Parish church of St. Andrä in Lavanttal
The Roman Catholic parish church and former cathedral church of St. Andrä in Lavanttal is at the southern end of the town square of St. Andrä . From 1228 to 1859 it was the cathedral church of the Salzburg suffragan diocese Lavant .
history
The first mention of a parish in Lavanttal from the year 888 refers to either St. Marein or St. Andrä. The first reliable mention of the church comes from the year 1145. Around 1225 an Augustinian monastery was founded in St. Andrä . With the establishment of the Diocese of Lavant in 1228, it was raised to the status of cathedral monastery, which was repealed in 1798. In 1859 the bishopric was transferred to Marburg an der Drau / Lower Styria, today Maribor , and the Carinthian part of the diocese came to the diocese of Gurk .
Building description
The church is a three-aisled, Gothic basilica from the 14th and 15th centuries. Outwardly, the basilica character is no longer apparent due to the baroque additions and changes as well as the side aisle walls that were raised in the 19th century and the common gable roof . There are chapels in the south and north. The end of the choir is supported by three-tiered buttresses . The Romanesque west tower is more massive than the Gothic north tower built on the side aisle at the height of the second nave yoke. In the bell storeys of the two towers there are Gothic tracery windows , some of which have been renewed . Romanesque triple windows have been preserved on the south side of the west tower . Both towers are almost the same height and wear pointed helmets from the 19th century. Two bells were cast by Urban Fiering and are marked 1553 and 1554 respectively. On both sides of the west tower there are chapel rooms, the northern one from the late Gothic, the southern probably from the Baroque period. The vestibule on the west side, consisting of three arcades, was built in 1876 and is vaulted by a transverse barrel with lance caps. On the north side of the choir, a two-story corridor connects the church with the former episcopal residence. South of the church is the former provost's courtyard with an arcade courtyard. Here a Gothic gargoyle can be seen on a buttress .
A Gothic ribbed vault from the beginning of the 15th century rises above the four-bay central nave . The small upper clad windows are blind today. The dividing arches to the side aisles were enlarged after the intermediate supports were removed in the 17th century and now each span two yokes. The side aisles have baroque groin vaults. The chapel on the ground floor of the north tower with groin vaults has a ceiling with stucco from around 1720. The wooden, neo-Gothic west gallery was made in 1902 by Matthias Slama, the organ is a work by Matthäus Mauracher from the same year. A high, Gothic triumphal arch connects the central nave with the main choir. The three-bay choir with a five-eighth end is the width of the central nave. In the choir, a ribbed vault from the second half of the 14th century rests on consoles decorated with crouching males . The tracery windows have been renewed in a neo-Gothic style. The two side choirs are bricked up from the naves. The ribbed vault in a yoke in the northern choir still exists. The remaining ribs were chopped off. The southern choir has a ribbed vault on head consoles from around 1400 and is now used as a sacristy . In the area north of the west tower, frescoes from the 15th and 16th centuries were partially exposed. In the chapel north of the choir, a late Gothic crucifixion and a mount of olives scene from the middle of the 16th century are depicted over partially exposed paintings. Richard Superberg created the neo-Gothic choir windows in 1901/1902.
Furnishing
The neo-Gothic high altar was made in 1902 by Mathias Slama and completed in 1908 by Alois Progar. In the central niche there is a crucifixion group , in the side niches the statues of the princes of the apostles Peter and Paul . The sculptures were created in 1901 by a Munich sculptor. The figure of the Apostle Andrew is in the altarpiece .
An oil painting of St. Augustine, painted in 1730, hangs above the left altar hall in a richly carved frame. Below is a baroque tabernacle from around 1750 . The tabernacle probably comes from the former high altar, other parts of which are in the Diocesan Museum in Klagenfurt . The picture of the right side altar from the middle of the 18th century shows the Annunciation to Mary in a richly carved frame . This masterpiece was created by the great Italian baroque painter Giovanni Battista Tiepolo and came to the episcopal city through the Lavant Prince-Bishop Count Johann von Thurn-Valsassina . Below is a larger than life statue of the Pietà .
In the side chapels there are statues of Saints Andrew and Paul from the 18th century. In the second, the northern chapel a former altarpiece with an oil painting of the Nativity from the middle of the 18th century and a canvas picture that is the Assumption of Mary , the Jacob Zanussi is attributed to see.
The choir stalls are marked 1761, the prayer stalls were made by Johann Rossmann in 1902. The baptismal font is from the end of the 18th century, the holy water font in the tower vestibule is dated 1629.
Funerary monuments
In the vestibule there is a late Gothic tombstone relief from around 1520 depicting the death of Mary . In the room north of the west tower is the tombstone of the knight Leonhard von Kollnitz († 1517). The gravestone of the provost Johann Gambazi and that of Bishop Lorenz von Lichtenberg († 1446) from a Salzburg workshop, made by Philibert Pacobel, are walled into the choir wall . Lorenz von Lichtenberg was briefly the opposing patriarch of Aquileia , so the two-armed patriarchal cross can be seen on the tombstone . The tombstone of Provost Martin Sani († 1689) is in the sacristy. The tomb of Prince-Bishop Landgrave Philipp Karl von Fürstenberg († 1718) is placed in the northern Kreuzkapelle . Opposite is the coat of arms grave plate of Bishop Johann von Thurn-Valsassina († 1762). The portrait gravestones in the chapel north of the choir are reminiscent of Theobald Sweinpek († 1463), Leonhard Pewrl († 1536) and Philipp Renner († 1555). In the crypt there was found a Roman grave title for the sons Vetucius Super and Severus, donated by their father Vetucius Tutor.
literature
- Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria. Carinthia. Revised edition, 3rd, expanded and improved edition, edited by Gabriele Russwurm-Biró. Anton Schroll, Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-7031-0712-X , pp. 712-714.
- Gottfried Biedermann, Karin Leitner: Gothic in Carinthia. With photos by Wim van der Kallen. Carinthia Verlag, Klagenfurt 2001, ISBN 3-85378-521-2 , p. 102.
Web links
Coordinates: 46 ° 45 ′ 54.2 " N , 14 ° 49 ′ 23" E