President of Ukraine
| President of Ukraine | |
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| Standard of the President | |
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Acting President Volodymyr Zelenskyj since May 20, 2019 |
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| Official seat | Marienpalast |
| authority | Presidential Office of Ukraine |
| Term of office | 5 years (re-election possible once) |
| Creation of office | 5th December 1991 |
| Last choice | April 21, 2019 |
| Next choice | probably 2024 |
| Website | www.president.gov.ua |
The President of Ukraine ( Ukrainian Президент України / Presydent Ukrajiny / President Ukrajiny ) is the head of state of Ukraine elected by the Ukrainian citizens and represents the state internally and externally ( under international law ).
The position of the President of Ukraine is defined in Chapter V of the Constitution of Ukraine , which regulates the rights and obligations of the President as head of state, his electoral procedure and the possibility of his recall.
According to Article 102 of the Constitution, the President of Ukraine is the guarantor of the state sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, the Constitution of Ukraine, the rights and freedoms of people and citizens. According to Article 104 of the Constitution, this is also the content of the oath of office that the President takes on the Constitution of Ukraine, the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine and the Peressopnytsia Gospel when he takes office .
tasks
The President's duties include:
- the appointment of the Prime Minister, with the consent of Parliament, as well as the ministers, the diplomatic representatives of the country, two thirds of the members of the Constitutional Court and the Central Bank , as well as the Attorney General and the members of the Central Electoral Commission
- Execution of parliamentary laws with the possibility of a veto against parliamentary decisions,
- Right to repeal government measures and determine the scope of ministries ,
- Exercising the right of grace for the whole of Ukraine,
- Establishment or dissolution of courts and judicial branches ,
- Chair of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine
- Supreme command of the armed forces of Ukraine , imposition of martial law and general mobilization in the event of tension or war,
- early dissolution of parliament ,
- Ordinances and decrees to the executive bodies , including the Cabinet of Ministers .
A delegation of these powers is expressly excluded. The President is advised by the “National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine”.
In accordance with Articles 14 and 106 of the Ukrainian Constitution and Section 32 of the Law “On Security Service of Ukraine” , the President of Ukraine also controls the activities of Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) .
choice
Eligible are those who are actively eligible to vote , are Ukrainian citizens , are at least 35 years old on election day , speak the state language and have lived in Ukraine for at least ten years.
The President is elected for a five-year term by direct election by the people of Ukraine. A candidate may not hold office for more than two consecutive terms.
According to Article 104 of the Ukrainian Constitution, the swearing-in of the newly elected President must take place no later than 5 days after the official announcement of the election results.
Early withdrawal
Premature resignation from office is possible through personal resignation, determination of health-related incapacity for office, a formal impeachment procedure or the death of the office holder. The determination of incapacity for health reasons must be made by a two-thirds majority in Parliament at the request of the Constitutional Court and after obtaining a medical opinion. Removal from office is only possible in the case of serious violations of the law ( treason or other crimes). This requires an ad hoc parliamentary investigation commission, on the basis of which parliament has to decide on a presidential charge with a majority of its members. The actual impeachment requires a three-quarters majority of the members of parliament on the basis of conviction of the crime and after submission to the constitutional court. Apart from that, the president enjoys political immunity .
In the case of premature termination of office, Parliament transfers the duties of office to the Prime Minister until a successor is elected. The competencies are limited.
Privileges
For his services to the state, the president receives an annual gross salary of the equivalent of 11,640 US dollars (2015) and is thus one of the worst-paid heads of state worldwide.
Civil and criminal status
Article 105 of the Ukrainian Constitution states that the President has the right of immunity during the term of office. This means that the President of Ukraine can neither be held criminally responsible nor prosecuted during his term of office. Insulting the honor and dignity of the President of Ukraine is a criminal offense.
Official seat and residences
The official ceremonial residence and official residence of the President is the Marian Palace in Kiev . Other residences are the house of the weeping widow in downtown Kiev and the house with the chimeras on Vulyzja Bankowa ( Вулиця Банкова ), on which the Presidential Office of Ukraine , the authority of the President, is located. Other residences, such as the Potocki Palace in Lviv , can be found all over Ukraine.
Official insignia of the President
Standard
Collane
seal
Bulava
The official insignia of the Ukrainian President are:
- Standard : The standard consists of a blue square with a golden Trysub in the middle, framed by a golden, vegetative ornament .
- Collane : The collar weighs around 400 grams and consists of yellow and white gold as well as seven medallions painted with patriotic motifs, which alternate with pieces of jewelry.
- Seal : The official seal of the President of Ukraine is round. On it is the small national coat of arms with the inscription "The President of Ukraine". Below the coat of arms there is an image of the order of Yaroslav the Wise . The seal handle ends in a lapis lazuli ball , its central part is gold-plated so that the colors blue and yellow correspond to those of the Ukrainian flag . The seal is made of silver and weighs almost half a kilogram.
- Bulava : The presidential scepter (the mace ) is gold-plated and weighs 750 grams. It consists of two hollow parts: the handle and the apple decorated with gold medallions on the top. It contains an engraving “Omnia revertutur” and 64 precious stones set in gold . There is a pull-out blade in the handle. The bulava is kept in a chest carved from mahogany wood.
Air transport
For flights, the President has Ilyushin Il-62 aircraft and an Airbus A319-100 or Mil Mi-8 helicopters available. The flight readiness of the state airline Ukraine Air Enterprise is located at Kiev-Boryspil Airport .
Transitional presidency 2014
Viktor Yanukovych's impeachment
In the 2010 presidential elections in Ukraine , Viktor Yanukovych won just over 35 percent of the vote in the first ballot on January 17, 2010, and Yulia Tymoshenko around 25 percent. In the runoff election on February 7, 2010, Yanukovych won almost 48.95 percent of the vote and Tymoshenko 45.47 percent. Viktor Yanukovych has since expanded his power: the law on limiting the power of the president introduced under Viktor Yushchenko has been revoked and the press has been increasingly censored .
In the wake of the state crisis in 2013/14 , after the protests escalated on the night of February 22, 2014, Yanukovych left Kiev . Thereupon the parliament declared him for the office and based this on the "self-chosen and unconstitutional permanent removal of the president from his constitutional duties".
At the same time, based on Article 112 of the Constitution, Parliament entrusted the President of Parliament , Oleksandr Turchynov , with the exercise of official duties. However, Article 112 presupposes the termination of the previous presidency through death, resignation, inability to exercise office for health reasons or an impeachment procedure , which is why Yanukovych is believed by some even after his overthrow and his escape until the new president elected on May 25, 2014, was appointed was considered constitutional incumbent .
Early presidential election 2014
The early presidential election took place on May 25, 2014. Shortly after the polling stations closed at 8 p.m. Kiev time, the results of three post-election polls were published that predicted a victory for candidate Petro Poroshenko . Poroshenko then declared himself the election winner and spoke out in favor of early parliamentary elections .
The turnout for the presidential election was 60.29%. After counting all the votes cast, Petro Poroshenko gained an absolute majority in the first ballot with 54.7% of the votes. Second place was Julija Tymoshenko with 12.81% . Poroshenko was officially declared the winner of the presidential election by the electoral commission on the evening of May 26, 2014.
The executive president Oleksandr Turchynow announced in the Ukrainian parliament on May 29th that Poroshenko, after counting all the votes cast, was the final winner of the election and is therefore the designated president of Ukraine. The inauguration took place on June 7, 2014 in the Verkhovna Rada in the presence of the German President Joachim Gauck .
President of Ukraine
Leonid Kravchuk
December 5, 1991 - July 19, 1994
Leonid Kuchma
July 19, 1994 -
January 23, 2005
Viktor Yushchenko
January 23, 2005 -
February 25, 2010
Viktor Yanukovych
February 25, 2010 - February 22, 2014
Oleksandr Turchynow
February 22, 2014 -
June 7, 2014 (acting)
Petro Poroshenko
June 7, 2014
- May 20, 2019
Volodymyr Selenskyj , since May 20, 2019
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Web links
- Official Website of the President of Ukraine (English version)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b The Constitution of Ukraine on the official website of the Verkhovna Rada , accessed on March 28, 2014 (Ukrainian).
- ↑ a b Official website of the President of Ukraine - The Constitution of Ukraine, Chapter 5 ( Memento of the original from June 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on May 18, 2014 (Ukrainian).
- ↑ Official website of the SBU ( Memento of the original from May 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed May 15, 2014.
- ↑ Law of Ukraine on Presidential Election , accessed May 18, 2014.
- ↑ Top 20 salaries of the presidents on korrespondent.net from February 20, 2015; accessed in February 2015
- ↑ Official interpretation of Article 105 of the Constitutional Court of December 10, 2003, № 19-rp / 2003 , accessed on March 29, 2014 (Ukrainian).
- ↑ Over a dozen official residences on ua.korrespondent.net , accessed on March 29, 2014 (Ukrainian).
- ↑ Official Symbols of the President of Ukraine. ( Memento of the original from October 12, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. On: president.gov.ua. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
- ↑ Website of the state aviation company Ukraine Air Enterprise ( Memento of the original from October 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed March 29, 2014 (Ukrainian).
- ^ Nico Lange: After the presidential elections: How to consolidate the Ukrainian democracy? , KAS foreign information, 4/2010.
- ↑ Kyryl Savin: One hundred days presidency of Viktor Yanukovych. (No longer available online.) Heinrich Böll Foundation , June 10, 2010, archived from the original on June 13, 2013 ; accessed on March 29, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ressolution On self-withdrawal of the President of Ukraine from performing his constitutional duties , on the Werkchowna Rada website, accessed March 23, 2014 (English version).
- ↑ Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada №764-VІІ of February 23, 2014: “On conferring powers of the President of Ukraine on the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada” ( Memento of the original from April 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , from the website of the President of Ukraine, accessed March 23, 2014.
- ^ Hauke Janssen / Eckart Teichert: Münchhausen-Check: Putin and the legitimate President of Ukraine , in: Spiegel Online Politik , March 6, 2014.
- ↑ Absolute majority in Ukraine election Poroshenko wins in the first round on n-tv.de , accessed on May 25, 2014.
- ↑ LB.ua: Порошенко: выборы завершились в один тур, и страна имеет нового Президента (Ukrainian).
- ↑ lb.ua: Порошенко: парламентские выборы должны пройти в этом году (Ukrainian).
- ↑ Central Electoral Commission of Ukraine - Participation in the 2014 presidential election ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Retrieved May 26, 2014 (Ukrainian).
- ↑ Central Electoral Commission of Ukraine - Voting Results of the 2014 Presidential Election ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Retrieved May 28, 2014 (Ukrainian).
- ↑ Poroshenko officially winner of the presidential election , merkur-online.de; accessed on May 27, 2014.
- ↑ Poroshenko strives for a security pact with the EU and the USA on zeit.online ; Retrieved May 29, 2014.
- ↑ Petro Poroshenko sworn in as the new president , time online ; Retrieved June 7, 2014.
