Police (Netherlands)

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In the European part of the Netherlands , the police have been centrally organized since the beginning of 2013 ( National Politie ). For the Caribbean part of the Netherlands (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, Saba) there is an independent police corps, the Korps Politie Caribisch Nederland .

In terms of organization, the Koninklijke Marechaussee belongs to the Ministry of Defense as a branch of the armed forces , but is also subordinate to other ministries when carrying out its duties.

structure

Until 1994

Until 1994 there was a bipartite police organization in the Netherlands : All larger municipalities (148 in total) had a municipal police force ( Gemeentepolitie ), which was subordinate to the mayor. The State Police ( Rijkspolitie ) was responsible for smaller municipalities and security tasks affecting the entire national territory and was responsible to the Minister of Justice . Since the new Police Act ( Politiewet ) came into force on April 1, 1994, all civilian police formations have been uniformly organized and uniform.

Police regions 1994 to 2012

The country was divided into 25 police regions ( politieregio’s ), each with a regional corps ( regiokorps ). The management of the regional police was incumbent on a corps chief, who was supported by a regional executive committee, which also included representatives of the local city administrations and the judiciary . The size of a regional corps was dependent on a number of factors: on the one hand the number of inhabitants, the crime rate and the structure of the settlement. The regional corps were subdivided into districts ( districten ) or areas ( onderdelen ). The districts were often divided into basic units ( basiseenheden ). Each district has its own criminal investigation department. In addition, there are two central services in each region, on the one hand the criminal investigation department ( divisie regional recherche ) and support services ( executieve ondersteuning ). These included the control center ( regional meldkamer, RMK ), police custody , traffic monitoring, etc. Each regional corps is organized itself. Where the principle of opportunity is taken into account, i.e. which tasks and which criminal offenses are pursued, the individual regional corps could largely determine themselves. The principle of legality as it exists in Germany does not exist in the Netherlands. Ads still need to be included. Finances, personnel, equipment and properties were decided independently by each regional corps.

Each regional corps had special units. These included the riot police ( mobiele eenheid, ME ) and arrest teams ( arrestatieteam ) similar to parts of the German special forces ( SEK ). In addition, the regional force still teams stopped in front for undercover operations ( politiële infiltratieteams, PIT ), observation teams, special forces ( Bijzondere Bijstandseenheden ) for hostage-taking and counter-terrorism, criminal investigation support teams ( RechercheBijstandsTeam, RBT ), professionals in the fight against sex offenses, teams for traffic monitoring ( VerkeersHandhavingsTeam, VHT ), teams for fighting environmental crimes and teams for recording and processing serious traffic accidents ( VerkeersOngevallenAnalyse, VOA ). However, the teams sometimes worked supraregional as not every corps had one of the teams mentioned.

The Corps Landelijke Politie Diensten (KLPD)

In addition to the regional corps , there was a state police corps ( Korps Landelijke Politiediensten - KLPD), which had been subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior ( Minister van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties ) (previously the Ministry of Justice) since 2000 . It had about 4,500 employees. The KLPD had 12 organizational units:

  • Railway Police ( Spoorwegpolitie Service )
  • Office for criminal police special technology ( Service Specialist Research Toepassingen )
  • Logistics service ( service logistics )
  • Air Police ( Luchtvaartpolitie Service )
  • National Criminal Police ( National Research Service )
  • Operational support and coordination ( Service Operationele ondersteuning en Coördinatie, DOC )
  • Rider and dog relay ( Levende Have Politie service, DLHP )
  • Security service for the royal family and the political-diplomatic leadership area ( Dienst Koninklijke en Diplomatieke Beveiling, DKDB )
  • Traffic Police ( Verkeerspolitie Service )
  • Water Police ( Service Waterpolitie )
  • Central Criminal Police Information Office ( National Information Research Service, NRI )
  • Central Office for International Criminal Police Information System ( International Networks Service, IN )

There were around 55,000 civilian police officers on duty in the Netherlands in 2012. At the beginning of 2013 the KLPD was transferred to the Landelijke Eenheid van de Nationale Politie .

Overall structure since 2013

At the beginning of 2013 there was another restructuring of the Dutch police force. Since January 1st 2013, the former 25 regional police corps, the Dutch National Police ( Korps Landelijke Politiediensten ) as a national unit and the cooperation center of the Dutch police have formed an entire Dutch police force, the Nationale Politie , which employs around 63,000 people.

10 police districts, each headed by a head, the national unit and the police service center form the new organizational structure of the unified Dutch police force. The police districts are

  1. Noord Nederland
  2. Oost Nederland
  3. Midden Nederland
  4. North Holland
  5. Amsterdam
  6. The hague
  7. Rotterdam
  8. Zeeland West Brabant
  9. Oost Brabant and
  10. Limburg

Other organizations

In terms of organization, the Koninklijke Marechaussee belongs to the Ministry of Defense as a separate armed force , but is also subordinate to other ministries when carrying out their police duties. In addition to border protection , airport security and foreign police activities, this also includes personal protection for the royal family .

For the Caribbean part of the Netherlands (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, Saba) there is an independent police corps, the Korps Politie Caribisch Nederland . This does not fall within the scope of the Politiewet 2012 .

To support and relieve professional police forces, so-called city guards have existed in many Dutch cities since the 1990s, and their relatives are uniformed but unarmed. The police are usually responsible for supervising the city guards. In addition, there are also voluntary police officers ( Vrijwillige Politie ) who are assigned executive powers, but mostly at a lower level in the administrative and enforcement service.

Cross-border cooperation

On the basis of the German-Dutch police and judicial agreement of March 2, 2005, cross-border cooperation is being intensified. The contract came into force on September 1, 2006. The Dutch police, the Koninklijke Marechaussee, the federal police and the police of the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony are involved .

There has been a German-Dutch police station in Dinxperlo - Aalten municipality - (Netherlands) since 1999. The guard is manned by a district official ( Wijkagent ) from the Netherlands and a district official from Germany ( Borken district ). The services are carried out together in both countries.

In the Eurode Business Center in the border area between Herzogenrath and Kerkrade there is another two-state police station, which is organized according to the same principle.

The Euregional Police Information Cooperation Center (EPICC) has existed in Heerlen (Netherlands) since May 17, 2005 . 24 employees from Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands are currently on duty here. The EPICC aims to improve cross-neighborly cooperation and the exchange of information.

See also

Web links

Commons : Police (Netherlands)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ About the Dutch Police - 2013 . Retrieved April 28, 2013 (Dutch)
  2. ^ German-Dutch police station in Dinxperlo