Rackel

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Community Malschwitz
Coordinates: 51 ° 12 ′ 53 ″  N , 14 ° 34 ′ 54 ″  E
Height : 152 m above sea level NN
Residents : 213  (December 31, 2016)
Incorporation : 1st February 1974
Incorporated into: Baruth
Postal code : 02694
Area code : 035932
Aerial photograph by Rackel (2017)
Aerial photograph by Rackel (2017)

Rackel , Upper Sorbian Rakojdy ? / i , is a village in the East Saxon district of Bautzen and has been part of the Malschwitz community since 1994 . It is located in Upper Lusatia and is in the Sorbian settlement area . Audio file / audio sample

geography

Rackel on the measuring table from 1906

Rackel is - atypical for the region - a medium-sized street village about 11 km east of Bautzen and 6 km west of Weißenberg . The Malschwitz community center is 5 km away. The place is on the southern edge of the Upper Lusatian lowlands. The hilly Upper Lusatian region begins south of Rackel and the terrain rises by more than thirty meters. At the western edge of the village, the Löbauer water emerges from its narrow valley and divides into several arms in a northerly direction. The estate is located a little to the south of the actual street village on the road to Cannewitz.

The neighboring towns are Baruth in the north, Brießnitz in the east, Cannewitz in the southwest and Preititz in the west.

The avenue of lime trees between Baruth and Rackel is protected as a natural monument.

history

The place was first mentioned in 1331 as the manor of Johannes de Rakil , but the old fortification - the Alte or Rackeler Schanze - between Rackel and Cannewitz is a remnant of a much older settlement (probably between 600 and 900). The Rackel manor, which Melchior Albrecht von Rackel sold in 1665, existed until the 20th century. Then the manorial rule came to the rule of Baruth von Gersdorff and with them in 1808 to the house of Lippe-Weißenfeld , which also owned Teichnitz . The family was expropriated in 1945.

In May 1813, heavy fighting broke out in the context of the Battle of Bautzen near Rackel and Baruth.

In 1854 there were also some Rackel residents among the 558 Sorbian emigrants who left Europe under the leadership of Pastor Jan Kilian and founded the Sorbian settlement of Serbin in Texas. Rackeler Sorbs had already been among the emigrants who left the country for South Australia in 1850.

Rackel was an independent rural community with the districts of Brießnitz (since 1936) and Cannewitz (since 1957) until 1974 . Then it was incorporated into Baruth and together with him in 1994 to Malschwitz.

In the village you can still find examples of the typical Upper Lusatian half- timbered houses , which were widespread throughout the region until the 19th century.

Place name

“Rackel” is spoken with a long a . The exact meaning of the Sorbian place name is disputed. A derivation of rak ("cancer") analogous to Rakecy ( Königswartha ) is likely, given the numerous small rivers in the area, either from a personal name Rak, or - in the case of today's Sorbian name form - from a later conversion to * Rakojědy , "Settlement of the crab eaters", which is also documented in Polish as rakojady .

population

Rackel is one of the larger villages in the area, although in 1834 with 355 inhabitants it was still significantly larger than today. In 1910 it had only 285 inhabitants. Since then, there has only been a slow decline.

In 1884/85 Arnošt Muka had 294 inhabitants, 282 of whom were Sorbs . Only since the middle of the 20th century has the use of Sorbian in the village declined due to assimilation and the influx of German speakers. In 1956, the Sorbian-speaking population in the municipality was still 67%. In 1964 Rackel and its districts had 504 inhabitants.

Since the Reformation, the population has been almost exclusively Evangelical-Lutheran and has been parish in Gröditz since the 16th century . Today Rackel belongs to the parish of Baruth.

Economy and Infrastructure

Just south of the village runs the A 4 ( Dresden - Wroclaw ), the next connection points but eight ( White Mountain ) and 11 kilometers ( Bautzen-Ost ) away. Local roads connect Rackel with its neighboring towns.

Rackel has a sports field and a youth club, which is one of the most active in the area.

swell

  • Rackel in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  • Olaf Bastian, Henriette Joseph, Haik Thomas Porada: Upper Lusatian heath and pond landscape - a regional inventory. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2005.

Web links

Commons : Rackel / Rakojdy  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Walter Wenzel: Oberlausitzer Ortnamesbuch. Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 2008, p. 142
  2. ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954.
  3. ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 246 .