Peter Tunner

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Peter Tunner, painting by Rudolf Hausleithner (1874)
Peter Tunner Monument in the Peter Tunner Park in Leoben , which is named after him, created in 1904 by Karl Hackstock (1855-1919)
Peter Tunner's grave at the central cemetery in Leoben.

Peter Tunner , from 1864 Peter Ritter von Tunner zu Turrach , (born May 10, 1809 in Deutschfeistritz , † June 8, 1897 in Leoben ) was a Styrian mining pioneer who made a name for himself in the iron and steel industry.

Life

As the son of the same-named mining expert Peter Tunner the Elder , Peter Tunner attended the kk polytechnic institute in Vienna after training as a fresh iron worker . In 1832 he took over the management of the newly built iron hammer in Katsch near Murau in the uppermost Murtal . When in 1835 the establishment of a chair for metallurgy with a special focus on iron , which had been decided for the Technical University at the Joanneum in Graz since 1829, became reality, the choice fell on Peter Tunner at the suggestion of Archduke Johann . The young professor was allowed to study mining and mining in Germany, Sweden, England, Belgium, Switzerland and Italy for several years. During this absence, the decision was made to relocate the technical school to Vordernberg , in the immediate vicinity of the main Styrian ironworks - and Tunner began his lectures at the Steiermärkisch-Ständische Montanlehranstalt, which opened on November 4, 1840, as their (for eight years only) teacher Mining and metallurgy.

As a result of the political turmoil of 1848 , the Vordernberger Lehranstalt went to the state with the consent of Archduke Johann, and from the academic year 1848/49 Peter Tunner became provisional director. In view of the increase in the number of students, the Vordernberg building appeared to be no longer sufficiently spacious, and on November 1, 1849, studies began in Leoben in a correspondingly larger, free of charge building (with Tunner as the permanent director).

On September 21, 1861, the Montan-Lehranstalt was expanded to the extent of a mountain academy , and Tunner was awarded the Order of the Iron Crown, third class, uno actu , which was followed in 1864 by being knighted.

In 1865/66 Peter von Tunner retired from teaching and was only director of the Bergakademie . In addition, he was politically active: from 1867 to 1874 he was a member of the Styrian Landtag and the Reichsrat . On July 1, 1874, Hofrat Tunner retired after a total of 34 years of teaching, but remained director of the landscape mountain and hut school in Leoben until 1880 and chairman of the school's board of trustees until 1893 .

At the end of February 1897, Peter von Tunner (after 1892) suffered his second stroke and died on June 8th of that year gently and without agony . He is laid to rest at the central cemetery in Leoben .

Peter Tunner was married to Maria Zahlbruckner, the daughter of Johann Zahlbruckner . There were seven children from this marriage.

Services

Tunner was the first to introduce the Bessemer process (November 19, 1863 in Turrach in the upper Murtal) and later the Siemens-Martin process for the production of steel in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy . Through his writing and lecture tours in the Urals in 1870 and in the United States in 1876, he was considered a respected Montanist worldwide.

Works (selection)

  • The iron and steel preparation in fresh stoves or the well-trained hammer master. A common description of all excellent European stove fresheners. In two volumes . 2nd improved and increased edition. Engelhardt, Freiberg 1858.
  • Russia's coal and steel industry, especially its iron industry, illuminated after the industrial exhibition in St. Petersburg and a tour of the most excellent iron and steel works in the Urals in 1870 . Arthur Felix, Leipzig 1871.
  • The iron and steel industry of the United States of America. With three lithographic plates and a more detailed explanation of the same . Faesy & Frick, Vienna 1877.
  • - (Ed.): The Steiermärkisch-Ständisch-Montanistische Lehranstalt zu Vordernberg, its inner striving and work and the support from the outside directed towards it. A yearbook for mountain and hut researchers in Austria . Damian and Sorge, Vienna / Graz 1.1841–3 / 6.1843 / 46 (1847) [?], ZDB -ID 512263-6 .
    • - (Red.): The Styrian-class montanist educational institute in Vordernberg, its inner striving and work and the support from outside directed towards it. A yearbook for the inner Austrian miner and hut man . I was born in 1841. Andreas Leykam'sche Erben, Graetz (Graz) 1842, ZDB -ID 512263-6 . - Full text online .
      • Mining and smelting yearbook of the KK Montan-Lehranstalten zu Leoben and Pribram . Tendler, Vienna 1 = 4.1851 (1852) -7 = 10.1857 (1858), ZDB -ID 512294-6 .
      • Mining and metallurgy yearbook of the KK Montan-Lehranstalten zu Leoben and Pribram and KK Schemnitzer Bergakademie . Tendler, Vienna 8 = 10.1858 (1859) -14 = 17.1864 (1865), ZDB -ID 512295-8 .

literature

  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Tunner, Peter Ritter von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 48th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1883, pp. 127–130 ( digitized version ).
  • Josef Gängl von Ehrenwerth: Peter Ritter von Tunner and his school . In: Conrad Matschoss (ed.): Contributions to the history of technology and industry . Volume 6. Springer, Berlin 1915, ZDB -ID 2238668-3 , pp. 95-108. - Full text online .
  • Helmut Lackner: Peter Tunner 1809–1897. A life for the Austrian iron system . In: The Leoben Strauss. Contributions to the history, art history and folklore of the city and its district . Volume 8. Kulturreferat der Stadtgemeinde Leoben, Leoben 1980, ZDB -ID 304799-4 , pp. 245-296.
  • Alfred Weiß (Red.): In memory of Peter Ritter von Tunner. 1809-1897 . Res montanarum, Volume 17, ZDB -ID 1221641-0 . Mining History Association for Austria, Leoben 1998.
  • Helmut Lackner: The travels of the montanist Peter Tunner to Russia (1870) and to the USA (1876) . In: Torsten Meyer (Hrsg.), Günter Bayerl (Hrsg.): Technology, work and the environment in history. Günter Bayerl on his 60th birthday . Waxmann, Münster (inter alia) 2006, ISBN 3-8309-1685-X , pp. 151-168.

Web links

Commons : Peter Tunner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Official part. In:  Wiener Zeitung , No. 129/1864, May 22, 1864, p. 1, top left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / wrz.
  2. ↑ Official part. In:  Wiener Zeitung , No. 242/1861, October 17, 1861, p. 1, top left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / wrz.
  3. ↑ Astrid Höbenreich: Places of silence that tell stories . Kleine Zeitung , October 31, 2011, archived from the original on October 20, 2014 . ;.
  4. ↑ Stadtmagazin Leoben 2/17 (February 2017), p. 37
personal data
SURNAME Tunner, Peter
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tunner, Peter Ritter von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian mining pioneer and politician, member of the state parliament
DATE OF BIRTH May 10, 1809
PLACE OF BIRTH Deutschfeistritz , Styria , Austria
DATE OF DEATH June 8, 1897
Place of death Leoben , Styria , Austria