Reichstag constituency Kassel district 4

The constituency of the German Reich.

The Reichstag constituency of the Province of Hessen-Nassau - Administrative Region of Kassel 4 (constituency number 196) was a constituency for the Reichstag elections in the German Reich and in the North German Confederation from 1867 to 1918.

Constituency layout

It included the former Hessian districts of Eschwege , Schmalkalden and Witzenhausen .

Population development
year	Residents
1890	104,784
1895	107,407
1900	111,878
1905	117.506
1910	123.021

Professional men
	Agriculture	Industry and commerce	Trade and services
1895	42.2	43.9	14.0
1907	37.4	49.1	13.5

Denomination
	Evangelical	Catholic
1890	96.1	1.6
1905	96.1	1.9
1910	96.0	1.9

MPs

choice	MP	Political party	image
Reichstag election February 1867 to 1881	Richard Harnier	NL
Reichstag elections 1881 to 1884	Karl Friess	LVg	0
Reichstag elections 1881 to 1887	Hermann von Christians	DRP	0
Reichstag election from 1887 to 1893	Feodor Wilisch	DFrP	0
Reichstag election 1887 to 1895	Hans Leuss	DSozRP	0
Replacement election 1895 to 1898	Karl Iskraut	DRefP	0
Reichstag election 1898 to 1903	Hermann von Christians	DRP	0
Reichstag elections 1903 to 1904	Leonhard Seyboth	FrVP	0
Substitute election 1904 to 1912	Friedrich Raab	DSozP	0
Reichstag election 1912 to 1918	Georg Thöne	SPD

elections

1867 (February)

There was only one ballot. 12,268 votes were cast. The number of valid votes was 12,248.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Richard Harnier	NL	8361	68.3%
Edwin von Bischoffshausen	FrKVG	3773	30.8%
0	Others	114	0.9

1867 (August)

There was only one ballot. The number of valid votes was 5,998.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Richard Harnier	NL	5877	98.1%	0
0	Others			0

1971

There was only one ballot. The number of eligible voters was 19,316. 5875 votes were cast, the turnout was 30.4%. The number of valid votes was 5844.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Richard Harnier	NL	4662	79.8%
Maximilian Senfft from Pilsach	K	1105	18.9%
0	NL	42	0.7%
0	Others	35	0.6

1874

There was only one ballot. The number of eligible voters was 18,417. 5,991 votes were cast, the turnout was 32.5%. The number of valid votes was 5985.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Richard Harnier	NL	5744	96%
Maximilian Senfft from Pilsach	K	180	3%
0	Others	61	1

1877

There was only one ballot. The number of eligible voters was 18,536. 5739 votes were cast, the turnout was 31%. The number of valid votes was 5376.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Richard Harnier	NL	4463	77.8%
Maximilian Senfft from Pilsach	K	1094	19.1%
0	K	74	1.3%
0	Others	105	1.8

1878

There was only one ballot. The number of eligible voters was 19,287. 11,803 votes were cast, the turnout was 61.2%. The number of valid votes was 11,769.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Richard Harnier	NL	6389	54.3%	0
Eduard Wendelstadt	DRP	5342	45.4%	Professor of Agriculture at the University of Hohenheim, Chairman of the Hessian Electoral Commission for Agricultural Affairs
0	Others	38	0.3	0

1881

There was only one ballot. The number of eligible voters was 18,530. 11,369 votes were cast, the turnout was 61.4%. The number of valid votes was 11330.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Karl Friess	LVg	7122	62.8%
Karl von Scharfenberg	K	4199	37.1%
0	Others	9	0.1

1884

There was only one ballot. The number of eligible voters was 19671. 12,474 votes were cast, the turnout was 63.4%. The number of valid votes was 12,420.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Hermann von Christians	DRP	7189	57.9%
Karl Friess	LVg	5167	41.6%
Wilhelm Bock	SPD	54	0.4%
0	Others	10	0.1

1887

In the Reichstag election in 1887 , the NLP supported the DRP candidate as part of the alliance of cartel parties . There was only one ballot. The number of eligible voters was 20,441. 13,893 votes were cast, the turnout was 68%. The number of valid votes was 13,837.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Hermann von Christians	DRP	10542	76.2%
Franz Schenk von Stauffenberg	DFrP	1806	13%
Wilhelm Pfannkuch	SPD	1475	10.7%
0	Others	14th	0.1

1890

In the Reichstag election in 1890 , as in the previous election, the NLP supported the DRP candidate. There were two ballots. The number of eligible voters was 21230. 16,452 votes were cast in the first ballot, the turnout was 77.5%. The number of valid votes was 16,389.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Feodor Wilisch	DFrP	6952	42.4%
Hermann von Christians	DRP	6214	37.9%
Wilhelm Pfannkuch	SPD	3213	19.6%
0	Others	10	0.1

In the runoff election, the Social Democrats support the left-wing liberal Wilisch. 16,759 votes were cast in the runoff ballot, the turnout was 78.9%. The number of valid votes was 16,723.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Feodor Wilisch	DFrP	9714	58.1%	0
Hermann von Christians	DRP	7009	41.9%	0

1893

The cartel parties and the BdL agreed on the common candidate of Christians. There were two ballots. The number of eligible voters was 21,926. 14768 votes were cast in the first ballot, the turnout was 67.4%. The number of valid votes was 14739.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Hans Leuss	DSozRP	3809	25.8%	0
Hermann von Christians	DRP	4280	29%	0
Feodor Wilisch	DFrP	2844	19.3%	0
Heinrich Chicken	SPD	3765	25.6%	Managing director and editor of the Volksblatt in Kassel
0	Others	41	0.3	0

In the runoff election, the Social Democrats also support the DRP candidate. 11,919 votes were cast in the runoff ballot, the turnout was 54.4%. The number of valid votes was 11,711.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Hans Leuss	DSozRP	6879	58.7%	0
Hermann von Christians	DRP	4832	41.3%	0

Leuss resigned his mandate on December 20, 1894, as he had been sentenced to prison.

Replacement election on February 28, 1895

The Karstell parties and the BdL again agreed on a DRP candidate. However, the BdL was reluctant to support the candidate as it assumed that many of its voters would choose Iskraut instead. There were two ballots. The number of eligible voters was 22,332. 16082 votes were cast in the first ballot, the turnout was 72%. The number of valid votes was 16037.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Karl Iskraut	DRefP	3826	23.9%
Karl Peters	DRP	3106	19.4%
Edmund Stengel	FrVP	3495	21.8%
Heinrich Chicken	SPD	5605	35%
0	Others	5	0

In the runoff election, the Free People's Party voted in favor of chicken. 16,823 votes were cast in the runoff election, the turnout was 75.3%. The number of valid votes was 16,761.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Karl Iskraut	DRefP	9964	59.4%	0
Heinrich Chicken	SPD	6797	40.6%	0

1898

Of Christians was supported by the same parties as in the last election. The BdL in particular found it difficult. The Reich leadership of the BdL had asked the local electoral association to support Iskraut. The BdL's local trusting men meeting decided to support Christians. The Liberal People's Party and the Liberal Association support Alfred Helff. The center also called on Helffs to vote. There were two ballots. The number of eligible voters was 23,054. 14,195 votes were cast in the first ballot, the turnout was 61.6%. The number of valid votes was 14,178.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Karl Iskraut	DRefP	2410	17%	0
Hermann von Christians	DRP	3431	24.2%	0
Alfred Helff	FrVP	3071	21.7%	Notary and city councilor in Frankfurt, MdK
Wilhelm Hugo	SPD	5246	37%	0
0	Others	20th	0.1	0

15,764 votes were cast in the runoff election, the turnout was 68.4%. The number of valid votes was 15,645.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Hermann von Christians	DRP	9216	58.9%	0
Wilhelm Hugo	SPD	6429	41.1%	0

1903

Only the German Conservatives and the Free Conservatives supported Christians in this election. The NLP was divided: while the right wing preferred Christians, representatives of the left wing spoke out in favor of Seyboth. The BdL called for Ruprecht to be elected. There were two ballots. The number of eligible voters was 24,745. 18,238 votes were cast in the first ballot, the turnout was 73.7%. The number of valid votes was 18,183.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Hermann Ruprecht	DSozRefP	3309	18.2%
Hermann von Christians	DRP	3812	20.9%
Leonhard Seyboth	FrVP	4546	25%
Wilhelm Hugo	SPD	6485	35.7%
0	Others	31	0.2

In the runoff election, Syboth also received support from the Conservatives, the NLP, the German Social and the Center. The background was an agreement between the parties at the level of the Hesse-Nassau province. In return for the support of Seyboth, the parties in constituency 200 (Hanau) support the NLP candidate. 17,500 votes were cast in the runoff ballot, the turnout was 70.7%. The number of valid votes was 17,387.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Leonhard Seyboth	FrVP	10348	59.5%	0
Wilhelm Hugo	SPD	7039	40.5%	0

After Seyboth was convicted of counterfeiting , he lost his seat in the Reichstag in early 1904.

Replacement election on February 15, 1904

Von Christen was initially supported by the German Conservatives and the Free Conservatives in this election, and the NLP later joined. The BfL supported Raab, the Free People's Party approved voting. Two ballots took place in the replacement election on February 15, 1904. The number of eligible voters was 24,745, the turnout was 72.6%. The number of valid votes was 17,984.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Friedrich Raab	DSozP	5826	32.3%	0
Hermann von Christians	DRP	3525	19.6%	0
Otto Merten	FrVP	4083	22.7%	Elementary school teacher in Berlin
Wilhelm Hugo	SPD	4550	25.3%	0

17,538 votes were cast in the runoff election, the turnout was 70.8%. The number of valid votes was 17,385.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Friedrich Raab	DSozP	9827	56.5%	0
Otto Merten	FrVP		43.4%	0

1907

In the Hottentot elections, the conservatives, the German Social Party and the BdL spoke out in favor of Raab. Both FrVP and NLP support Kimpel. There were two ballots. The number of eligible voters was 25,955. 21,713 votes were cast in the first ballot, the turnout was 83.7%. The number of valid votes was 21,657.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Friedrich Raab	DSozP	8946	41.3%
Theodor Kimpel	FrVP	5424	25.1%
Friedrich Eckardt	SPD	7262	33.5%
0	Others	25th	0.1

In the runoff election Kimpel spoke out personally against Raab, but the two liberal election associations called for an election of the anti-Semitic candidate. 20,827 votes were cast in the runoff election, the turnout was 80.2%. The number of valid votes was 20,627.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Friedrich Raab	DSozP	12640	61.3%	0
Friedrich Eckardt	SPD	7987	38.7%	0

1912

As in the last election, the right-wing parties support Raab and the two liberal parties en left-liberal candidate Ohr. The center spoke out in favor of Raab. There were two ballots. The number of eligible voters was 27,399. 23,735 votes were cast in the first ballot, the turnout was 86.6%. The number of valid votes was 23,642.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %
Georg Thöne	SPD	11313	47.9%
Friedrich Raab	DSozP	6522	27.6%
Wilhelm Ohr	FoVP	5801	24.5%
0	Others	6th	0

In the runoff election, the NLP also called for Raab to be elected. 24,074 votes were cast in the runoff ballot, the turnout was 87.8%. The number of valid votes was 23,702.

candidate	Political party	be right	in %	Remarks
Georg Thöne	SPD	12874	54.3%	0
Friedrich Raab	DSozP	10828	45.7%	0

literature

Thomas Klein: The Hessians as Reichstag voters, first volume: Province of Hessen-Nassau and Waldseck-Pyrmont 1867-1933, 1989, ISBN 3-7708-0924-6 , pp. 213-266.
Carl-Wilhelm Reibel: Handbook of the Reichstag elections 1890-1918, 1st half volume, 2007, ISBN 978-3-7700-5284-4 , pp. 753-757, 801-805.