Ortlieb from Brandis

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Ortlieb von Brandis Prince-Bishop of Chur 1458–1491
Coat of arms of the Bishop of Chur 1458–1491

Ortlieb von Brandis (* 1430 at Brandis Castle in Maienfeld , Canton of Graubünden ( Switzerland ), † July 25, 1491 in Chur ) was a Roman Catholic bishop of the Diocese of Chur .

Life

The son of Baron Wolfhard V. von Brandis , Lord of the Maienfeld , Counts of Vaduz , Schellenberg and Blumenegg and his wife Verena (Frena), a daughter of Count Albrecht III. von Werdenberg-Heiligenberg-Bludenz , studied theology at the University of Pavia . While the brothers Wolfhard VI., Sigmund and Ulrich took care of the secular concerns of the Brandis family, Rudolf and Ortlieb took up a spiritual career. Ortlieb was in 1453, at the age of 23, the dean of the cathedral chapter elected by Churchill, his brother Rudolf was there 1459-1467 Domdekan . He completed his theology studies with papal dispensation .

On May 30, 1458 he was elected Bishop of Chur; this choice was confirmed by Pope Calixtus III. on July 21, 1458, the imperial approval of Frederick III. he received on September 20, 1459. The episcopal ordination on March 27, 1463 by Lazaro Scarampi , the bishop of Como , was preceded by the ordination of deacons and priests . On the Sunday before the Assumption (August 15) 1458, the city and diocese of Chur paid homage to him.

The city tried for a long time to get more rights and independence from the bishop. After the great city fire of 1464, which destroyed the mostly wooden houses in the city - only the bishop's palace and a few stone houses remained - the city councils turned to the emperor. Under the pretext that all letters of freedom and documents in the city had been destroyed, they not only received the old rights confirmed, but also new privileges that diminished the influence of the bishop. The inhabitants of the Engadine fought for timber rights in several uprisings . The mines and ironworks built by Bishop Leonhard Wismair could continue to operate, they only had to split the wood.

In the exercise of his ecclesiastical office, Bishop Brandis was supported by Auxiliary Bishop Johannes Nell , OFM, and 1471–1473 by Auxiliary Bishop Burchard Tuberflug , OP , who was subsequently Auxiliary Bishop in Constance . For a uniform rite in the diocese, he had the Breviarium Curensis printed and distributed in 1490, and the Directorium Chori for the design of masses (church and saint festivals ) .

Late Gothic winged altar by Jakob Russ (1486–1491)

He had a new high altar built for his episcopal church. In 1486 he commissioned the wood sculptor Jakob Russ , who created a late Gothic winged altar , which he inaugurated in 1491. The eight-meter-high sacraments ( tabernacle ) from 1486, a late Gothic masterpiece, is attributed to the master stonemason Claus von Feldkirch .

Prince-Bishop Ortlieb von Brandis died on July 25, 1491 after more than thirty years in office after a long illness. He was buried in the Assumption Cathedral in Chur in a marble sarcophagus commissioned by him in 1485 .

Episcopal coat of arms

The four-part coat of arms shows in fields 1 and 4 on a white / silver background a black Alpine ibex , placed on the right / left, the coat of arms of the Principality of Chur (Association of Churches ); in fields 2 and 3 a torch placed diagonally to the right / left, the coat of arms of the Swiss noble family von Brandis. Cross, miter, crosier and sword, insignia of spiritual and secular power.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Georg Mayer: Ortlieb von Brandis, Bishop of Chur.
  2. ^ Albert Fischer: Ortlieb von Brandis 1458-1491
  3. ↑ Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi. Volume 2, p. 141
  4. ↑ Le Petit Episcopologist. Edition 206, No. 16, 990
predecessor Office successor
Leonhard Wismair Bishop of Chur
1458–1491 		Heinrich V. von Hewen
personal data
SURNAME Brandis, Ortlieb from
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Chur
DATE OF BIRTH 1430
PLACE OF BIRTH Maienfeld
DATE OF DEATH July 25, 1491
Place of death Chur