Parish church Frauendorf an der Schmida
The Frauendorf parish church is an east-facing Roman Catholic parish church in Frauendorf an der Schmida, a cadastral parish of Sitzendorf an der Schmida ( Lower Austria ) in the Hollabrunn district . It is consecrated to St. Stephen .
The Gothic three-aisled church with late Baroque extensions and north tower is elevated in the southeast of the village. It belongs to the dean's office Sitzendorf in the vicariate Unter dem Manhartsberg and is under monument protection according to the ordinance of the Federal Monuments Office ( list entry ).
history
Parish history
The beginnings of the parish cannot be determined, but in 1145 a castle chaplain was mentioned in a document from the Göttweig monastery . In 1251 Frauendorf was mentioned in a document as a branch church of Sitzendorf and from 1665 as a stately patronage parish .
The patronage right over the church originally had the Frauendorfer, in the 15th century the Baumburg monastery . In 1569 the Protestant barons of Roggendorf took over the patronage of the church and occupied the parish with a Protestant preacher without the knowledge of the episcopal Passau official in Vienna . After the end of the Counter Reformation on October 23, 1654, Baumburg Abbey renounced the patronage right in favor of Ludwig, Count von Sitzendorf and Frauendorf again received a Catholic priest after a long process.
In 1759 Kleinstelzendorf , which had belonged to the Frauendorf parish, was re-parish to Groß .
In 1864, Countess Anna von Dietrichstein , who was in power in Sitzendorf at the time , married Count Erwin von Schönborn-Buchheim. The right of patronage fell on December 31, 1864 to the Counts Schönborn-Buchheim.
On November 30, 1969, the last pastor from Frauendorf retired and a pastor from Unterdürnbach took over the Frauendorf parish as a provisional. On July 4th, 1976 the parish got its own priest again.
The Counts of Schönborn-Buchheim resigned their patronage rights in 1978.
The Frauendorf parish has been looked after from Sitzendorf since 1989 .
Building history
The church has a Romanesque core that cannot be precisely dated. Presumably it was a square choir church in the area of today's central nave and the western choir bay, whose masonry made of sandstone blocks up to a height of about 4.90 meters can be proven. The church was rebuilt in the 14th century. The Gothic polygonal choir, which replaced the Romanesque east end, dates from this time. The tower and the main nave, which were partly almost new and rebuilt several times in the following centuries, are no longer preserved in their original form.
Until 1838 the church stood in the middle of the cemetery. In that year the north side of the cemetery was closed, the cemetery was enlarged to the south and the eastern cemetery gate was bricked up. In the middle of the cemetery, the large stone cross, which dates from 1776 and originally stood next to the church wall, was placed.
In 1839 the onion dome received a new roof structure and was re-covered.
The right side altar ("grave altar") was renovated in 1849 and in 1850 the renovation of the left side altar ("cross altar") followed.
In the years 1860-1862, the floor of the presbytery had sunk very much and showed bumps of up to 6 inches . It was therefore decided in 1863 to renew the pavement of the presbytery and began to lift off the paving made of Kelheim slabs that were used to pave the sacristy. When the earth lifted to a solid base, the collapsed vault of a tomb was discovered.
As a result of this work, the walls of the crypt on both sides lost their hold and strong cracks appeared in the vault and masonry. After removing the bones in the crypt, the whole room was filled with earth, pounded and paved with Kelheim slabs. The bones were buried in the cemetery near the main entrance and consecrated on September 13, 1863.
On June 7th and 8th, 1867 storms and heavy hailstorms caused severe damage to the church and tower roof. The roofs were re-covered and the shingles of the tower roof were painted red.
In the years 1870/71 a general renovation of the church building took place, which affected all components except the tower. The eaves height of the choir was raised to that of the nave and new roofs were added. The windows were modernized and today's west facade was built. As a result of this construction work, which gave the church its current appearance, the interior design suffered so badly that in 1873 the altars, the organ, the pulpit, the dining grill and the pews had to be renovated. A new way of the cross was also purchased.
As early as 1888, further subsidence caused the tower to tilt noticeably, and since it was fastened to the church wall by closing it, there were cracks centimeter wide inside the church. The cemetery wall was also in a desolate condition and since there was a lack of money, the cracks were plastered up by the villagers.
In 1899 the tower roof was repaired again and a new tower cross was put on. This time the shingles were soaked in carbolineum .
Another renovation took place in 1908. Master bricklayer Matha from Niederschleinz stabilized the tower and reinforced the foundations. Two 7-meter-deep concrete pillars were placed under the foundation of the tower and four under the main house walls to prevent the 1.8-meter-deep foundations of the church from shifting.
In 1909 August Pahr from Wullersdorf erected the tower clock for 1400 kroner.
Shortly before Christmas 1923, the church received electrical light and in 1925 new lighting fixtures were purchased and the electrical installation expanded.
A memorial plaque for those who fell in World War I was placed on the church wall next to the main entrance in 1924.
The shingle dome on the tower was replaced in 1928 by a sheet metal dome by Spengler Kostelz from Hollabrunn .
In June 1930 the tool shed (" Totenhäusl ") was built by master bricklayer Matha and in 1934 the church was renovated again. New plaster was applied outside and inside, an eaves plaster was concreted and drainage pipes were laid outside the cemetery wall to a depth of 5.6 meters.
The tombstone of the knight Wolf Geysenhausen was moved in 1935 from the wall at the main entrance under the choir to the wall between the confessional and the side altar and a little later it was attached to the outer wall of the choir next to the priestly graves.
In 1958 the interior of the church was renovated. The back wall of the altar and the altarpiece were lifted, the columns and the plinth were freshly marbled and the inside of the church was newly plastered and painted.
From 1970 onwards, extensive reconstruction and restoration work was carried out: the tower was repainted, the altarpiece of St. Stephen was restored, the old sacristy was torn down and a new one was built, the church was plastered inside and out, the benches were upholstered and a loudspeaker system and an electric bell installed. In 1971 the people's altar was erected, and in 1972 the cemetery was enlarged and rebuilt by the community. The last restoration took place in 1986.
Building description
Outside
Low baroque aisles adjoin the medieval nave, the core of which probably dates from the 14th century. The western gable wall from the end of the 18th century has a coupled central window and is provided with simple classical pilasters . A low, flat-roofed gate extension with a rectangular portal connects to them.
The side aisles have segmented arched windows that were probably changed around 1870. The Gothic choir with a five- eighth end has rounded baroque pointed arch windows and stripped buttresses with double water hammer .
The medieval tower with clock gables under the mighty baroque onion helmet rises in the northeast corner of the choir.
The tombstones from the late 18th century on the eastern side of the polygon have cross- pieces and putti heads , another mighty tombstone is marked " 1814 ". On the south side of the polygon there is a grave stone marked “ 1583 ” in relief.
Inside
The three-aisled nave is now flat-roofed. It should originally have been vaulted, as is indicated by a buttress still preserved today on the southeast corner of the nave. The central nave is essentially Gothic, the low baroque aisles open to the central nave in squat, beveled pillar arcades. The western gallery is decorated with classical forms, which are believed to date from the beginning of the 19th century.
The slightly retracted, round-arched triumphal arch dates from the late 18th century and opens up to the single-bay choir, the core of which dates from the 14th century. The choir has a five-eighth end with a late baroque lancet vault . To the north of the choir is a sacristy extension from 1870/71.
Furnishing
The Josephine high altar from 1785 has double columns on the side with pyramid attachments and angel heads . The altar panel probably dates from the late 18th century, depicts the stoning of Saint Stephen and is flanked by figures of Saints Peter and Paul . The side console figures of Saints Leonhard and Wendelin were made around 1800.
In the side aisles there are two similar simple side altars from the late 18th century. The left altar panel from the late 18th / early 19th century depicts the crucifixion, the right Pre-Raphaelite altar panel " Let the little children come to me " was painted around 1900.
The pulpit with Rocailles decor dates from the middle of the 18th century and has a relief of St. John the Baptist on the pulpit . The baptismal font is from the late 18th century.
organ
The organ was made by Franz Capek in Krems an der Donau and inaugurated on March 5, 1905.
Bells
Until 1917, the chiming consisted of five bells from 1753, 1781, 1793 and 1890. Four of them with a diameter of 88 cm , 54.5 cm, 70 cm and 36 cm had to be delivered as bell donations for the 1917 war armor . Only the train bell from 1753 with a weight of 70 kg remained in the church.
In 1921 three new bells were purchased. They came from the Berndorf bell foundry and weighed 390, 290 and 185 kilograms .
During the Second World War , these three bells had to be returned as a metal donation from the German people . The train bell, which is labeled " Josef Pfrenger, 1753 ", remained with the church this time too.
In 1948 the parish bought four new bells, which were inaugurated and wound up that same year.
See also
literature
- Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria. Lower Austria north of the Danube. Edited by Evelyn Benesch, Bernd Euler-Rolle u. a. Verlag Anton Schroll & Co, Vienna 1990, ISBN 3-7031-0652-2 , p. 223
- Peter Aichinger-Rosenberger (Ed.): At home in Sitzendorf - home book of the market town Sitzendorf an der Schmida . Sitzendorf an der Schmida, 2006, ISBN 3-200-00577-7 , p. 274 ff.
Web links
- Frauendorf parish church accessed on the Frauendorf website on April 11, 2013
Individual evidence
- ^ Aichinger-Rosenberger: At home in Sitzendorf , p. 274.
- ↑ a b c d e f Dehio p. 223
- ↑ a b c Aichinger-Rosenberger: At home in Sitzendorf , p. 275.
- ↑ a b c d e f Frauendorf website
- ↑ a b Aichinger-Rosenberger: At home in Sitzendorf , p. 277.
- ^ Aichinger-Rosenberger: At home in Sitzendorf , p. 279.
Remarks
- ↑ To cover the tower roof you needed 14,500 pieces of 14 inch shingles , 29,000 pieces of forged nails, 25 trunks 5 to 6 fathoms long, 60 construction shops of 2 fathoms and 116 small shops. (Source: Frauendorf website)
- ↑ The crypt consisted of two parts, which were separated from each other by dividing walls. The first part, which had already been opened in 1785, extended from the dining grill to the steps of the high altar, the second part from the high altar to the church wall, where there was a staircase. When removing the upper layers of the earth, a large mass of human bones was found that were stored in this underground space. Since the vault of the crypt had already been smashed and it could be seen that the vault had already been tampered with in earlier years, the matter was investigated and discovered a record from 1790 in which the following is reported: “ Anno 1785 had I have had a new high altar made from the sublime inheritance of Pastor Franz Anton Frenzl, which he bequeathed to the church in his will, the church re-paved, the presbytery removed and covered with Kohlheimer slabs, a dining railing, since none was erected before get a new sacristy door. “And it goes on:“ When I had the presbytery excavated, I found a burial tomb, which was full of dead bones. I had at least 12 chests of sand carried full and buried in the cemetery next to the house of the dead; and yet the crypt from the high altar to the end of the church is still full. "(Source: Frauendorf website)
- ↑ The construction costs amounted to 7,971 guilders, which were advanced by the patron saint free of interest and repaid through donations from the population and property sales by the parish. (Source: Frauendorf website)
- ↑ The cost of the interior renovation of 1,500 guilders was raised through donations. (Source: Frauendorf website)
- ↑ This required 116 square meters of sheet metal with a weight of 575 kilograms, which was pickled in a copper solution. The work lasted 44.5 days and cost 1,800 schillings . (Source: Frauendorf website)
- ↑ 65,000 schillings were donated by the local population. (Source: Frauendorf website)
- ↑ If the Dehio as "Late Baroque" refers to
- ↑ The price of 2,650 kroner was paid by the municipality. (Source: Frauendorf website)
Coordinates: 48 ° 34 ′ 19 ″ N , 15 ° 56 ′ 12 ″ E