Piława Dolna
| Piława Dolna | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 Help on coat of arms |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Dzierżoniów | ||
| Gmina : | Dzierżoniów | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 42 ' N , 16 ° 42' E | ||
| Residents : | 1616 () | ||
| Postal code : | 58-241 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 74 | ||
| License plate : | DDZ | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Paczków - Świdnica | ||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
| administration | |||
| Website : | www.pilawadolna.pl | ||
Piława Dolna (German Nieder Peilau ) is a village in the powiat Dzierżoniowski in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland . It is four kilometers southeast of Dzierżoniów ( Reichenbach ), to whose rural community it belongs.
geography
Piława Dolna is located in the eastern foreland of the Owl Mountains , on the right bank of the Piława / Peilau . The voivodship road 382 runs through the place, which leads from Paczków ( Patschkau ) to Świdnica ( Schweidnitz ).
Neighboring towns are Sobieszyn ( Höfendorf ) in the north, Dobrocin ( Güttmannsdorf ) and Roztocznik ( Olbersdorf ) in the northeast, Kosmin ( Schobergrund ) and Piława Górna ( Ober Peilau ) in the southeast, Owiesno ( Habendorf ) in the south, Bielawa ( Langenbielau ) in the southwest and Pieszyce ( Peterswaldau ) in the west.
history
Piława Dolna is the northernmost village of the former Peilaudörfer , which belonged to different landlords and political communities in the course of their history. It was probably founded before 1230 or earlier and was first mentioned in 1335 as "Pilavia inferior" with a church. At that time it belonged to the Duchy of Schweidnitz-Jauer and was owned by Franz von Peterswaldau . After the death of Duke Bolko II in 1368, it fell together with the Duchy of Schweidnitz-Jauer in 1368 to the Bohemian King Wenceslaus , who was a son of Queen Anna of Schweidnitz . However, Bolkos II's widow, the Duchess Agnes von Habsburg , was entitled to a lifelong usufruct . In 1598 Nieder Peilau is said to have been owned by Niclas von Gregersdorf. The brothers Carl Heinrich and Joachim Ernst von Netz are documented for 1686, followed by Wenzel Sigismund von Seidlitz in 1710 , who was married to Anna Barbara von Sandretzky . In 1718 he built a baroque palace on the site of a previous building. In 1725, Nieder Peilau was owned by Julius Sigismund von Seidlitz, who in 1742 founded the Moravian Brethren colony in Ober Peilau .
Also in 1742 the Bohemian hereditary principality Schweidnitz-Jauer fell to Prussia together with almost all of Silesia after the First Silesian War . In 1748/49, the noble pedagogy of the Brethren was temporarily housed in Nieder Peilau Castle. In 1754 Karl Wilhelm von Tschirschky came to rule Nieder Peilau, which was acquired in 1808 by the merchant Riedel, who added a tower to the castle. During the Reichenbach negotiations for an anti-Napoleonic alliance between Prussia and Austria in 1813, the Prussian State Chancellor Karl August von Hardenberg lived in Nieder Peilau Castle .
After the reorganization of Prussia, Nieder Peilau was incorporated into the Reichenbach district in 1816 . In 1840 it came to Riedel's son-in-law Rupprecht, who earned services for better methods in livestock and agriculture. In 1874 the administrative district Nieder Peilau Schlössel (No. 27) was formed, to which the rural communities Nieder Mittel Peilau and Nieder Peilau Schlössel and the manor districts Höfendorf, Nieder Mittel Peilau and Peilau Schlösselhof belonged. In 1938 the rural communities of Mittel Peilau , Nieder Mittel Peilau and Nieder Peilau Schlössel were merged to form the municipality of Peilau .
As a result of the Second World War, Nieder Peilau fell to Poland in 1945 and was renamed Piława Dolna . Unless they had fled before, the German population was expelled in 1946. Some of the newly settled residents were forcibly evacuated from eastern Poland . 1975-1998 Piława Dolna belonged to the Wałbrzych Voivodeship ( Waldenburg ).
traffic
The former station on the Katowice – Legnica railway line has been closed.
Attractions
- Nieder Peilau Castle was built in 1718 by Wenzel Sigismund von Seidlitz and his wife Anna Barbara von Sandretzky and rebuilt and expanded several times. A palace park was laid out in the 19th century. After the transition to Poland in 1945, it was initially used for residential purposes and later abandoned to decay.
- The St. Catherine Church, first mentioned in 1335, was rebuilt in the 16th century.
- The former Protestant (red) church was built in 1882. It has served as a Catholic church since 1947.
literature
- Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , p. 396.
Web links
- Nieder-Peilau Schlössel: Duncker collection, with castle and history of Nieder Peilau (PDF; 257 kB)
- History (polish)
- Piława Dolna: historical and current recordings as well as geographical location