the two permanent Elbe crossings by bridges at Wittenberge and from Dömitz to Dannenberg together with the ferry connection Pevestorf - Lenzen (Elbe) a little further downstream, the federal states of Lower Saxony and Brandenburg.

Ecologically, the region still has a green belt due to the earlier border . The Elbe valley around Schnackenburg is a nature reserve and recreation area with rare plants and birds, such as sea ​​eagles and black storks .

City structure

Herman-Ahrensbrücke over the Aland at Schnackenburger Hafen

The city of Schnackenburg has consisted of four districts since the municipal reform of 1972.

• Gummern
• Holtorf
• Capers
• Schnackenburg

Neighboring places

The neighboring towns are Lanz , Babekuhl , Bernheide , Mittelhorst and Jagel in the northeast, Lütkenwisch and Cumlosen in the east, Müggendorf , Klein Wanzer , Wanzer , Aulosen and Stresow in the southeast, Gummern in the south, Kapern, Sonnenhof , Buchhorst , Gartow , Quarnstedt and Holtorf in the Southwest, as well as Elbholz , Gandow and Wustrow in the northwest.

history

Schnackenburg was first mentioned in 1218. The place arose near a castle at the confluence of the Aland in the Elbe and received city rights in 1373. The importance of the place lay in the Elbe tariff, which had to be paid here by boatmen. The St. Nicholas patronage of the church indicates that Schiffer were also resident in the village.

The Amtshof (manor house)

Schnackenburg initially belonged to the Mark Brandenburg . In a border war that Margrave Jobst lost to Prince Bernhard von Lüneburg , the city was captured by the Lüneburgers and so came to Braunschweig-Lüneburg. Schnackenburg and the surrounding area formed a separate district in the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and then the Kingdom of Hanover until 1850 . It then came to the Gartow office, with this since 1872 to the Lüchow office and has belonged to the Dannenberg district since 1932 (since 1951 the Lüchow-Dannenberg district ). As a result of the municipal reform in 1972, the city of Schnackenburg is part of the Gartow municipality . Schnackenburg was an important customs office until the Elbe tariffs were lifted in the 19th century.

Border security boat (GDR) in front of the museum

Until the reunification of Germany, Schnackenburg was a "federal caesidum in the GDR area" surrounded on three sides by the wall. Customs was based in the old manor house of the Counts von Bernstorff . It was also the location of the control point for transit and exchange traffic for inland shipping on the Elbe . There is no longer a loading and unloading point for inland navigation. The small shelter is now mainly used by pleasure boats. In the decades of the division of Germany , the name Schnackenburg was familiar to radio listeners from the water level reports on the Elbe, as the first water level there was on the west German side (today Wittenberge and Dömitz are the relevant levels for this section of the river).

Naming

The German name Schnackenburg seems to have been formed from the Low German Snaak or Snack "Schlange" (plural Snaken or Snacken ) and Borg "Burg". A Polish name for Schnackenburg was mentioned around 1700 as Godegord (written as Godegür ), probably as a translation of the German name of god (< Slavic * gadă ) "snake" and gord (<  Slavic * gordă ) "castle".

Incorporations

On July 1, 1972, the communities Gummern, Holtorf and Kapern were incorporated.

politics

The city of Schnackenburg belongs to the state electoral district 48 Elbe and to the federal electoral district 38 Lüchow-Dannenberg-Lüneburg .

Municipal council

The council of the city of Schnackenburg consists of nine councilors and has had the following distribution of seats since the local elections in 2016:

• Schnackenburg voter group (9 seats)

Status: 2016 local elections

mayor

Mayor of the city of Schnackenburg is Irene Brade.

coat of arms

The municipality's coat of arms shows a castle with two towers between which an eagle is emblazoned.

Culture and sights

The list of architectural monuments in Schnackenburg includes all the architectural monuments of the municipality of Schnackenburg.

Schnackenburger Church St. Nicolai with rectory

church

→ Main article : St. Nicolai Church (Schnackenburg)

In Schnackenburg there is an Evangelical Lutheran parish to which the St. Nicolai Church in the city center belongs. Since 2009 there has been no parish of its own, since then the parish has been linked to the parish in Gartow . The church, which is open every day, is dedicated to Saint Nicholas as the patron saint of seafarers and merchants and has been documented since 1284. The furnishings include the pulpit and altar from 1727. The baptismal bowl is located in a floating baptismal angel that can be lowered. The oldest bell in the tower dates from the 14th century.

Museums

The Grenzlandmuseum is located in the old fisherman's house. It shows in a permanent exhibition u. a. Uniforms, equipment, weapons, vehicles and numerous documents from both sides of the former border and reminds us of the 45 years of division of the country . The Stresow memorial and meeting place located three kilometers to the southeast is part of the museum.

Grenzlandmuseum in Schnackenburg

Other plants

A little outside of the small town, adjacent to the Christian cemetery, there is also a small Jewish cemetery with eight graves from the 19th century.

On the east side of the Schnackenburger Schutzhafen there is a 14 m high wooden observation tower , which offers a good view of the Elbe valley and the Aland lowland .

Lookout tower in the east of the protective harbor on Aland

Culture

In addition to the city festival in September and the shooting festival in July, the popular Schubertiaden in August take place in Schnackenburg. Schnackenburg has a lively club life.

Economy and Infrastructure

Companies

The commercial infrastructure no longer corresponds to what the name “city” suggests. There are restaurants and hotels, but no grocery or bakery.

traffic

Schnackenburg is the end point of the federal road 493 Uelzen - Lüchow - Schnackenburg, which previously coming from Gartow crosses the district of Kapern and leads directly past the district of Gummern.

The left Elbe branch of the Elbe Cycle Path and the Iron Curtain Trail long-distance cycle path lead through Schnackenburg.

Ilka on the crossing

Protective haven from the city

Ilka ferry

The predecessor of the Elbe ferry Ilka was sunk in the last days of the war and in the following period until September 7, 1991 there was no ferry connection in Schnackenburg. Only since that day has a ferry with the Ilka commuting between the banks of the Elbe again at this point. When the ferryman retired in March 2017, the ferry service had to be temporarily suspended. As early as August 2017, a new ferryman took on the task of ferrying up to 160 vehicles and 150 to 200 people with and without bicycles per day.

The motorized car ferry provides the connection from the end of the main road to the Brandenburg L 121 from Lütkenwisch to Lanz from May 1st to September 30th of that year .

Protective harbor

The Schnackenburg port became more important in the nineteen sixties as a protective port for Elbe shipping when it had to be stopped due to floods or ice. At that time the Elbe played an important role for transit traffic to West Berlin and for cargo ships to the GDR and Prague. The waterway police and customs were stationed in Schnackenburg and in 1965 the statistics of the West German customs showed 15,000 ships cleared here.

Personalities

• Walther Schultz (1900–1957) Regional Bishop of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Mecklenburg in Schwerin and pastor in Schnackenburg.

literature

• Friedrich Wilhelm Bodemann (Pastor zu Schnackenburg): Memories that happened in the town of Schnackenburg . Peine 1857. Reprint of the first edition from 1857 (... slightly shortened). Ed. Dr. Bernd-Rüdiger Goetze. Schnackenburg 1990. 82 pp.
• Johann Parum Schultze , Reinhold Olesch (eds.): Fontes linguae Dravaenopolabicae minores et Chronica Venedica J. P. Schultzii (= Slavic research, volume 7). Böhlau, Cologne and Graz 1967.
• Christian Hennig von Jessen : Vocabularium Venedicum (or Wendish Word Book) (1705). Reprinted by Reinhold Olesch . Böhlau, Cologne [a. a.] 1959 [Author of the Wustrower pastor Christian Hennig von Jessen (1649–1719) was the Polish- speaking farmer Johann Janieschge from Klennow ]

Web links

Commons : Schnackenburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Schnakenburg in the Topographia Braunschweig Lüneburg (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Wikivoyage: Schnackenburg  - travel guide

• Information about the community Schnackenburg on the website of the integrated community Gartow

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019  ( help ).
2. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 232 .
4. ↑ Landtag constituencies from the 16th electoral term. Constituency division for the election to the Lower Saxony state parliament. Appendix to § 10 para. 1 NLWG, p. 4 ( PDF ( Memento of the original from July 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove it Note .; 87 kB). 
5. ↑ Description of the constituencies. Appendix on Section 2 (2) of the Federal Election Act. In: Eighteenth law amending the federal electoral law. Appendix to Article 1. Bonn March 18, 2008, p. 325 ( PDF ( Memento of the original from July 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and remove then this note .; 200 kB). 
6. ↑ http://www.ejz.de/cgi-bin/pipeline.fcg?userid=&publikation=28&template=arttextlokales&ausgabe=47015&redaktion=28&artikel=108940340
7. ↑ St. Nicolai Schackenburg ( Memento from May 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
8. ↑ http://www.museum-schnackenburg.de/
9. ↑ http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/institute/sonst/aj/FRIEDHOF/NIEDERSA/PROJEKTE/liste-f.htm
10. ↑ Lookout tower near Schnackenburg an der Elbe ( Memento of the original from March 23, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website Experience nature in Lower Saxony 
11. ↑ http://www.schubertiadenschnackenburg.de/
12. ↑ Iron Curtain Cycle Path GPS data and information about the cycle tour in 05/14 - Radtouren Magazin. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on April 10, 2017 ; Retrieved April 9, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
13. ↑ https://www.tagesspiegel.de/gesellschaft/ein-ost-west-trip-faehrmann-hol-ueber/14493182-all.html
14. ↑ https://www.maz-online.de/Lokales/Prignitz/Faehrverkehr-ueber-die-Elbe-eingendet
15. ↑ https://www.az-online.de/altmark/seehausen/faehrmann-ueber-9393140.html
16. ↑ http://www.damals-im-wendland.de/1950-Schnackenburg.htm