St. Margareta (Baumburg)
The Catholic parish church of St. Margareta was originally built in the 12th century as a monastery church of the Augustinian canons in Baumburg , a district of the municipality of Altenmarkt an der Alz in the Upper Bavarian district of Traunstein . The Romanesque basilica was then one of the largest church buildings in the region. Today's baroque wall-pillar church , consecrated to St. Margaret of Antioch , was built on its foundation walls in the middle of the 18th century . The church is one of the protected architectural monuments in Bavaria.
history
Already for the first monastery founded by Count Sighard IV. And his wife Judith in Baumburg, a church is documented, which was consecrated in 1023 by the Salzburg Archbishop Hartwig . In the early 12th century, at the instigation of Countess Adelheid von Sulzbach, an Augustinian canon monastery was set up on the site of this monastery, which only existed for a short time , for which a smaller church, consecrated to St. Nicholas in 1129, was initially built. A few years later the building was made of a new church, a Romanesque basilica with considerable dimensions, in which in 1140 held a consecration altar and in 1156 by the Archbishop of Salzburg Eberhard I was ordained. The church was 45 meters long and 20 meters wide, had three apses in the east and a double tower facade in the west.
On the occasion of the 600th anniversary of the consecration of the church in 1756, Probst Joachim Vischer had the foundations of this church built by the Trostberg master builder Franz Alois Mayr , of which only the towers with their onion domes and the lower parts of the surrounding wall remained. erect a new baroque building. At the same time, the church received its rococo- style furnishings that are still there today . For the stucco of were Wessobrunner Bernhard smoke and after his death Hans Georg Funk, employee Johann Baptist Zimmermann commissioned. The frescoes created Felix Anton Scheffler .
After the canon monastery was abolished in 1803 as a result of secularization , the church was used as a parish church and was thus spared from demolition.
architecture
Exterior construction
The two towers on the unplastered west facade are broken up by coupled sound arcades on the bell floor . A two-story, tempo- like porch with a semicircular floor plan is attached to the facade, with three portals opening on the ground floor. Three figure niches have been cut into the slightly set back upper floor, crowned with a domed roof, and a figure of St. Margaret, the church's patroness , is set in the middle niche . The long sides of the church are divided by flat pilasters painted yellow and high windows with rounded tops. The east facade is divided by red marbled pilasters crowned by two vases, between which rectangular window openings framed in yellow are cut. The facade is completed by a curved volute gable with a large clock and a trinity fresco at the top.
inner space
The nave, which is covered by a needle cap barrel, is divided into four bays . The pilasters are standing on three sides on high pedestals flat, with composite capitals decorated pilasters purposed over which a slightly Cranked beams runs. The chapels between the columns are vaulted with transverse barrels. The two-bay choir, which is only slightly drawn in, has just closed. The choir arch is decorated with a stuccoed curtain. Two oratorios are built into the side walls of the choir. The western end of the nave is formed by a double gallery resting on two columns with curved parapets and the organ front from 1670 .
Ceiling frescoes
The ceiling fresco in the nave was made by Felix Anton Scheffler in 1756/57 . It depicts St. Augustine , one of the four Latin Doctors of the Church , being taken into heaven. On the side, scenes from the life of the saint can be seen.
In the center of the choir fresco, St. Margaret is depicted with her attributes , the cross, the martyr's palm and the dragon at her feet. Below is the monastery founder Adelheid with her three husbands, Markwart von Marquartstein , Ulrich von Passau and Berengar I. von Sulzbach . The representations in the lateral views are reminiscent of Adelheid and Berengar's founding monasteries in Berchtesgaden and Baumburg.
Nave fresco
Choir fresco
Furnishing
- The high altar takes up almost the entire front wall of the choir. It is framed on both sides by two stucco marble columns. At the altar are four larger-than-life figures made of white stucco marble, St. Augustine and St. Catherine on the left, St. Rupert and St. Barbara on the right . The upper part of the altarpiece depicts St. Margaret, who is taken to heaven by Jesus, and her martyrdom in the background. In the lower part you can see the French King Louis XIV and his wife Maria Teresa , who present the longed-for heir to the throne of St. Margaret. The painting was made by the Bavarian Elector Maximilian III. Joseph and his wife Maria Anna of Saxony , who were also hoping for offspring, donated and executed in 1757 by the Augsburg painter Joseph Hartmann . The Assumption of Mary is shown on the extract.
- The carved wood, with inlaid ornate choir stalls in the style of the Renaissance comes from 1602 and was taken over from the previous church. It was supplemented by ornaments in the Rococo style around 1760.
organ
The organ was built in 1997 by Rieger Orgelbau . It has 34 registers on three manuals and a pedal . The disposition is:
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- Coupling : II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Playing aids : 256 combinations (8 general on 32 levels), sequencer forwards / backwards, register down
- Comments: mechanical action mechanism , electric stop action mechanism
Funerary monuments and epitaphs
Over 30 tombs and epitaphs have been preserved in the church .
- The oldest grave slab is a red marble inscription stone. The top five lines contain an inscription in rotunda , which is dedicated to the provost Gottschalk and which dates from the middle of the 12th century. The middle inscription in Gothic fracture was carved in 1444, the lower inscription was added in 1756.
- The high grave for the monastery founder, Adelheid von Sulzbach, was built around 1430/40 . On the grave slab she is shown with a model of a church in her hands.
Inscription stone
Grave slab for Adelheid von Sulzbach
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Bayern IV: Munich and Upper Bavaria. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 2006, ISBN 978-3-422-03115-9 , pp. 100-103.
- Gotthard Kießling, Dorit Reimann: District of Traunstein (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume I.22 ). Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg im Allgäu 2007, ISBN 978-3-89870-364-2 , p. 13-18 .
- Gottfried Weber: The Romanesque in Upper Bavaria . Gondrom Verlag, Bindlach 1990, ISBN 3-8112-0703-2 , p. 50.
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of monuments for Altenmarkt an der Alz (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, monument number D-1-89-111-25
- ↑ Bavarian organ database online
Web links
- Church of St. Margareta Baumburg Archdiocese of Munich and Freising
Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ′ 56.1 ″ N , 12 ° 31 ′ 57.4 ″ E