Passenger motor boats of the Deutsche Reichsbahn on Lake Constance

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The passenger motor boats of the Deutsche Reichsbahn on Lake Constance were a small fleet of motor boats that were operated by the Reichsbahn for passenger transport from 1920 onwards. From various home ports the boats were used for local routes, special trips and for tourist events.

history

The newly founded Deutsche Reichsbahn took over the state railways of Bavaria , Württemberg and Baden on April 1, 1920 . This brought the passenger ships operated by the Länderbahnen on Lake Constance into the business area of ​​the Reichsbahn.

In addition to the large ships of the line, the Reichsbahn also procured several small motorboats over the years for local traffic and the increasingly onset of tourism and operated them for different periods of time. Only two of these motor boats were newly procured by the Reichsbahn, the other six boats were bought used or taken over when small passenger ship operations were taken over. The experience and success of the passenger motor boats formed the basis for the Deutsche Bundesbahn as the successor to the Reichsbahn, mainly to procure new shipyard buildings and to commission a small series of ships with the bird of prey class , which is supplemented by two so-called omnibus boats . Motorboats are passenger ships that are approved for a maximum of 125 passengers. Larger ones are called motor ships.

Boats

Eagle

The first passenger motorboat with the name Adler belongs to the first group of three boats that were bought second-hand by the Reichsbahn in 1920. The boat was built in 1912 for a private owner. With an engine output of 160 hp, the Adler was the most powerful of the three boats. It was assigned to the port of Constance and used for trips in the Constance funnel . At the end of the Second World War , the boat was confiscated by the French troops as a reparation payment and transported away. The further whereabouts and fate of the eagles are unknown.

Successor ships for the Adler did not come into existence until 1953: As their successor by name, the Adler of the bird of prey class, as the successor with their home port of Constance the motor boats Woge , Falke and Sperber (the last two are also boats of the bird of prey class).

Data:
Year of construction: 1912 Length: 10.40 m Engine power: 160 hp
Shipyard  :? Width: 1.80 m Speed: 21.0 km / h
Commissioning (DR): 1920 Draft  :? Capacity: 25 people
Home port: Constance Tonnage: 3.0 to Whereabouts  :?

Bavaria

The Bayern was built at the Rolandwerft in Bremen . During the First World War , the boat was still used under the first name Gemmingen at the border guard in Lindau , sold to the Lindau harbor master's office in 1919 and taken over by the Reichsbahn in 1920. Here the boat was renamed Bavaria and used from the home port of Lindau for business and company trips. From July 1, 1929, a line was set up between the port of Lindau and the Eichwald bathing beach, about 3 km away, southeast of Reutin , which was served by the Bayern . Because of its shallow draft, the boat was also used for special trips on the Old Rhine . In 1936 the boat was re-motorized with a Maybach engine and the interior was redesigned. Before the end of the war, the Bavaria was confiscated by the French navy and used by the French customs administration under the name Bretonne until 1949 .

In 1949 the motorboat was fundamentally rebuilt at the Bodan shipyard in Kressbronn and relocated to the new home port of Friedrichshafen , where the Bavarians replaced the MB Buchhorn that had been confiscated from the French . There it was operated until September 1, 1956 and then retired. Her successor ship in Friedrichshafen was the Hecht omnibus boat .

Data:
Year of construction: 1908 Length: 14.70 m Engine power: 45 hp
Shipyard: Rolandwerft Bremen Width: 3.00 m Speed: 19.0 km / h
Commissioning (DR): 1920 Draft: 0.90 m Capacity: 32 people
Home port: Lindau Tonnage: 6.0 to Where: 1956 retired

nymph

In 1906, the town of Radolfzell started shipping operations on the Untersee and bought a used motorboat from Greifensee , which was originally planned as a sailor for the Mediterranean. The Radolfzell shipping company was merged with the Reichsbahn in 1920, which initially continued to operate the Nymph , but sold it to the Schweizerische Dampfschiffahrts AG in Schaffhausen in 1921 . The boat continued to be used in passenger traffic around the Höri and was rented by the Reichsbahn from 1923 for the same use. In 1930 the Reichsbahn finally bought the nymph back. Since 1929 and 1930, however, two larger motor ships, the MS Mettnau and the MS Schienerberg , were also used for regular traffic on the Untersee, there was no longer any need for the nymph . Therefore, the boat was scrapped in 1931.

Data:
Year of construction: before 1906 Length: 12.30 m Engine power: 24 hp
Shipyard: Escher Wyss, Zurich Width: 3.75 m Speed: 15.5 km / h
Commissioning (DR): 1920 Draft: 1.05 Capacity: 60 people
Home port: Radolfzell Tonnage  :? Location: Scrapped in 1931

Reichenau

The former Reichenau was built by the Bodan shipyard in Kressbronn and put into service in 1928 by the Reichsbahn for submarine traffic on passenger routes between Radolfzell, Iznang and the island of Reichenau . With war-related restrictions during World War II, the boat was in service year-round until the 1950s. In 1961 it was sold to the Berlin shipping company Haupt, which rebuilt the ship several times and operated it under the new name from 1971 as Tegel . In 1978 another sale and renovation took place at DIW in Spandau and another name change to Seute Deern . Then in 1988 another renovation took place and at Whitsun 1989 it was now 50 m long and named Berlin on the Havel and Spree in the Berlin area.

The Reichenau already had a successor ship on Lake Constance in 1961 with a new ship three times as large, which also took on the name Reichenau .

Data:
Year of construction: 1928 Length: 19.00 m Engine power: 100 hp
Shipyard: Bodan shipyard in Kressbronn Width: 4.00 m Speed: 21.5 km / h
Commissioning (DR): 1928 Draft: 0.98 m Capacity: 90 people
Home port: Constance Tonnage: 23.0 to Remaining: as Berlin active

Reutin

Like the Reichenau built the year before, the Reutin motorboat, built in 1929, was one of the only new passenger boats for the Reichsbahn. The Reutin was assigned to the port of Lindau , like the large new ship this year for the Reichsbahn, the Allgäu . Like the Bayern , the Reutin was used on the line to the Eichwald lido and in 1936 transported 56,473 people together with the Bayern . In 1964 the boat was sold to a private shipping company on the Untersee, where it was used all year round as Santa Maria on the Gaienhofen - Steckborn route until 1980 . The Reutin was probably scrapped in 1983/84 .

Data:
Year of construction: 1929 Length: 16.67 m Engine power: 150 hp
Shipyard: Deggendorfer Werft Width: 3.25 m Speed: 21.0 km / h
Commissioning (DR): 1929 Draft: 1.00 m Capacity: 80 people
Home port: Lindau Tonnage: 17.8 to Location: 1983/84 (?) Scrapped

Silver pike

The motorboat Silberhecht , built in 1910, was the only passenger boat operated by a private shipping company on Lake Constance. In 1937 the boat was badly damaged by fire and repaired by the Michelsen shipyard in Seemoos . In 1938 the Reichsbahn took over the company with the Silberhecht and used the boat on the increasingly busy line (1937: already 73,597 people) to the Eichwald lido.

During the war years, the silver pike was used less and less, and at the end of the war it was confiscated by the French occupying forces as a reparation payment. The whereabouts and further fate of the boat, which was badly damaged during the occupation, is unknown. “However, scarce references from surviving files show that the excursion boat“ Silberhecht ”, built in 1910, was converted into the“ Rheinlust the Second ”in 1950 by the Bodan shipyard in Kressbronn. The "Rheinlust" remained in service on Lake Constance from its new home port of Rorschach until around 1980, most recently as a unit of the Rorschach Municipal Motorboat Company . The boat, believed to be lost, had a second life. "

Data:
Year of construction: 1910 Length: 16.00 m Engine power: 70 hp
Shipyard  :? Width: 3.25 m Speed: 14.0 km / h
Commissioning (DR): 1938 Draft  :? Capacity: 60 people
Home port: Lindau Tonnage: 12.0 to Where it is: Remodeled in 1950

Arthur

The Arthur was built in 1912 by the Lürssen shipyard in Bremen - Vegesack and used in Swinoujscie under the name Rolf . In 1939 it was taken over by the Oldenburg Railway Company , which had owned the boat since 1921. With the Arthur the boats Bayern , Reutin and Silberhecht were supported in local traffic, especially on the line to the lido Eichwald. And like the Bavarians and the silver pike , the Arthur was confiscated after the end of the war and transported away with an unknown destination.

Data:
Year of construction: 1912 Length: 15.50 m Engine power: 100 hp
Shipyard: Lürssen-Werft Vegesack Width: 3.20 m Speed: 19.0 km / h
Commissioning (DR): 1939 Draft  :? Capacity: 60 people
Home port: Lindau Tonnage: 10.0 to Whereabouts  :?

Good luck for

The Glückauf was the smallest passenger motorboat of the Reichsbahn stationed in Lindau Harbor, which, like the Silberhecht, was taken over by a private shipping company. In the service of the previous owner, there was a collision with the MS Thurgau in Lindau harbor on May 9, 1934 , the boat could be repaired and continued to operate.

For the Reichsbahn, the Glückauf was used like the other passenger motorboats in lido traffic, but of all the Reichsbahnboots it had the shortest service time on Lake Constance. Because just three years later the Glückauf was requisitioned for war use and taken by the Wehrmacht to the Dnepr , where it was used as a soldier's ferry and was lost.

Data:
Year of construction: 1912 Length: 10.40 m Engine power: 60 hp
Shipyard: Rummelsburger Werft Berlin Width: 1.80 m Speed: 21.0 km / h
Commissioning (DR): 1939 Draft: 0.65 Capacity: 25 people
Home port: Lindau Tonnage: 5.0 to Where it is: Loss in the war in 1942

See also

literature

  • Michael Berg: Motor shipping on Lake Constance under the Deutsche Reichsbahn and in the post-war period. Planning, construction and use of the White Fleet from 1920 to 1952 . regional culture publisher, Ubstadt-Weiher 2011. ISBN 978-3-89735-614-6

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Klaus v. Rudloff, Claude Jeanmaire: Schiffahrt auf dem Bodensee , Volume 3: Beginning of Motorschiffahrt , Verlag Eisenbahn, Villigen AG 1987, ISBN 3-85649-072-8 , p. 4.
  2. ↑ Dieter and Helga Schubert: Passenger shipping in Berlin . In the series: pictures of shipping . Sutton Verlag , Erfurt 2007, ISBN 978-3-86680-120-2 , p. 97.
  3. ↑ Quotation: St. Galler Tagblatt online from May 10, 2013, see web link