Persea borbonia

Persea borbonia
Persea borbonia
Systematics
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida) Magnoliids Order : Laurels (Laurales) Family : Laurel family (Lauraceae) Genre : Persea Type : Persea borbonia
Scientific name
Persea borbonia
( L. ) Explos.

Persea borbonia is a species of the genus Persea within the laurel family(Lauraceae). It occurs only in the southeastern United States . Common English names are: redbay, tisswood, scrubbay, shorebay, swampbay.

description

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Illustration by Pierre-Joseph Redouté

Branch with alternate, stalked, simple leaves with an upper and an underside

Vegetative characteristics

Persea borbonia grows as an evergreen, small tree or large shrub .

The alternate leaves on the branch are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaves smell aromatic when crushed. The simple leaf blade is lanceolate, measuring 7 to 15 centimeters (3 to 6  in ). The leaf blades vary in color from light to dark green.

Generative characteristics

The relatively small stone fruit is blue or black when ripe.

ecology

Leaf with the feeding marks of the leaf miner Phyllocnistis hyperpersea

Persea borbonia may be slowly becoming extinct due to an invasion of the bark beetle Xyleborus glabratus in the southern United States . This bark beetle was first observed near Savannah, Georgia in 2002 . He transmits a by the fungus Raffaelea lauric cola -induced sickness, the so-called "laurel wilt" ( English laurel wilt ), which is responsible for the death of the trees.

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

these foresters name especially if something else is mentioned above

However, some foresters agree that Persea borbonia will not become extinct because it can rejuvenate itself to a certain extent.

Deer and bears eat the leaves and fruits of Persea borbonia , birds like turkeys only eat the fruits.

Natural range

distribution

Persea borbonia grows along the coasts of the southeastern United States in the lowlands of Texas , Arkansas , Louisiana , Florida , Mississippi , Alabama , Georgia , South Carolina , and eastern North Carolina . Small, isolated populations are found on the coasts of Virginia , near the border of Maryland and Delaware . It also grows in the Bahamas and is cultivated in Hawaii . Usually it grows on the edges of breaks .

Taxonomy

The first publication took place in 1753 under the name ( Basionym ) Laurus borbonia by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , 1, page 370. The new combination to Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. was published in 1825 by Kurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel in Systema Vegetabilium, editio decima sexta , 2, page 268. Other synonyms for Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. are: Persea littoralis Small , Tamala borbonia (L.) Raf. , Tamala littoralis (Small) Small .

use

Persea borbonia is used as an ornamental plant for gardens and parks.

Persea borbonia is no longer used very much as a medicinal plant. The Seminoles used them as emetics in the past . The dried leaves can be used as a condiment .

The wood is hard and durable and can be used for boat building, paneling and flooring. It is not traded on a large scale, so its use is limited to the range of Persea borbonia .

research

Persea borbonia was the subject of research in connection with grafting and hybridization with avocado ( Persea americana ). Potential benefits for disease resistance and tolerance to damp soils and cool temperatures should be identified. Both species rarely form hybrids with one another , if at all . There were two compatible groups of Persea americana and Persea borbonia for grafting, but they did not produce any viable specimens.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Persea borbonia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved July 15, 2019.
2. ↑ Persea borbonia Fact Sheet . Virginia Tech Dendrology. Retrieved July 15, 2019.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Redbay (Persea borbonia): Drifting Toward Oblivion . Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources UGA. May 2012. Retrieved August 19, 2018.
4. ↑ Persea borbonia . Floridata. February 6, 2007. Retrieved June 16, 2012.
5. ↑ An Undefended Buffet: The Unnecessary Extinction of the Redbay, a Defining Southern Tree, by Susan Cerulean: Articles . Terrain.org. Retrieved June 16, 2012.
6. ↑ Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. . US Forest Service , Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry. Retrieved on June 16, 2012  ( page no longer available )
7. ↑ Persea borbonia . Fs.fed.us. Retrieved June 16, 2012.
8. ↑ ^{a b c} Persea borbonia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed July 15, 2019.
9. ↑ ^{a b} Persea borbonia at Plants For A Future . Retrieved July 15, 2019.
10. ^ RS Bringhurst: Interspecific Hybridization in and Chromosome Numbers in Persea . In: Proceedings of the AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE . 63, 1954, pp. 239-242.
11. ↑ EF Frolich, CA Schroeder, GA Zentmyer: California Avocado Society (ed.): Graft compatibility in the genus Persea  (= Yearbook), vol 42 1958, pages 102-105. Full text PDF.

Web links

Commons : Persea borbonia  - Collection of images, videos and audio files