Baumburg Monastery

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Baumburg Abbey as seen from Altenmarkt

Baumburg Abbey is a former Augustinian canons - pen in the northern district of Traunstein , which in the course of secularization was dissolved in 1,803th Today Baumburg is also a Catholic deanery , which includes the parishes of northern Chiemgau .

history

Count Berengar I von Sulzbach founded the monastery monastery of St. Margareth zu Baumburg around 1107/09 when he took a pledge in 1105 when his wife, Countess Adelheid von Frontenhausen died . Count Berengar I, under pressure from his numerous obligations, appointed Eberwin as provost of the monastery and provided him with those Augustinian canons whom he had previously appointed from the Rottenbuch monastery together with Eberwin to establish the Berchtesgaden monastery . He also transferred Berchtesgaden's goods to the new monastery. But at Berengar's request, Eberwin returned to Berchtesgaden around 1116 (according to Helm, between 1106 and 1112, according to Feulner, probably around 1116, according to Albrecht and Weinfurter between 1116 and mid-1119) to run it again as an independent monastery.

The regained “former freedom” of Berchtesgaden did not please the new and “first” provost of Baumburg Gottschalk (approx. 1120–1163) at all. He regarded Eberwin as a "renegade" and removed him from the provost list. In addition, he was not prepared to accept the loss of Berchtesgaden equipment. After Berengar's death (December 3, 1125), he challenged the legality of the separation of the two pens and turned to the responsible bishop, Archbishop Konrad I of Salzburg (1106–1147), for an order to merge them again. Only after an arbitration by Konrad in 1136 was the coexistence of the two pens in the sense of Berengar confirmed and confirmed again in 1142 by Pope Innocent II . The Baumburger demands, however, were rejected as "the opinion of certain simple-minded brothers".

During Gottschalk's tenure as provost of Baumburg Abbey (until 1163), a Nikolauskirche was consecrated in 1129 and the Romanesque basilica of St. Margareth was built by 1156 and consecrated on July 12, 1156 with the deposit of numerous relics by Archbishop Eberhard I of Salzburg . The founder Adelheid has been buried there ever since. Around this time, the Archbishop of Salzburg transferred an archdeaconate to the Baumburg provost . The provost thus acted as the archbishop's deputy for ecclesiastical jurisdiction, church supervision and asset management. In 1185 this function was confirmed by the Pope .

Engraving of the monastery from the Churbaier Atlas by Anton Wilhelm Ertl 1687
The monastery church of St. Margareta

The Augustinian canons worked primarily as pastors . The parishes in Baumburg-Altenmarkt , St. Georgen , Truchtlaching , Traunwalchen , Neuenchieming , Kienberg , Poing (today Truchtlaching) and Haberskirchen as well as possessions in Lower Austria belonged to the monastery . The monastery school, which was mainly attended by sons of the regional nobility , also gained importance . From 1367 the provosts were also given the right to lead an abbot's staff .

Like other monasteries, Baumburg also experienced religious and economic decline in the 15th century and especially during the Reformation . Baumburg was repeatedly placed under administration, among other things between 1536 and 1538 under that of the Berchtesgadener Stiftspropst and later Prince Provost Wolfgang II. Griesstätter zu Haslach . In addition, three fires devastated the monastery between 1523 and 1539, so that in 1579 only three canons lived in the monastery.

At the end of the 16th century, Baumburg developed new life again. As in the Middle Ages, the collegiate school enjoyed a good reputation among the nobility. The number of canons also increased again.

The baroque redesign of the former Gothic buildings of the monastery began around 1600 with a renovation of the medieval church. The tower ends were given their characteristic onion domes . The provosts Michael Doegger (r. 1688–1706) and Patricius Stöttner (r. 1707–1737) arranged for the monastery buildings to be rebuilt and rebuilt. On the occasion of the 600th anniversary of the consecration, the master builder Franz Alois Mayr from Trostberg built today's church of St. Margareta in the Rococo style with filigree stucco and frescoes .

In 1803 the monastery was abolished by the Bavarian state in the course of secularization . Until 1812 the monastery and farm buildings as well as the monastery-owned land were auctioned. From then on, the collegiate church served as the parish church of Altenmarkt an der Alz . Many of the monastery buildings were demolished. Since 1910, one wing of the complex has served as a vicarage. Another wing served as a rest home for the English ladies for a long time . Today there is a private seminar hotel there, which choirs and orchestras like to use. The Baumburg monastery brewery, founded in 1612, is now also privately owned.

geography

Information poster for the 48th parallel north

The 48th degree of latitude runs through the monastery grounds , which is marked by positioned signs and is marketed accordingly in the wider community area.

Toast

(as far as known)

  • approx. 1107 / 09–1116 / 19 Eberwin
  • approx. 1116 / 19–1120 / 25 Dean Eccolf carried out official duties during the vacancy of the Sedis
  • approx. 1120 / 25–1163 / 70 Gottschalk
  • approx. 1163 / 70–1182 / 87 Meingot
  • 1187-1192 Marsilius
  • approx. 1195–1205 (documented) Otto, probably Marsilius' successor
  • approx. 1217 / 19–1240 (documented) Eberhard
  • 1436–1479 Caspar Ebenhauser
  • 1479–1488 Paulus Pelchinger
  • 1488–1515 Georg I. Dietrichinger
  • 1517–1531 Wolfgang Viergold
  • 1531–1539 Administration by Wolfgang II. Griesstätter zu Haslach , at that time provost of Höglwörth monastery , then provost and prince provost of Berchtesgaden .
  • 1539–1578 Stephan Toblhamer, had a pavilion-like summer palace built in 1564, which from the 17th century served as the seat of the collegiate court
  • 1579–1587 Lorenz Mayr
  • 1587–1622 Urban Stamler
  • 1622–1637 Johann Heinrich Tannel
  • 1637–1648 Johann Zehentner
  • 1648–1658 Bernhard Wider
  • 1658–1688 Patritius I. Mändl
  • 1688–1706 Michael Doegger
  • 1707–1737 Patritius II. Stöttner
  • 1737–1748 Maximilian Zindl
  • 1748–1761 Joachim Vischer, 1754–1757 had the previous Romanesque and Gothic church rebuilt in rococo style for the 600th anniversary
  • 1761–1778 Guarinus Steininger
  • 1778–1789 the monastery was under administration
  • 1786–1789 Albert I. Knoll
  • 1790–1801 Franz I. Krumb
  • 1801 to March 22, 1803 Franz II. Lindemann, † 1822, last provost, abolition of the monastery

literature

  • Alois Fassnauer: Baumburg - former monastery church of the Augustinian canons . Verlag Alois Erdl, Trostberg, undated (1957).
  • Alois J. Weichslgartner / Lisa and Wilfried Bahnmüller: Baumburg . Irene Aksoy Pannonia-Verlag, Raubling, 2nd edition 2001 (Kleine Pannonia series), ISBN 3-7897-0221-8 .
  • Walter Brugger , Anton Landersdorfer and Christian Soika (eds.): Baumburg an der Alz - the former Augustinian canons in history, art, music and business . Schnell & Steiner GmbH Regensburg, 1st edition 2007, ISBN 978-3-7954-1710-9 .
  • Martin Johann Walko: The Traditions of the Augustinian Canons' Monastery Baumburg (Sources and Discussions on Bavarian History NF 44.1), Munich 2004, ISBN 978-3-406-10408-4 .
  • Katharine Schmid: Baumburg Monastery. Origin and development of monastic life and work in Baumburg . Self-published, Altenmarkt 2007.

Web links

Commons : Baumburg Monastery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dieter Albrecht : Die Fürstpropstei Berchtesgaden , in: Max Spindler , Andreas Kraus (Ed.): Handbuch der Bayerischen Geschichte , pp. 286–287 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  2. ↑ A. Helm : Berchtesgaden in the course of time , keyword: history of the country, pp. 108-109.
  3. ↑ Manfred Feulner : Berchtesgaden - history of the country and its inhabitants , p. 11.
  4. ↑ Dieter Albrecht: Die Fürstpropstei Berchtesgaden , p. 288 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  5. ↑ a b Stefan Weinfurter : The foundation of the Augustinian Canons' Monastery - reform idea and beginnings of the regular canons in Berchtesgaden . In: Walter Brugger , Heinz Dopsch , Peter Franz Kramml (eds.): History of Berchtesgaden: Between Salzburg and Bavaria (until 1594). Vol. 1, Berchtesgaden 1991, p. 250.
  6. ^ Stefan Weinfurter: The founding of the Augustinian Canons' Monastery - reform idea and beginnings of the regular canons in Berchtesgaden . P. 251.
  7. ↑ Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Vol. 2: 1140-1200 . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2012, ISBN 978-3-7030-0485-8 , p. 97, no. 499 .
  8. ↑ Baumburg , basic data and history:
    Stephanie Haberer:  Baumburg - From Augustinian monastery to seminar hotel in the database of monasteries in Bavaria in the House of Bavarian History , online at hdbg.eu
  9. ↑ Six hundred years of thanksgiving and jubilation of the Baumburg monastery in 1758 . Burghausen 1759. ( Digitized in the Google book search).

Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ′ 53 ″  N , 12 ° 31 ′ 51 ″  E