Kuhberg (Stützengrün)

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Kuhberg
Prince Georg Tower on the Kuhberg

Prince Georg Tower on the Kuhberg

height 794.6  m above sea level NHN
location Erzgebirgskreis , Saxony ( Germany )
Mountains Ore Mountains
Coordinates 50 ° 31 '12 "  N , 12 ° 29' 56"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 31 '12 "  N , 12 ° 29' 56"  E
Kuhberg (Stützengrün) (Saxony)
Kuhberg (Stützengrün)
rock Tourmaline granite
particularities Prinz-Georg-Turm ( AT ) from 1894

The Kuhberg is 794.6  m above sea level. NHN high mountain in the western Ore Mountains on the border with the Vogtland in Saxony . It is located in the Erzgebirge / Vogtland Nature Park in the municipality of Stützengrün in the Ore Mountains District .

description

The Kuhberg forms a "striking elevation" in the Western Ore Mountains "in the area of ​​the contact yard of the granite region". The “Kuhbergrücken” represents its own microgeochore according to the natural space map of Saxony and is part of the “Kuhberg-Steinberg- Hinterland” mesogeochore . It is also overgrown with forest on its summit. The main tree species are spruces (Picea abies) .

On the summit is a historical survey column of the " Royal Saxon Triangulation " from 1876, which was created in the course of the national survey carried out between 1862 and 1890 and is one of the few columns that have been preserved at their historical location.

Surname

The Kuhberg is mentioned as early as 1563 as Kuhebergk in the contract between the heirs Balthasar Friedrich Edler von der Planitz and Elector August von Sachsen , through which Schönheide , Stützengrün and Neustädtel were sold to the Elector. In the Berlin copy of the Sächsische Meilenblätter from 1792 the name “Kuh-Berg” is registered, in the Freiberg copy “the Kühberg”. In 1823 the Saxon forest administration was still using the name "Kühberg".

tower

Beginning of tourism with a log cabin (1903)
Left the surveying column from 1876

A 20 m high brick observation tower with 99 steps leads to a view over the Ore Mountains and the adjacent northwestern Vogtland . It was built by the Erzgebirge branch association Schönheide in 1894 as the Prinz-Georg-Turm and can be climbed all year round for a fee. The tower was 16 m high when it was built and was boarded up on the west and north sides before the First World War. As the forest continued to grow, it was later raised by a brick floor so that visitors can look over the surrounding trees, and in the 1990s it was given a glazed wooden structure. Next to the tower is the inn from the 1930s, which was expanded and stocked up in the 1990s, which has become a hotel.

View from the tower

Moritz von Süßmilch praised in his work Das Erzgebirge in prehistory, past and present, the second edition of which appeared in 1894 , for the good view that is possible from the tower of the Kuhberg (“magnificent view of the mountain ridge”). The forest, which has now grown tall, no longer allows a view of the landscape. The local tourism association has not yet found a way, in an agreement with the Saxon state forest administration, to cut down the trees in a closer vicinity to the tower so that it can be used as a lookout tower again. A cooperation agreement signed on August 10, 2019 between the municipalities of Schönheide and Stützengrün and the Sachsenforst state enterprise also provides for visual aisles to be cut and maintained in the vicinity of the Kuhberg in order to also do justice to the forest's recreational function.

Refurbishment of the tower

The tower has to be structurally renovated. Plans by the community of Stützengrün for the anniversary year 2019 - the tower opened 125 years ago on July 22, 1894 - to renovate and add to the tower so that a distant view of the treetops is possible, could not be realized for financial reasons. The community had sought funding for this since 2015 and feared that "the tower [...] would collapse in the next few years". According to an expert opinion, 300,000 euros are necessary for the renovation. A new owner of the restaurant and tower since May 2020 declared the intention to "also want to do something for the tower in the near future".

history

Triangulation column from 1876

In 1876, a stone surveying column was erected on the Kuhberg as part of the systematic survey of Germany agreed between the German states. This made the Kuhberg one of 122 points of the "Royal Saxon Triangulation". The column erected in 1876 still exists today. In 1894 a second stone triangulation column was erected on the Kuhberg.

After the head forester of the state forest area had already come to the public in 1858 with the suggestion to build a lookout tower on the Kuhberg, in 1880 the Ore Mountains branch association Schönheide erected a wooden "observation frame", which was named "with high permission" after the Saxon Crown Prince Georg "Prinz-Georg-Turm" was called. From 1892, the use of this wooden tower was prohibited due to its dilapidation. Construction of today's stone tower began on March 15, 1894, and was opened on July 22nd.

After 1989: The HO is removed. The height is still given as 811 meters.

For the inauguration, the association brought out a commemorative publication containing, among other things, articles on the geological conditions, the importance of the Kuhberg for land surveying, the creation of the tower and the narrow-gauge railway from Wilkau-Haßlau to Wilzschhaus , which was extended from Saupersdorf to Wilzschhaus in 1893 and transported numerous tourists from the Zwickau area to the mountains. The large number of tower climbers shows the tourist success: in 1900 there were 11,405 people. The walls of the tower are one meter below and were 38 centimeters thick at the top at the time. A simple wooden structure with a monopitch roof, open on the sides, was provided with tables and benches and served as a makeshift inn after the tower was built. It could protect visitors from the sun and rain, but was unsuitable in cool weather or in winter. In 1903, the Schönheider Erzgebirge branch association built a log house next to the tower that still exists today. A short time later the first small mountain inn was built . It was not until 1935 that a larger restaurant with twelve beds was built. It was called Neues Berghaus by the tenant ; in GDR times it was initially called HOG Wismut- and later HO-Berggaststätte . Around the year 2000 this inn was transformed into a hotel by adding and expanding. This property is called Berggasthof Kuhberg by the operator .

In 1945 forest fires damaged large forest areas on the Kuhberg.

In 2012, a transmission tower in the form of a steel lattice mast was erected on the mountain west of the observation tower. It clearly towers above the trees on the mountain top and can be clearly seen from the area - unlike the observation tower.

designation

In the course of the development of the Kuhberg for tourists by the narrow-gauge railway, numerous postcards were created for the large number of visitors at the turn of the 20th century. The height was almost always given as 811 meters. This was only achieved by climbing the 16 meter high tower when it was built. Even after the tower was raised to 20 meters, the postcards produced after this event remained at the old height. In addition, the designation Kuhberg bei Schönheide was common on the postcards , although the mountain is said to have always been located in the municipality of Stützengrüner.

photos

tourism

In the "interest group around the Kuhberg e. V. ”, the communities of Steinberg , Stützengrün and Schönheide have come together across the districts to promote tourism together. The chairman is Stützengrün's mayor Volkmar Viehweg, who brought the construction of a treetop path on the Kuhberg into play at a joint event by the communities of Schönheide and Stützengrün on February 26, 2018, referring to the construction of the tower 125 years ago and its need for renovation . The decision about a treetop path was made in favor of a location in the Czech Republic.

Hiking trails lead from the surrounding communities and an asphalt road from Stützengrün- Neulehn leads to the summit. The Eisenach – Budapest hiking trail runs over the Kuhberg .

literature

Festschrift of the Schönheider Erzgebirge branch association for the opening of the tower on July 22, 1894 with a link to the digital version of the little book
  • W. Bauer: The new mountain house on the Kuhberg near Schönheide in the calendar for the Ore Mountains and the rest of Saxony, 1937. - 33 (1937), pp. 53–54 (The article deals with the newly built guest house and gives reliable information about its construction .)
  • Günter Bäuerle: 125 years. 1894. 2019. Construction of a stone observation tower on the Kuhberg Prinz-Georg-Turm . Rothenkirchen 2019 (A description of the history of the tower, the dining facilities on the mountain and events since 1894. The volume contains numerous reproductions of historical documents, of architectural drawings, postcards and photos.)
  • The golden stag on the Kuhberge . In: Johann August Ernst Köhler: Sagenbuch des Erzgebirge , Verlag Gärtner Schneeberg and Schwarzenberg 1886, reprint edition Olms-Verlag Hildesheim 1978, p. 323
  • Erzgebirgs-Zweigverein Schönheide (editor): Festschrift for the inauguration of the Prinz-Georg-Tower on the Kuhberge near Schönheide on July 22, 1894 , Schönheide 1894. ( Digitized in the Dresden State and University Library ) (A detailed description of the origins of the tower on the Kuhberg with a description of the geography and geology of the Western Ore Mountains and the geodetic significance of the tower.)
  • Reinhart Heppner , Jörg Brückner , Helmut Schmidt: Saxon-Bohemian panoramic mountains of the western Ore Mountains in words and pictures with tourist information , Horb am Neckar 2001, pp. 35–37
  • Siegfried Sieber in: Kuhberg. In: The mining landscape of Schneeberg and Eibenstock (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 11). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1967, pp. 101-102.
  • Erich Tittel: The Kuhberg near Schönheide and the new Wilzschhaus-Carlsfeld railway line in Glückauf. Zeitschrift des Erzgebirgsverein, 1897, pp. 90–93 (The railway brought about a major increase in the number of visitors to the Upper Ore Mountains. The Kuhberg, which is easier to reach by rail, was one of the main attractions.)

Web links

Commons : Kuhberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  2. Landscape profile "42100 Obere Lagen on the northern roofing of the West and Middle Ore Mountains" from the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation , accessed on May 2, 2019
  3. Natural space map service of the Landschaftsforschungszentrum eV Dresden ( information )
  4. Jump up ↑ Map “Historical survey columns in Saxony”, state enterprise Geobasisinformation und Vermessung des Landes Sachsen , scale 1: 500,000, without date, published in the 2010s
  5. Gottfried August Arndt, Archive of Saxon History , Part 2, Leipzig 1785, pp. 367 to 388 (digitized version)
  6. Sheet 196 of the Sächsische Meilenblätter (Berlin copy) from 1792 ( digitized version in the Dresden State and University Library )
  7. Sheet 185 of the Freiberg copy of the Meilen Blätter von Sachsen from 1792 with additions up to 1876 ( link to the map sheet and its description in the Dresden State and University Library )
  8. ^ Archives in Saxony - inventory overview. archiv.sachsen.de, accessed on December 30, 2017 .
  9. a b c d Max Grohmann : On to Schönheide with Bismarckhain and Prinz-Georg-Turm on the Kuhberge. Advice in pictures and words for locals, for summer visitors, hikers and winter sports fans, for school, club and social excursions. Published by M. Grohmann on behalf of the Erzgebirgs-Zweigverein Schönheide, printed by Meisenbach, Riffahrt und Co., Leipzig undated (around 1915), p. 29
  10. Kuhberg Stützengrün with the Prinz-Georg-Turm ( memento from February 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) on the website of the municipality of Stützengrün
  11. ^ W. Bauer: The new mountain house on the Kuhberg near Schönheide , in: Calendar for the Ore Mountains and the rest of Saxony , 33rd year, pp. 53–54, Leipzig 1937
  12. This shows a comparison of historical postcards from the time before the First World War.
  13. Moritz von Süßmilch called Hörnig: The Erzgebirge in prehistory, past and present , Hermann Grasers Verlag, 2nd edition Annaberg 1894, p. 614 ( link to the digitized version in the Dresden State and University Library )
  14. Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 33 and 34/19 of August 16, 2019, p. 2
  15. Report by Freie Presse, online edition of March 14, 2017 , accessed on July 5, 2019
  16. Freie Presse - regional edition Aue / Schwarzenberg - from May 30, 2020, p. 11
  17. a b Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 8 ( digitized in the Dresden State and University Library )
  18. Jump up ↑ Map “Historical survey columns in Saxony”, state enterprise Geobasisinformation und Vermessung des Landes Sachsen, scale 1: 500,000, without date, published in the 2010s
  19. ^ Ernst Flath: Local history and history of Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide , Schönheide o. J. (1909), p. 312 ( digitized version in the Dresden State and University Library )
  20. a b Erzgebirgs-Zweigverein Schönheide (editor): Festschrift for the inauguration of the Prinz-Georg-Tower on the Kuhberge near Schönheide on July 22nd, 1894 , Schönheide 1894, p. 10 digitized version of the Dresden State and University Library, accessed on August 5th 2014
  21. Dillinger's travel paper from January 20, 1901, p. 6 digitized
  22. Erzgebirgs-Zweigverein Schönheide (editor): Festschrift for the inauguration of the Prinz-Georg-Tower on the Kuhberge near Schönheide on July 22, 1894 , Schönheide 1894, p. 12 Digitized version of the Dresden State and University Library, accessed on January 12, 2016
  23. Max Grohmann: On to Schönheide with Bismarckhain and Prinz-Georg-Turm on the Kuhberge. Advice in pictures and words for locals, for summer visitors, hikers and winter sports fans, for school, club and social excursions. Published by M. Grohmann on behalf of the Erzgebirgs-Zweigverein Schönheide, printed by Meisenbach, Riffahrt und Co., Leipzig undated (around 1915), p. 31
  24. ^ The mining landscape of Schneeberg and Eibenstock (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 11). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1967, p. 101.
  25. ^ Website Berggasthof Kuhberg , accessed on June 28, 2020
  26. ^ The eastern Vogtland (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 59). 1st edition. Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Successor, Weimar 1998, ISBN 3-7400-0938-1 , p. 17.
  27. Freie Presse, regional edition Auerbach, from October 15, 2012 website , accessed on April 7, 2017
  28. Website Rund um dem Kuhberg , accessed on March 1, 2018
  29. ^ Ore Mountains Museum