Pehr Kalm
Pehr Kalm (born March 1716 in Ångermanland , † November 16, 1779 in Turku ) was a Swedish naturalist and agricultural economist. He is considered one of the apostles of Linnaeus . Its official botanical author abbreviation is " Kalm ".
Life
Kalm began studying natural sciences at the Turku Academy in 1735 and undertook his first scientific trip in 1740 at the expense of University President Sten Carl Bielke , which took him to different parts of Finland . In the following year Kalm traveled to Uppland and Västmanland . There he met Carl von Linné and then enrolled at Uppsala University .
Linnaeus gave Kalm instructions before his trip through Västergötland and Bohuslän in 1742, which Kalm published in 1746 in his first work on rare plants, the economic benefits of which he assessed. In 1744 he went on a research trip through Russia and the Ukraine with his patron Bielke . Although only a student, Kalm had such research successes that he was accepted into the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1745 .
In 1746 Kalm was proposed as a lecturer in natural history and economics at the Turku Academy and became the first holder of the newly established chair the following year. However, it was another five years before he started work. He was previously chosen by Linnaeus to travel to America. In areas with the same climatic conditions as in Sweden, Kalm should look for plants and evaluate their economic benefits. Kalm started this trip in 1747 and traveled to America via England, where he stayed for another six months. He stayed there from September 1748 to February 1751. He published the first three parts of his reports in his work En resa till Norra Amerika . The manuscript for the four remaining parts was transferred to the University Library in Turku after Kalm's death, where it was destroyed in a fire in 1827.
In November 1752 Kalm began his work as a professor, with 1476 disputations being published under his presidium.
reception
The celestial body discovered by Liisi Oterma in 1940 was named after Kalm " (2332) Kalm ".
Dedication names
The plant genera Kalmia L. , Kalmiella Small and Kalmiopsis Rehder from the heather family (Ericaceae) have been named after him.
Works
- P. Kalms Mag. Doc. Västgötha och Bohusländska resa 1742 ( runeberg.org ).
- En resa till Norra America. Part I – III (1753–1761) Helsingfors (Part 1, 1904, runeberg.org ; Part 2, 1910, runeberg.org ; Part 3, 1915, runeberg.org ).
- Flora fennica. 1765 ( doria.fi )
literature
- Kalm, Per . In: Herman Hofberg, Frithiof Heurlin, Viktor Millqvist, Olof Rubenson (eds.): Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon . 2nd Edition. tape 1 : A-K . Albert Bonniers Verlag, Stockholm 1906, p. 565 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).
- MG Schybergson: Kalm, Per . In: Theodor Westrin (Ed.): Nordisk familjebok konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi . 2nd Edition. tape 13 : Johan – Kikare . Nordisk familjeboks förlag, Stockholm 1910, Sp. 662-663 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).
- Pehr Kalm. In: Svenskt biografiskt lexikon. Volume 20: Ingeborg – Katarina. Bonnier, Stockholm 1975, p. 598 ( sok.riksarkivet.se ).
Web links
- Correspondence between Pehr Kalm and Carl von Linné
- Author entry and list of the described plant names for Pehr Kalm at the IPNI
- Kalm, Pehr (1716-1779). plants.jstor.org
Individual evidence
- ^ Lutz D. Schmadel: Dictionary of Minor Planet Names . 5th edition. Springer Science & Business Media, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-540-00238-3 , pp. 190 ( books.google.de ).
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names. Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018 ( bgbm.org ).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kalm, Pehr |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swedish naturalist and agricultural economist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 1716 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Ångermanland |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 16, 1779 |
| Place of death | Turku |